The No. 5 hydrological section is located at Gaoya Hydrological Station (39°08′06.35″ N，100°25′58.23″ E, 1420 m a.s.l.) in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin, Zhangye, Gansu Province. This hydrological section is for intercomparison of flow measurement between ADCP and manual method. The dataset contains observations from the No.5 hydrological section from 10 August, 2012, to 24 November, 2012. The width of this section is 58 meters. The water level was measured using HOBO pressure range and the discharge was measured using cross-section reconnaissance by the StreamPro ADCP. The dataset includes the following sections: Water level (recorded every 30 minutes) and Discharge. The data processing and quality control steps were as follows: 1) The water level data which collected from the hydrological station were averaged over intervals of 10 min for a total of 144 records per day. The missing data were denoted by -6999. 2) Data out the normal range records were rejected. 3) Unphysical data were rejected. For more information, please refer to Liu et al. (2016) (for multi-scale observation experiment or sites information), He et al. (2016) (for data processing) in the Citation section.
0 2019-09-14
On 30 June 2012 (UTC+8), TASI sensor carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared hyperspectral airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the observation experimental area (30×30 km), Linze region and Heihe riverway. The relative flight altitude is 2500 meters. The wavelength of TASI is 8-11.5 μm with a spatial resolution of 3 meters. Through the ground sample points and atmospheric data, the data are recorded in surface radiance processed by geometric correction and atmospheric correction. Land surface temperature (LST) data was retrieved by temperature/emissivity separation algorithm.
0 2019-09-15
Under the background of global warming, mountain glaciers worldwide are facing strong ablation and retreat, but from existing field observations, it is found that most of the glaciers in the Karakorum region remain stable or are advancing, which is called the ＂Karakorum anomaly＂. Glacier surface velocity is an important parameter for studying glacier dynamics and mass balance. Studying the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of glacier velocity in central Karakorum is significant for understanding the dynamic characteristics of the glacier in this region and its response to climate change. Four pairs of Landsat 7 ETM+ images acquired in 1999 to 2003 (images acquired on 1999.7.16, 2000.6.16, 2001.7.21, 2002.8.9, 2002.4.19, 2003.3.21) were selected; using the panchromatic band with a resolution of 15 m, each pair of images was accurately registered, and then cross-correlation calculations were then performed on each image pair after registration to obtain the surface velocity of the glacier in the central Karakorum region from 1999 to 2003. Due to the lack of velocity observation data in the study area, the accuracy of the ice flow results is estimated using the offset value of the stable region, and the surface velocity error of the glacier is approximately ±7 m/year. The glacier velocity data dates are from 1999 to 2003, with a temporal resolution of one year. They cover the central Karakorum region, with a spatial resolution of 30 m. The data are stored as a GeoTIFF file every year. For details regarding the data, please refer to the data description.
0 2020-04-29
GLObal WAter BOdies database（GLOWABO）were obtained based on the GeoCoverTM Water bodies Extraction Method, Charles verpoorer et al， by Landsat 7 ETM + image in 2000 ± 3 years. The water extraction method combines the principal component analysis, threshold extraction, texture feature extraction and other methods, with a spatial resolution of 15 m and an overall accuracy of 91%. The data also includes water area, perimeter, shape index, elevation and other information. In this data set, The Three River Headwater region, Pul River Basin and Yukon River Basin, are selected to provide data support for polar hydrological research in the northern hemisphere.
0 2020-09-30
The data set contains meteorological observation data of zhangye wetland station in the middle reaches of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The site is located in zhangye national wetland park in gansu province.The latitude and longitude of the observation point is 100.4464E, 38.9751N, and altitude is 1460m.Air temperature and relative humidity sensors are set up at 5m and 10m, facing due north.The barometer is installed at 2m;The inverted bucket rain gauge is installed at 10m;The wind speed sensor is set up at 5m and 10m, and the wind direction sensor is set up at 10m, facing due north.The four-component radiometer is installed at 6m, facing due south;The two infrared thermometers are installed at the position of 6m, facing south, and the probe is facing vertically downward.The soil temperature probe is buried at 0cm on the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm and 40cm underground, in the south due to 2m from the meteorological tower.The soil hot flow plates (3) are successively buried in the ground 6cm;Four photosynthetic radiometers are installed above and inside the canopy respectively. The upper part of the canopy is installed at 6m (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), and the upper part of the canopy is installed at 0.25m (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), facing due south. Observation items are: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m RH_5m Ta_10m, RH_10m) (unit: c, percentage), pressure (Press) (unit: hundred mpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_5m, WS_10m) (unit: m/s), wind (WD_10m) (unit: degrees), the radiation of four component (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), the surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit:Degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts per square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm Ts_2cm Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm) (unit: c), the canopy on the up and down photosynthetic active radiation (PAR_U_up, PAR_U_down) (unit: second micromoles/m2) and up and down under canopy photosynthetic active radiation (PAR_D_up, PAR_D_down) (unit: second micromoles/m2). Processing and quality control of observation data :(1) ensure 144 data per day (every 10min). If data is missing, it will be marked by -6999;(2) eliminate the moments with duplicate records;(3) data that is obviously beyond the physical meaning or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked by red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) the format of date and time is uniform, and the date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 2016-6-10-10:30;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. Please refer to Li et al. (2013) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al. (2011) for observation data processing.
0 2020-03-05
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 4, 2008. Simultaneous ground observations on the land surface radiative temperature, the soil temperature and soil moisture were carried out along sampling stripes of newL1-newL12 (each has five points). At each point, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the canopy temperature and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer were measured. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
0 2019-09-12
The dataset of automatic meteorological observations was obtained at the Dadongshu mountain snow observation station (E100°14′/N38°01′, 4101m) from Oct. 29, 2007 to Oct. 1, 2009. The experimental area with a flat and open terrain was slightly sloping from southeast to northwest. With alpine meadow and stones, and snow in autumn, winter and spring, the landscape was ideal. Observation items were multilayer (2m and 10m) of the wind speed, the air temperature and air humidity, the air pressure, rain and snow gauges, snow depth, four components of radiation, the multilayer soil temperature (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, and 120cm), soil moisture (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, and 120cm), and soil heat flux (5cm & 15cm). The raw data were level0 and the data after basic processes were level1, in which ambiguous ones were marked; the data after strict quality control were defined as Level2. The data files were named as follows: station+datalevel+AMS+datadate. Level2 or above were strongly recommended to domestic users. As for detailed information, please refer to Meteorological and Hydrological Flux Data Guide.
0 2019-09-15
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Landsat TM was obtained in the A'rou foci experimental area on Jul. 22, 2008. The stellera coverage was mainly measured by photo taking. (1) Stellera coverage was measured by photo taking in 10 quadrates (51m×51m). Each quadrate was divided into 17×17 subsites, with each one spanning a 3×3 m2 plot. Only corner points of each subsite were chosen and 324 photos were taken for each quadrate. Photos were taken by Nikon D80 with a lens of 18-135mm, shooting straight downwards at the height of 1.5m. (2) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the biomass (samples from 0.5m×0.5m) by green weight and dry weight. Data were archived in Excel format. The dataset includes TM images, quadrate coverage investigation photos, GPS positions, coverage files and investigation tables.
0 2019-05-23
The data used in this research was provided by the Pathfinder database of the EROS (Earth Resource Observation System) data center. The vegetation index NDVI was prepared by using the NOAA-AVHRR data source after radiation correction and geometric rough correction. Every day, each track image is processed with geometric fine correction, removal of bad lines, and removal of clouds, etc., and then NDVI calculation and synthesis. The daily NDVI calculation formula is: 1000 × (b2-b1) / (b2 + b1), where b1 and b2 are the first and second channels of AVHRR. Parameter table of Pathfinder AVHRR Parameter / Variable Definition Unit Range NDVI Normalized Vegetation Index None (-1,1) CLAVR identification Cloudiness index from CLAVR algorithm None (0,30) QC identification Data quality identification None (0,16) Scanning angle Sensor angle Radian (-1.05, 1.05) Solar zenith angle Solar zenith angle per pixel Radian (0, 1.04) Relative zenith angle Relative zenith angle of the sensor Radian (-1.05, 1.05) Ch1 reflectance Reflectance of the first channel (0.58-0.68um) Percent (0,100) Ch2 reflectance Reflectivity of the second channel (0.72--1.10um) Percentage (0, 100) Ch3 brightness temperature Bright temperature value of the third channel (3.55-3.95um) Kelvin temperature scale (160, 340) Ch4 brightness temperature Brightness value of the fourth channel (10.3-11.3um) Kelvin temperature scale (160, 340) Ch5 brightness temperature Bright temperature value of the fifth channel (11.5-12.5um) Kelvin temperature scale (160, 340) The data set includes data on NDVI in China's sub-regions from 1981 to June-September 2001, and data on tens of months in each of the years 1982, 1986, 1991, and 1996 (a total of 343 in 84 months, of which 1981 in June 1981). Data are missing in January and July 1st, and September 3rd 1994) Dataset attributes and format: This data set is stored in a year folder, which contains .HDR header files, .IMG files, and .JPG image files under the same file name. The data in the IMG is stored as integers. The naming rules are as follows: avhrrpf. *. Intfgl.yymmdd_geo where * represents ch1 or ch2 or ch4 or ch5 or ndvi, please refer to Table 1 for its specific meaning and range; yy represents the last two digits of the year; mm represents the month; dd represents the specific date. Data projection: Size is 963, 688 Coordinate System is: GEOGCS ["WGS 84", DATUM ["WGS_1984", SPHEROID ["WGS 84", 6378137,298.257223563, AUTHORITY ["EPSG", "7030"]], TOWGS84 [0,0,0,0,0,0,0], AUTHORITY ["EPSG", "6326"]], PRIMEM ["Greenwich", 0, AUTHORITY ["EPSG", "8901"]], UNIT ["degree", 0.0174532925199433, AUTHORITY ["EPSG", "9108"]], AUTHORITY ["EPSG", "4326"]] Origin = (70.035426000000001, 54.945585999999999) Pixel Size = (0.072727000000000, -0.072727000000000) Corner Coordinates: Upper Left (70.0354260, 54.9455860) (70d 2'7.53 "E, 54d56'44.11" N) Lower Left (70.0354260, 4.9094100) (70d 2'7.53 "E, 4d54'33.88" N) Upper Right (140.0715270, 54.9455860) (140d 4'17.50 "E, 54d56'44.11" N) Lower Right (140.0715270, 4.9094100) (140d 4'17.50 "E, 4d54'33.88" N) Center (105.0534765, 29.9274980) (105d 3'12.52 "E, 29d55'38.99" N) Band 1 Block = 963x1 Type = UInt16, ColorInterp = Undefined Computed Min / Max = 1.000,55480.000
0 2020-06-04
This data is SWAT scenario simulation data in the middle and upper reaches of Heihe River Basin. Scenarios include historical trend scenario (HT), ecological protection scenario (EP), strict ecological protection scenario (SEP), economic development scenario (ED) and rapid economic development scenario (red). Firstly, the dyna_clue model is used to simulate the land use change under different scenarios, and then the simulated land use map under different scenarios is imported into the SWAT model to simulate the daily and monthly runoff scenario data of the upstream outlet (Yingluo gorge) and the middle outlet (Zhengyi gorge) of the Heihe River Basin (assuming other conditions are the same). The period is 2011-2030. The data format is excel.
0 2020-03-09
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