The year-end ecological investigation was conducted in the late September and early October when plants stopped growing. There are 8 investigation and observation fields, they are: piedmont desert, piedmont Gobi, desert in the middle, Gobi in the middle reaches, desert in the middle reaches, downstream desert, downstream Gobi, and downstream desert, the size of each filed is 40m×40m. Three large quadrats of 20m×20m were selected in each observation field, named S1, S2, and S3, to conduce the regular shrub investigation; four small quadrats were selected from each large quadrat with a size of 5m×5m, named A, B, C, D, to conduct herbal investigation.

The micro-meteorological field is located in the grassland of Pailugou watershed of Qilian Mountain with an altitude of 2700m. The data were recorded from January 2011 to July 2012, and the time interval was half an hour, including 1.5m humidity, 3m temperature, 2.8m air pressure, 1.3m rainfall, 2.2m wind speed, 3.1m total radiation, the units are %, °C, Pa, m, m/s, W•M-2.

The runoff record of Pailugou watershed in the upper reaches of Heihe River, dated from January 2011 to September 2012. The data measuring device is the measuring weir at the exit of the small watershed, the unit of the data is m³/day.

The sampling and distribution of plant materials in the arid regions of the middle and lower reaches of Heihe River Basin. The plants are mainly shrubs and a few herbs. The numbering of plant materials is consistent with the morphological structural characteristics analysis table and is used in correspondence with each other.

The meteorological field is located at 3200m above sea level in Pailugou watershed of Qilian Mountain, which belongs to the high mountain forest line zone, the ecotone of Picea crassifolia forest and alpine shrub. This data set includes precipitation, air temperature, radiation, wind speed, etc., with units are mm, ℃, W/m^2 and m/s respectively. The date of data recording is from June 2012 to October 2013, in which the temperature data is partially missing due to the instrument.

This data includes animal products and labor prices; economic income structure, level and per capita net income; economic expenditure structure, productive and living expenditure structure; population composition, labor and household head age and education level; pasture area, grade, suitable stocking capacity; , livestock sheds, human and animal drinking water, pastoral roads, fence construction scale; maintenance scale, and livestock structure.

The “Eco-Hydrology Integrated Atlas of the Heihe River Basin ” was supported by the major program: Synthetic Research on the Eco-hydrological Process of the Heihe River Basin. It provided data collation and service for Synthetic Research on the Eco-hydrological Process of the Heihe River Basin. The Atlas will provide researchers with a comprehensive and detailed introduction of the background and basic data sets of the Heihe River Basin. Eco-Hydrology Integrated Atlas of the Heihe River Basin: Remote Sensing Mosaicing of the Heihe River Basin, scale 1:2500000, positive-axis equivalence conical projection, standard parallel: north latitude 25 47 Data source: Landsat TM Mosaic Image of the Heihe River Basin in 2010, Heihe River Basin Boundary,River Network Dataset of the Heihe River Basin, The Resident Site Distribution Data of the Heihe River Basin, etc.

This data was derived from "1: 100,000 Land Use Data of China". Based on Landsat MSS, TM and ETM remote sensing data, 1: 100,000 Land Use Data of China was compiled within three years by a remote sensing scientific and technological team of 19 research institutes affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was organized by the “Remote Sensing Macroinvestigation and Dynamic Research on the National Resources and Environment", one of the major application programs in Chinese Academy of Sciences during the "Eighth Five-year Plan". This data adopts a hierarchical land cover classification system, which divides the country into 6 first-class categories (cultivated land, forest land, grassland, water area, urban and rural areas, industrial and mining areas, residential land and unused land) and 31 second-class categories. This is the most accurate land use data product in our country at present. It has already played an important role in national land resources survey, hydrology and ecological research.

The VEGETATION sensor sponsored by the European Commission was launched by SPOT-4 in March 1998. Since April 1998, SPOTVGT data for global vegetation coverage observation has been received by Kiruna ground station in Sweden. The image quality monitoring center in Toulouse, France is responsible for image quality and provides relevant parameters (such as calibration coefficient). Finally, the Belgian flemish institute for technological research (Vito)VEGETATION processing Centre (CTIV) is responsible for preprocessing into global data of 1km per day. Pretreatment includes atmospheric correction, radiation correction, geometric correction, production of 10 days to maximize the synthesized NDVI data, setting the value of -1 to -0.1 to -0.1, and then converting to the DN value of 0-250 through the formula DN=(NDVI+0.1)/0.004. The data set is a subset extraction from China, including spectral reflectance of four bands synthesized every 10 days and 10 days' maximum NDVI. It is data from 1998 to 2007 with a spatial resolution of 1km and a temporal resolution of 10 days. File format: Hfr and img files. The file naming rule is: CHN _ NDV _ YYYMMDD, where YYYYMMDD is the date of the day represented by the file and is also the main identifier different from other files. The remote sensing image files with suffix. IMG and. HDF used by users to analyze vegetation index can be opened in ENVI and ERDAS software. Coordinate system and projection Plate_Carree (Lon/Lat) PROJ_CENTER_LON 0.000000 PROJ_CENTER_LAT 0.000000 PIXEL_SIZE_UNITS DEGREES/PIXEL PIXEL_SIZE_X 0.0089285714 PIXEL_SIZE_Y 0.0089285714 SEMI_AXIS_MAJ 6378137.000000 SEMI_AXIS_MIN 6356752.314000 UL_LON (DEG) 73.000000 UL_LAT (DEG) 54.000000 LR_LON (DEG) 135.500000 LR_LAT (DEG) 5.000000 Corner coordinates are: Corner Coordinates: Upper Left ( 69.9955357, 55.0044643) Lower Left ( 69.9955357, 14.9955358) Upper Right ( 137.0044641, 55.0044643) Lower Right ( 137.0044641, 14.9955358) Where Upper Left is the upper left corner, Lower Left is the lower left corner, Upper Right is the upper right corner, and Lower Right is the lower right corner.

This data is from "China 1:100,000 land use data".China 1:100,000 land use data was constructed in three years based on Landsat MSS, TM and ETM remote sensing data by using satellite remote sensing as a means to organize remote sensing science and technology teams from 19 institutes affiliated to the Chinese academy of sciences (cas) in the "eighth five-year plan" major application project "national macro survey and dynamic research on remote sensing of resources and environment". According to the 1:100,000 landuse data of gansu province, a hierarchical land cover classification system is adopted, which divides the whole country into 6 primary categories (arable land, forest land, grassland, water area, urban and rural areas, industrial and mining areas, residential land and unused land) and 31 secondary categories.It is the most accurate land use data product in China and has played an important role in national land resource survey, hydrological and ecological research.

This data set contains observation data of vegetation ecological properties in the middle and lower reaches of heihe river from January 1, 2015 to July 31, 2017. It contains 355 data, among which 208 are populus eupoplar and 147 are tamarisk.Ecological attributes include 4 groups of ecological parameters and a total of 15 categories of 74 indicators, as follows: Vegetation structure parameters (25 indicators in 5 categories) : Coverage: total coverage, three-layer coverage, average diameter of canopy; Height: three-layer height, canopy thickness, litter thickness, moss thickness, maximum root depth; Density: layer density and average diameter of trees; Leaf area index: maximum leaf area index and minimum leaf area index of three layers of trees and grass; Phenological stage: leaf spreading stage, leaf filling stage, leaf deciduous stage, complete deciduous stage. Vegetation productivity parameters (16 indicators in 3 categories) : Aboveground biomass: total biomass, three-layer stem biomass, leaf biomass; Root biomass: root biomass, 0-5, 5-15, 15-30, 30-50, 50-100, 100-250cm fine root biomass; Other biomass: litter layer, moss layer biomass and carbon storage. Physiological and ecological parameters (24 indicators in 4 categories) : Biomass distribution: proportion of rhizome and leaf distribution; Element content: carbon content of roots and leaves, carbon - nitrogen ratio, carbon content of litters, carbon content of moss; Blade shape: specific leaf area, blade length and width, leaf inclination; Characteristics of gas exchange: leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, air temperature, intercellular CO2 concentration, photosynthetic effective radiation, etc. Hydrological parameters of vegetation (3 categories and 9 indicators) : Redistribution of rainfall: maximum interception, canopy interception, rain penetration, trunk flow Yield flow: yield flow, yield coefficient; Evaporation: plant transpiration, soil evaporation, soil evaporation depth.

This data is from "China 1:100,000 land use data".China 1:100,000 land use data was constructed in three years based on Landsat MSS, TM and ETM remote sensing data by using satellite remote sensing as a means to organize remote sensing science and technology teams from 19 institutes affiliated to the Chinese academy of sciences (cas) in the "eighth five-year plan" major application project "national macro survey and dynamic research on remote sensing of resources and environment". According to the 1:100,000 land use data of gansu province, a hierarchical land cover classification system is adopted, which divides the whole country into 6 primary categories (arable land, forest land, grassland, water area, urban and rural areas, industrial and mining areas, residential land and unused land) and 31 secondary categories.It is the most accurate land use data product in China and has played an important role in national land resource survey, hydrological and ecological research.