The dataset of sun photometer observations was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental areas (N38°04′1.4″/E100°13′15.6″, 3414.41m) from Mar. 15 to Apr. 2, 2008 (to be specific, the daytime of 15-03-2008, 16-03-2008, 17-03-2008, 18-03-2008, 19-03-2008, 21-03-2008, 22-03-2008, 23-03-2008, 24-03-2008, 25-03-2008, 26-03-2008 and 27-03-2008). Those provide reliable data for retrieval of optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, column water vapor (through data in 936 nm) and with various parameters in 550nm, the horizontal visibility can be further developed by MODTRAN or 6S. The optical depth in 1640nm, 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm, 550nm, 440nm, 380nm and 340nm were all acquired. Those data include the raw data in .k7 and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. Accuracy of CE318 could be influenced by local air pressure, instrument calibration parameters, and convertion factors. (1) Most air pressure was derived from elevation-related empirical method, which was not reliable. For more accurate result, simultaneous data from the weather station are needed. (2) Errors in instrument calibration parameters need correcting. Thus field calibration based on Langly or interior instrument calibration in the standard light is required. (3) Convertion factors for retrieval of aerosol optical depth and the water vapor of the water vapor channel were also from the empirical method, and need further validation. Raw data were archived in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Preprocessed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. Langley was used for the instrument calibration. Two subfolders including raw data and processed data (Geometric Positions and the Total Optical Depth of Each Channel and Rayleigh Scattering and Aerosol Optical Depth of Each Channel), and three data files (Directions on Data Observations, Raw Data and Proprocessed Data) were archived.
FANG Li, SU Gaoli, LIU Qinhuo
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained along the sample lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the Linze grassland foci experimental area on May 25, 2008. Complementary measurements were carried out along Line 7 on Jun. 2. 25 points at intervals of 100m were selected at each line. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, the soil temperature, soil moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity measured by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm measured by the probe thermometer, and the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer in L1, L2, L3 and L4; soil volumetric moisture, soil conductivity, the soil temperature, and the real part of soil complex permittivity were measured by WET, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm measured by the probe thermometer, and the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer in L5 and L6; the soil temperature, soil moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm measured by the probe thermometer, and the surface radiative temperature measured by the hand-held infrared thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density measured by the cutting ring in L7. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CHAO Zhenhua, GE Chunmei, HAN Xujun, HUANG Chunlin, RAN Youhua, SONG Yi
The data set is based on the geodetic coordinate data and other auxiliary data of the corner points of 16 subsamples of super sample plots, the setting points of lidar base station of the foundation and the base points of each tree trunk measured by the total station. The data acquisition time of total station is from June 3, 2008 to June 12, 2008, which is divided into two groups. One total station is used respectively, with the models of topcon602 and topcon7002. A total of 1468 Picea crassifolia trees in the super sample plot were measured, and all the corner points of the sub sample plot and the top points of the stake set on the base station of lidar were located. These positioning results are the main data content of the dataset. In addition, on June 3, 2008, June 4, 2008, June 6, 2011, the differential GPS z-max was used to locate all the stake vertices. By manually measuring the height of each stake, the height of the surface under the stake was calculated, and finally the three-dimensional coordinate position of the surface of each tree and the topographic map of super sample plot were generated. These data constitute the secondary data of the dataset. This data set can provide detailed ground observation data for the establishment of real three-dimensional forest scene, the development and correction of various three-dimensional forest remote sensing models, and ground validation data for the extraction of airborne lidar forest parameters.
GUO Zhifeng, LIANG Dashuang, WANG Qiang, ZHANG Hao, CHEN Erxue, LIU Qingwang
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission and Envisat ASAR was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area on Jul. 11, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:26 BJT. The simultaneous ground data included the following items: (1) soil moisture (0-5cm) measured once by the cutting ring method at the corner points of the 40 subplots of the west-east desert transit zone strip , once by the cutting ring method in the nine subplots of the north-south desert transit zone, nine times in the LY06 and LY07 strips quadrates,and once by the cutting ring and once by ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in the Wulidun farmland. The preprocessed soil volumetric moisture data were archived as Excel files. (2) the surface radiative temperature measured by three handheld infrared thermometer (5# and 6# from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, and one from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, which were all calibrated) in LY06 and LY07 strips (49 points and repeated three times), and Wulidun farmland quadrates (various points and repeated three times). Data were archived as Excel files. (3) spectrum of maize, soil and soil with known moisture measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU and the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter) in Wulidun farmland. Raw spectral data were binary files , which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance (by ViewSpecPro) were archived as Excel files. (4) maize BRDF measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter), two observation platforms of BNU make and one of Institute of Remote Sensing Applications make in Wulidun farmland. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity were archived as text files (.txt). (5) LAI measured in the maize quadrate, poplar quadrate and desert scrub quadrate in Wulidun farmland, the desert transit zone strips and the poplar forest quadrate by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (in excel). (6) LAI of maize measured by LAI2000 in Linze station quadrates and Wulidun farmland quadrates. Data educed from LAI2000 periodically were archived as text files (.txt) and marked with one ID. Raw data (table of word and txt) and processed data (Excel) were included. Besides, observation time, the observation method and the repetition were all archived. (7) LAI measured by the ruler and the set square in B2 and B3 of Linze station quadrates. Data were archived as Excel files. See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
YU Yingjie, DING Songchuang, SONG Yi, WANG Yang, YAN Qiaodi, ZHU Shijie, XIE Tingting, JIANG Hao, LI Shihua, LIU Jun
This data set contains the data of meteorological element gradient observation system of the middle reaches of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015.The station is located in the farmland of daman irrigation district of zhangye city, gansu province.The longitude and latitude of the observation point are 100.3722e, 38.8555n and 1556m above sea level.The wind speed/direction, air temperature and relative humidity sensors are located at 3m, 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 30m and 40m respectively, with a total of 7 layers, facing due north.The barometer is installed at 2m;The tilting bucket rain gauge was installed at about 8m on the west side of the tower, with a height of 2.5m;The four-component radiometer is installed at 12m, facing due south;Two infrared thermometers are installed at 12m, facing due south and the probe facing vertically downward.Soil heat flow plate (self-calibration formal) (3 pieces) were buried in the ground 6cm in turn, 2m away from the tower body due south, two of which (Gs_2 and Gs_3) were buried between the trees, and one (Gs_1) was buried under the plants.The mean soil temperature sensor TCAV is buried 2cm and 4cm underground, facing due south and 2m away from the tower body.The soil temperature probe is buried at 0cm of the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground, 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The soil water sensor is buried 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground, 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The photosynthetic effective radiometer is installed at 12m with the probe facing vertically upward.Four other photosynthetically active radiometers were installed above and inside the canopy, 12m above the canopy (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), and 0.3m above the canopy (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), facing due south. The observation items are: wind speed (WS_3m, WS_5m, WS_10m, WS_15m, WS_20m, WS_30m, WS_40m) (unit: m/s), wind direction (WD_3m, WD_5m, WD_10m, WD_15m, WD_20m, WD_30m, WD_40m) (unit:Air temperature and humidity (Ta_3m, Ta_5m, Ta_10m, Ta_15m, Ta_20m, Ta_30m, Ta_40m and RH_3m, RH_5m, RH_10m, RH_15m, RH_20m, RH_30m, RH_40m) (unit: Celsius, percentage), air pressure (Press) (unit: hpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit:Watts/m2), surface radiant temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: Celsius), average soil temperature (TCAV) (unit: Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts/m2), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm) (unit:Soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm)Mmol/m s) and the upward and downward photosynthetic effective radiation (PAR_D_up, PAR_D_down) under the canopy (in mmol/m s). Processing and quality control of observed data :(1) ensure 144 pieces of data every day (every 10min), and mark by -6999 in case of data missing;The wind speed and direction of 3m and 5m were missing due to sensor problems between November 16 and November 25, 2015;(2) excluding the time with duplicate records;(3) data that obviously exceeds the physical significance or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked with red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) date and time have the same format, and date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: June 10, 2015, 10:30;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Liu et al. (2018), and for observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 11, 2008. The data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:26 BJT. Observations were carried out in the reed plot A, the saline plots B and C, the alfalfa plot D and the barley plot E, which were divided into 6×6 subsites, with each one spanning a 120×120 m2 plot. Soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by using the cutting ring, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and the canopy temperature and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer were measured in A, B and C; the soil temperature, soil moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the canopy temperature and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer in D and E. Data were archived in Excel file. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CAO Yongpan, CHAO Zhenhua, GE Chunmei, HU Xiaoli, HUANG Chunlin, LIU Chao, WU Yueru, SHEN Xinyi
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in L2, L4 and L5 of the A'rou foci experimental area on Mar. 19, 2008. The samples were collected every 100 m along the strip from south to north. In L2, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity were acquired by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). In L4, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity were acquired by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). In L5, soil volumetric moisture was acquired by ML2X, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). Surface roughness was detailed in the "WATER: Surface roughness dataset in the A'rou foci experimental area". Besides, GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) observations were also carried out in L6 and the handheld thermal imager observations in L4. Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval and validation of soil moisture and freeze/thaw status from active remote sensing approaches.
CAO Yongpan, GU Juan, HAN Xujun, LI Zhe, WANG Jianhua, Wang Weizhen, WU Yueru, ZHOU Hongmin, LI Hua, CHANG Cun, YU Meiyan, ZHAO Jin, PATRICK Klenk, SUN Jicheng, YAN Yeqing
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area on May 30, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) soil moisture (0-5cm) measured nine times by the cutting ring method (50cm^3) along LY07 and LY08 quadrates, and once by the cutting ring method and once by ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in the six points of Wulidun farmland quadrates. The preprocessed soil volumetric moisture data were archived as Excel files. (2) surface radiative temperature measured by two handheld infrared thermometer (5# and 6# from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute which were both calibrated) in the LY07 and LY08 quadrates (98 sample points and repeated three times) and the Wulidun farmland quadrates (various points and repeated three times). Data were archived as Excel files. (3) spectrum of maize, soil and soil with known moisture measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU,and the 40% reference board in Wulidun farmland quadrate and the desert transit zone strips. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance were archived as Excel files. (4) maize BRDF measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, the 40% reference board, two observation platforms of BNU make and one of Institute of Remote Sensing Applications make in Wulidun farmland quadrate and the desert transit zone strips. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files , which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity (read by ViewSpecPro) were archived as text files (.txt). (5) LAI of maize, poplar and the desert scrub measured by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards in Wulidun farmland quadrate I, the desert transit zone and the poplar forest. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (in excel). (6) LAI measured by the ruler and the set square in D and H quadrates of the Wulidun farmland. Part of the samples were also measured by LI-3100 and compared with those by manual work for further correction. Data were archived as Excel files. See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
LI Jing, Li Xiangyun, Qu Yonghua, SUN Qingsong, GAO Song, HAO Xiaohua, PAN Xiaoduo, Qian Jinbo, SONG Yi, WANG Yang, ZHU Shijie, GONG Hao, ZHU Man
SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) is by NASA and the national geospatial intelligence agency (NGA) cooperation to build the global 3 d graphics data project.In February 2000, the SRTM system mounted on the U.S. space shuttle endeavour collected radar image data between latitude 60 ° north and latitude 57 ° south, and acquired radar image data covering more than 80% of the world's land surface.After more than two years of processing, the digital terrain elevation model was made. This data set including the heihe river basin SRTM points picture and Mosaic two kinds of data, and the points of the graph is SRTM version 4 data by the CGIAR - CSI (international centre for tropical agriculture, http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/) treatment, compared with the previous version has greatly improved, including: 1) use a lot of interpolation algorithm, 2) use more auxiliary DEM data to fill the blank spots and blank area, 3) compared with the third version of the data and migration half a yuan.The Mosaic map is obtained by splicing on the basis of sub-map. The sub-charts include srtm_56_04,srtm_56_05,srtm_57_04 and srtm_57_054. The data are 16 bit values representing the elevation value (-/+/32767 m). The maximum positive elevation is 9000 m and the maximum negative elevation is 12,000 m below sea level.Null data is identified by -32767.Divide the file into 24 rows (-60 to 60 degrees) and 72 columns (-180 to 180 degrees) per 5 latitude and longitude squares.
TYLER B. STEVENS
The data set include crop biomass observed at four sample regions, that is the soil moisture control experimental field at Daman county, and the EC plots, the super station, and Shiqiao sample plots at Wuxing village in Zhangye city. 1) Objective Crop biomass, a key biophysical parameter, was observed for calibration and validation of crop growth model and the retrieval of other biophysical parameters as well as the application in eco-hydrological models. 2) Measurement instrument: Electronic balance (±0.1g) and oven. 3) Measurement site a. the soil moisture control experimental field at Daman county, Twelve soil water treatments are set. The wheat biomass for each treatment is measured on 17, 23 and 29 May, and 3, 9, 14 and 24 June, and 5 and 12 July. b. the EC site Maize biomass at 14 EC site (EC-2,EC-3,EC-5,EC-6,EC-7,EC-8,EC-9, EC-10, EC-11, EC-12, EC-13, EC-14, EC-15, EC-16) are measured on 14, 21, 25 and 31 May, 7, 13, 23 and 28 June, 3, 13, 18 and 23 July, 3, 12 and 28 August. c. the super station Maize biomass at the super station is measured on 22 and 28 May, 5, 11, 18, and 25 June, and 1, 8, 15, 22 and 31 July, 9, 15 and 22 August, and 3 and 11 September. d. the Shiqiao sample site Maize biomass at the Shiqiao village is measured on 17, 22 and 28 May, 4, 11, 17 and 25 June, 1, 8, 15, 22, and 30 July, 8, 16 and 27 August, and 9 September. 4) Data processing The observational data was recorded in the sheets and reorganized in the EXCEL sheets.
Xu Fengying, Wang Jing, Ma Chunfeng, Huang Yongsheng, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The dataset of the drop spectrometer (PARSIVEL) observations was obtained at an interval of 30 seconds in the arid region hydrology experiment area from May 18 to Jul. 5, 2008. The site was chosen in Xiaoman township (38.86°N, 100.41°E, 1515m), Ganzhou district, Zhangye city, Gansu province. The data mainly included the raindrop grain size and the terminal velocity. Besides, dual polarized radar (X-band) parameters such as ZDR and KDR could be further developed based on those data. The sampling area of PARSIVEL was 5400mm^2; the liquid grain diameter was from 0.2-5mm, and the solid grain diameter was from 0.2-25mm.
CHU Rongzhong, ZHAO Guo, HU Zeyong, ZHANG Tong, JIA Wei
The dateset of soil texture measurements was obtained by the pipette method in the Biandukou and A'rou foci experimental area. Observation items were mainly the soil texture and the soil temperature. Data were archived as Excel files. Sampling locations were not recorded.
PAN Jinmei, ZHAO Shaojie
This dataset includes seven scenes; two scenes cover the Dayekou catchment on (yy-mm-dd) 2012-08-19 and 2012-08-28, one scene covers the airport desert experimental site on 2012-06-29, three scenes cover the Daman foci experimental area on 2012-06-21, 2012-07-10 and 2012-08-27, and one scene covers the natural oasis eco-hydrology experimental area in the lower reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The data were all acquired around 9:00 (BJT) of full swath mode with data product of Level 1A. PROBA CHRIS dataset was acquired through the European Space Agency (ESA)-Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) Cooperative Dragon 2 (project ID: 5322) and Dragon 3 (project ID: 10649) Programme.
ESA-MOST cooperative Dragon programme(No. 5322，10649)
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with ASTER was obtained in the saline plot B, the alfalfa plot D and the barley plot E of the Linze grassland foci experimental area on May 28, 2008. 49 points at intervals of 60m in each plot (360m×360m) were selected and observation items included: (1) the land surface radiative temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer from east to west in the saline plot B, the alfalfa plot D and the alfalfa plot E. Each point was numbered, such as D22-23, indicating from No. 22 to 23 in the alfalfa plot D. In the salineplot B, 5 measurements were carried out each 5m; in the alfalfa plot D and the barley plot E, measurements were at random. Calibration information was archived in the hand-held infrared thermometer calibration.xls. (2) soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying measured by the cutting ring and the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm measured by the probe thermometer in plot B; the soil temperature, soil moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity measured by the POGO soil sensor, and the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm measured by the probe thermometer in plot D; soil moisture, soil conductivity, the soil temperature, and the real part of soil complex permittivity were measured by WET, and the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer in plot E. Six Excel files on soil moisture and the land surface radiative temperature in plot B, D and E were archived. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CAO Yongpan, CHAO Zhenhua, GE Chunmei, HAN Xujun, HAO Xiaohua, HUANG Chunlin, LIANG Ji, MA Mingguo, WANG Shuguo, WU Yueru, FENG Lei, YU Fan
The dateset of spectral reflectance observations was obtained by ASD Fieldspec FRTM (Boulder, Co, USA, 350nm-2500nm, 3nm for the visible near-infrared band and 10nm for the shortwave infrared band) in the Biandukou foci experimental area from Mar. 7 to 21, 2008. Those provide reliable ground data for objects modelling and background modelling, remote sensing image simulation and scaling. Spectrum of dry and wet soil, the straw, the snow-covered land and the grassland was measured on Mar. 7 and the snow spectrum was measured on Mar. 21. The quadrates of 90m×90m and 450m×450m were compartmentalized into 81 subgrids of 10m×10m and 50m×50m. Based on the resolution of 30m×30m and 150m×150m, the influence of adjacent eight pixels on the center pixel was studied. Section lines of each subgrid were adopted to acquire the pixel spectrum, which were measured more than once for the mean value. The spectrum data were archived in the ASCII format, with the first five rows as the file header and the following two columns as wavelength (nm) and reflectance (percentage) respectively. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro).
CHANG Yan, QU Ying, LIANG Xingtao, LIU Zhigang, PENG Danqing, REN Huazhong
This dataset includes one scene acquired on (yy-mm-dd) 2012-07-25, covering the natural oasis eco-hydrology experimental area in the lower reaches of the Heihe River Basin. This datum contains panchromatic and multi-spectral bands, with spatial resolution of 0.6 m and 2.4 m, respectively. The data product level of this image is Level 2A. QuickBird dataset was acquired through purchase.
LI Xin
The dataset includes the fractional vegetation cover data generated from the stations of crop land, wetland, Gebi desert and desert steppe in Yingke Oasis and biomass data generated from the stations of crop land (corn) and wetland. The observations lasted for a vegetation growth cycle from 19 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012. 1. Fractional vegetation cover observation 1.1 Observation time 1.1.1 Station of the crop land: The observations lasted from 20 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012, and in five-day periods for each observation before 31 July and in ten-day periods for each observation after 31 July. The observation time for the station of crop land (corn) are 2013-5-20, 2013-5-25, 2013-5-30, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-10, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-22, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-2, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-12, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 1.1.2 The other four stations: The observations lasted from 20 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012 and in ten-day periods for each observation. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-5-20, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 1.2 method 1.2.1 Instruments and measurement method Digital photography measurement is implemented to measure the FVC. Plot positions, photographic method and data processing method are dedicatedly designed. In field measurements, a long stick with the camera mounted on one end is beneficial to conveniently measure various species of vegetation, enabling a larger area to be photographed with a smaller field of view. The stick can be used to change the camera height; a fixed-focus camera can be placed at the end of the instrument platform at the front end of the support bar, and the camera can be operated by remote control. 1.2.2 Design of the samples Three and two plots with the area of 10×10 m^2 were measured for the station of the crop land and wetland, respectively. One plot with the area of 10×10 m^2 was measured for the other three stations. Shoot 9 times along two perpendicularly crossed rectangular-belt transects. The picture generated of each time is used to calculate a FVC value. “True FVC” of the plot is then acquired as the average of these 9 FVC values. 1.2.3 Photographic method The photographic method used depends on the species of vegetation and planting pattern. A long stick with the camera mounted on one end is used for the stations of crop land and wetland. For the station of the crop land, rows of more than two cycles should be included in the field of view (<30), and the side length of the image should be parallel to the row. If there are no more than two complete cycles, then information regarding row spacing and plant spacing are required. The FVC of the entire cycle, that is, the FVC of the quadrat, can be obtained from the number of rows included in the field of view. For other three stations, the photos of FVC were obtained by directly photographing for the lower heights of the vegetation. 1.2.4 Method for calculating the FVC The FVC calculation was implemented by the Beijing Normal University. The detail method can be found in the reference below. Many methods are available to extract the FVC from digital images, and the degree of automation and the precision of identification are important factors that affect the efficiency of field measurements. This method, which is proposed by the authors, has the advantages of a simple algorithm, a high degree of automation and high precision, as well as ease of operation (see the reference). 2. Biomass observation 2.1. Observation time 2.1.1 Station of the crop land: The observations lasted from 20 May 2012 to 15 September 2012, and in five-day periods for each observation before 31 July and in ten-day periods for each observation after 31 July. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-5-25, 2013-5-30, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-10, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-22, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-2, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-12, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 2.1.2 The station of wetland: The observations lasted from 20 May 2012 to 15 September 2012, and in ten-day periods for each observation. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-6-5, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 2.2. Method Station of the crop land: Three plots were selected and three strains of corn for each observation were random selected for each plot to measure the fresh weight (the aboveground biomass and underground biomass) and dry weight. Per unit biomass can be obtained according to the planting structure. Station of the wetland: Two plots of reed with the area of 0.5 m × 0.5 m were random selected for each observation. The reed of the two plots was cut to measure the fresh weight (the aboveground biomass) and dry weight. 2.3. Instruments Balance (accuracy 0.01 g); drying oven 3. Data storage All observation data were stored in excel. Other data including plant spacing, row spacing, seeding time, irrigation time, the time of cutting male parent and the harvest time of the corn for the station of cropland were also stored in the excel.
GENG Liying, Jia Shuzhen, Li Yimeng, MA Mingguo
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 4, 2008. Simultaneous ground observations on the land surface radiative temperature, the soil temperature and soil moisture were carried out along sampling stripes of newL1-newL12 (each has five points). At each point, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the canopy temperature and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer were measured. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
GE Chunmei, HU Xiaoli, HUANG Chunlin, LI Hongxing, WANG Xufeng, ZHU Shijie, Wang Jing
The dateset of sun photometer observations was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from Mar. 7 to 17, 2008, simultaneous with MODIS and TM. Those provide reliable data for atmosphere correction of the same period in this area. Atmospheric parameters were measured by CE318. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired. Column water vapor can also be retrieved according to data in 936 nm. The dataset archived in txt files includes processed data on Mar. 7, 14 and 17 respectively.
SU Gaoli
This data is based on the 1:50,000 and 1:100,000 base maps of hexi and ejin by lanzhou institute of desert research, Chinese academy of sciences, and compiled by supplementary investigation.(1) land type map of zhangye region of gansu province and alashan right banner of Inner Mongolia (Chen longheng, 1:250,000);(2) soil map of beidahe river basin (li fuxing, Yang constituent system, 1:100,000);(3) land type map of ejin banner delta in Inner Mongolia (ejin banner delta research team, lanzhou desert research institute, Chinese academy of sciences, 1:250,000).The drawing USES the basic map data, the field route investigation mainly, the aerial photograph, the guardian photograph interpretation combination method.This chart by li fuxing, qiu baoming compilation, zhang ziyu participated in the work;Drawing for peng shilong, wang xizhang, guo yingsheng.The soil classification research group of nanjing institute of soil research, Chinese academy of sciences and li jin provided the classification and mapping specifications.According to the Chinese soil classification system and the field conditions, the soil in heihe river basin is divided into 8 soil classes, 12 subclasses, 23 soil classes and 60 subclasses.Its purpose is to reflect the main soil types, combinations and distribution rules of the region, and reflect the regional characteristics of the soil, comprehensively demonstrate the generalization of soil resources, and provide the basic scientific basis for the estimation and evaluation of the quantity and quality of land resources, the rational utilization of land resources and the rational redistribution of water resources basins.See attachment for soil data type attributes.
LI Fuxing, LIU Chao
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