A Big Earth Data Platform for Three Poles

Distribution map of the relationship between vegetation and freeze-thaw changes in the Arctic (1982-2015)

As an important part of the global carbon pool, Arctic permafrost is one of the most sensitive regions to global climate change. The rate of warming in the Arctic is twice the global average, causing rapid changes in Arctic permafrost. The NDVI change data set of different types of permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere from 1982 to 2015 has a temporal resolution of every five years, covers the entire Arctic Rim countries, and a spatial resolution of 8km. Based on multi-source remote sensing, simulation, statistics and measured data, GIS method and ecological method are used to quantify the regulation and service function of permafrost in the northern hemisphere to the ecosystem, and all the data are subject to quality control.

0 2022-07-15

A digital elevation model of Antarctica derived from ICESat-2 (May 2019)

Antarctic digital elevation model (DEM) is essential for human fieldwork, ice topography monitoring and ice mass change estimation. A new-generation satellite laser altimeter ICESat-2 is used to generate a new and specific time-stamped Antarctic DEM for both ice sheet and ice shelves. Approximately 4.69 × 109 ICESat-2 measurement points from November 2019 to November 2020 are used to estimate surface elevations at resolutions of 500 m and 1 km based on a spatiotemporal fitting method, which posts this DEM at a modal resolution of 500 m. About 74% of Antarctica are observed and the remaining observation gaps are interpolated using the ordinary kriging method. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Operation IceBridge (OIB) airborne data are used to evaluate the generated Antarctic DEM (hereafter call it ICESat-2 DEM). Overall, a median bias of -0.19 m and root-mean-square deviation of 10.83 m are found from appropriately 5.2 × 106 spatiotemporal matched measurement points. The accuracy and uncertainty of ICESat-2 DEM vary in relation to the surface slope and roughness, more reliable estimates can be found in the flat ice sheet interior. ICESat-2 DEM is comparable to previous DEMs derived from satellite altimeters, stereo-photogrammetry and interferometry. The high accuracy and a specific time stamp make ICESat-2 DEM an essential addition to the existing Antarctic DEM groups and can be further used for other scientific applications.

0 2022-07-14

The PANDA automatic weather station network between the coast and Dome A, East Antarctica (1989-2021)

Automatic weather stations have been proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring the near surface meteorological elements of glaciers/caps to determine the surface energy budget, so as to quantify glaciers/caps ablation and its response to climate change. This data set introduces the PANDA transect automatic weather station network, which includes 11 automatic weather stations (AWS), Zhongshan, Panda 100, Panda 200, Panda 300, Panda 400, Taishan, Eagle, Panda 1100, Dome A, Kunlun and Panda s. The transect network spans the Prydz Bay Amery ice shelf Dome A area, from the coast to the top of the southeast Antarctica ice sheet. The transect network is roughly along longitude ~77 ° e, and the latitude range is 69.37°S-82.33°S, covering all geographical and climatic units in the southeast polar region. All automatic weather stations in the network measure air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed and direction every hour, and some automatic weather stations can also measure surface temperature and short/longwave radiation. All automatic station data is transmitted in real time through Argos system. The data quality is very reliable, and the data of Dome A and Eagle station have been widely used. At present, the data set has been updated by us to 2021. Except Zhongshan and Panda S, all other stations are multi-layer observations, mainly with four heights of 1/2/4/6m. The data has been subject to strict quality control. We plan to update it once a year. This data set is of great value to climate change estimation, extreme weather event diagnosis, data assimilation, weather forecasting, etc. in the Antarctic region.

0 2022-07-14

Multi-year permafrost range post-processing ensemble products across Three Pole under different RCP scenarios for 2046-2065

The original data of the three pole permafrost range are generated by GCM model simulation, and the original data are from http://www.cryosphere.csdb.cn/portal/metadata/5abef388-3f3f-4802-b3de-f4d233cb333b 。 This data set contains the prediction of future scenarios under different representative concentration paths (RCPs) in the next 2046-2065 years, including rcp2.6 scenario, rcp4.5 scenario and rcp8.5 scenario. The original data content is the spatial range of permafrost and seasonal frozen soil in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data format is netcdf4 format, with a spatial resolution of 0.5 ° and a temporal resolution of years. Through data format conversion, spatial interpolation and other post-processing operations, this research work generates the permafrost range data in netcdf4 format, with a spatial resolution of 0.1 °, a time resolution of years, and a time range of 2046-2065. Permafrost is represented by 1, and seasonal permafrost is represented by 0.

0 2022-07-13

Multi-year permafrost active layer thickness post-processing ensemble products across Three Pole under different RCP scenarios for 2046-2065

The original thickness data of the active layer of the three pole permafrost are generated by GCM model simulation, and the original data are from http://www.cryosphere.csdb.cn/portal/metadata/5abef388-3f3f-4802-b3de-f4d233cb333b 。 This data set contains the prediction of future scenarios under different representative concentration paths (RCPs) in the next 2046-2065 years, including rcp2.6 scenario, rcp4.5 scenario and rcp8.5 scenario. The content of the original data is the thickness of the active layer in the permafrost area of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data format is netcdf4, with a spatial resolution of 0.5 ° and a temporal resolution of years. Through data format conversion, spatial interpolation and other post-processing operations, the active layer thickness in permafrost area in netcdf4 format is generated, with a spatial resolution of 0.1 °, a time resolution of years, a time range of 2046-2065, and the unit is cm.

0 2022-07-13

Post-processing products for the active layer thickness of permafrost in Three Pole from 1990-2015

The thickness of the active layer of the three pole permafrost combines two sets of data products. The main reference data is the annual value of the active layer thickness from 1990 to 2015 generated by GCM model simulation. The data format of this data set is netcdf4 format, with a spatial resolution of 0.5 ° and a temporal resolution of years. The reference correction data set is the average value of active layer thickness from 2000 to 2015 simulated by statistical and machine learning (ML) methods. The data format is GeoTIFF format, the spatial resolution is 0.1 °, and the data unit is m. Through post-processing operations such as data format conversion, spatial interpolation, data correction, etc., this research work generates the permafrost active layer thickness data in netcdf4 format, with a spatial resolution of 0.1 °, a temporal resolution of years, a time range of 1990-2015, and a data unit of CM.

0 2022-07-13

Carbon flux post-processing ensemble products for the Three Pole permafrost region under different RCP scenarios from 2046-2065

The original data of carbon flux in the three pole permafrost region are generated by GCM model simulation, and the original data are from http://www.cryosphere.csdb.cn/portal/metadata/5abef388-3f3f-4802-b3de-f4d233cb333b 。 This data set contains the prediction of future scenarios under different representative concentration paths (RCPs) in the next 2046-2065 years, including rcp2.6 scenario, rcp4.5 scenario and rcp8.5 scenario. The original data include parameters representing carbon flux such as NPP and GPP in the permafrost region of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data format is netcdf4 format, with a spatial resolution of 0.5 ° and a temporal resolution of years. Through data format conversion, spatial interpolation and other post-processing operations, the NPP and GPP data in permafrost region in netcdf4 format are generated. The spatial resolution is 0.1 °, the time resolution is years, the time range is 2046-2065, and the data unit is gc/m2yr.

0 2022-07-13

Glacier runoff segmentation data set in the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (1971-2015)

The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is known as the "Asian water tower", and its runoff, as an important and easily accessible water resource, supports the production and life of billions of people around, and supports the diversity of ecosystems. Accurately estimating the runoff of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and revealing the variation law of runoff are conducive to water resources management and disaster risk avoidance in the plateau and its surrounding areas. The glacier runoff segmentation data set covers the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from 1971 to 2015, with a time resolution of year by year, covering the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (the source of the Yellow River, the source of the Yangtze River, the source of the Lancang River, the source of the Nujiang River, and the source of the Yarlung Zangbo River), and the spatial resolution is the watershed. Based on multi-source remote sensing and measured data, it is simulated using the distributed hydrological model vic-cas coupled with the glacier module, The simulation results are verified with the measured data of the station, and all the data are subject to quality control.

0 2022-07-06

Physiological response of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus to drought stress

Through the observation of tissue sections of root system, stem and leaf of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, it is found that Ammopiptanthus mongolicus has morphological characteristics of efficient absorption, transportation and storage of water. Through the study of physiology and biochemistry of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, the physiological and molecular mechanism of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus adapting to water stress through osmotic adjustment under drought stress was preliminarily confirmed. Through the study of physiological characteristics of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus under drought conditions, the change rule of proline accumulation with the process of drought stress was found, which may participate in the regulation mechanism of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus adapting to water stress as an important osmotic regulator. Furthermore, 7 full-length genes involved in proline synthesis, metabolism and transport of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus were cloned and obtained.

0 2022-06-28

Snow water equivalent dataset for the High Asia Region (2002-2011)

Snow water equivalent (the product of snow depth and density) is an important factor reflecting the change in snow cover on the ground surface, and it is also an important parameter in surface hydrological models and climatic models. As the “Headwaters of Asia”, the Tibetan Plateau is the source of several major rivers, which are fed with glacier and snow meltwater. Based on the sensitivity of passive microwave radiation to snow, these monitoring data enable long-term inversion of snow water equivalents in the High Asia region. The data set includes daily snow water equivalent, monthly snow water equivalent and five-day snow water equivalent, and these data can be applied in analyses of local hydrology, animal husbandry production and other fields.

0 2022-06-24