This dataset is collected from the Supplementary Materials part of the paper: Gao, S., Zhou, T., Yi, C., Shi, P., Fang, W., Liu, R., Liang, E., & Julio Camarero, J. (2020). Asymmetric impacts of dryness and wetness on tree growth and forest coverage. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 288-289, 107980. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107980. In this paper the researchers took forests in the semi-arid area of the Colorado Plateau in the southwest USA as the research object, comprehensively applied a large amount of tree ring width data, combined with remote sensing forest coverage data, they explored the legacy effect under the influence of the interannual water deficit by designing "natural experiments" at the regional scale, and compared the similarities and differences of the effect of the interannual water status changes on the tree ring width and forest coverage. The study found that the water status in the year when the tree ring was formed can significantly affect the duration and intensity of the legacy effect, and the response of the tree ring width and forest coverage to the interannual water status is different. This data contains ring-width indices (RWI) of 357 sample sites in 111-hydrological year (i.e., for 1902–2012) and annual water deficit anomaly (Dya) that matched to RWI. The tree-ring database used in this research was composed of 357 standard chronologies of three major species (Pinus edulis Engelm., Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the study region, spanning from 1902 to 2012, resulting in a total of 29,969 site-years. A total of 357 tree-ring width chronologies of three major tree species were obtained from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring). To transform tree-ring width data into ring-width indices (RWI), long-term trends caused by aging and increasing trunk diameter were mostly removed by negative exponential curves using the ARSTAN program (Cook, 1985). After performing standardization, all chronologies were scaled to a standard mean (RWI = 1000) with a comparable variance to reduce the spatial heterogeneity among these tree-ring sites. In this research, researchers used annual water deficit anomaly (Dya) to explore the impact of water deficit variability on tree radial growth and growth legacies. They matched gridded Dya to RWIs. For tree-ring chronologies within the same grid, they averaged them for each year to reduce bias caused by the rough resolution of climate data. The data is 1 Excel workbooks, Ring-width indices and annual water deficit anomaly (1902-2012), which contains 3 worksheets as follows: raw_data processed_data variables The data contains the following fields: sitename: the name of tree-ring sampled site Year: the tree-ring formation year RWI: ring-width indices latitude: the latitude of tree-ring sampled site lontitude: the lontitude of tree-ring sampled site altitude: the altitude of tree-ring sampled site lon Grid no.: the lontitude grid number of tree-ring sampled site lat Grid no.: the latitude grid number of tree-ring sampled site Dya_3: water deficit anomaly of the 3rd year before the tree-ring formation year (i.e. "Year" column) Dya_2: water deficit anomaly of the 2nd year before the tree-ring formation year (i.e. "Year" column) Dya_1: water deficit anomaly of the 1st year before the tree-ring formation year (i.e. "Year" column) Dya_curr: water deficit anomaly of the tree-ring formation year (i.e. "Year" column) Dya_std: the standard deviation of 111-hydrological year (i.e., for 1902–2012) averaged annual water deficit of the grid
GAO Shan
Data content: Standard ring-width chronology derived from Wilson juniper shrub around the northern shore of the Nam Co Lake; May-June SZI (Standardized Moisture Anomaly Index) drought reconstruction for the Nam Co region. Time span: 1605 to 2010. Temporal resolution: Yearly. Application and prospects: Hydroclimate study on the south-central Tibetan Plateau.
LU Xiaoming, HUANG Ru, WANG Yafeng, ZHANG Baoqing, ZHU Haifeng, CAMARERO J. Julio, LIANG Eryuan
Data set contains tree age of trees growing at different glacier moraines in the central Himalayas. The data were obtained using tree ring samples. Cores samples were collected (almost near to the ground level to estimate the minimum age of the related moraine) using an increment borer. Samples were processed by using standard dendrochronological techniques.
SIGDEL Shalik Ram, ZHNAG Hui, ZHU Haifeng, SHER Muhammad, LIANG Eryuan
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau and Hexi corridor, we discovered more than 40 Neolithic and Bronze Age sites, including Zongri, Sanjiaocheng, Huoshiliang, Ganggangwa, Yigediwonan, Shaguoliang, Guandi, Maolinshan, Dongjicuona, Nuomuhong, Qugong, Liding and so on. In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant fossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating, optically stimulated luminescence dating, stable carbon, nitrogen isotopes, polle, fungal sporen and environmental proxies. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the Neolithic and Bronze Age.
YANG Xiaoyan, Lü Hongliang, LIU Xiangjun, HOU Guangliang
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil-gas geological research in Pan third pole in recent years, including basic materials such as stratum, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil-gas (potash) geology, especially paleomagnetism and paleogenesis On the basis of zircon and geochemical data, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate palaeogeographic pattern of Jurassic period are restored and reconstructed, and the paleogeographic map of lithofacies and climate of Pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) and pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) are obtained, aiming to discuss paleogeography and paleostructure The control and influence of paleoclimate on oil and gas (including potash) resources, in order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution rules of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration and deployment in China.
LI Yalin
Black carbon is an important light absorbing substance, which has an important impact on climate change. This data set contains the data of black carbon concentration and sedimentation flux in the core of six lakes (gun Yong lake, Tanggula lake, linggecuo, Ranwu lake, gokyo, gosainkunda) on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the south slope of the Himalayas. The carbon concentration of Huxin black was determined by digestion filtration thermoluminescence method. This dataset is an excel file, which can be opened directly by using Excel. This data set is helpful to study the history of atmospheric black carbon deposition in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas and to further analyze the sources of atmospheric black carbon. It can be used as the basic data for the study of atmospheric black carbon transport and climate effect assessment.
KANG Shichang
Cenozoic sedimentary strata, which have been extensively developed in the low Himalaya region of western Nepal, provide an opportunity to study the dynamics of plateau uplift and the effects of climate and environment. According to a detailed field explored in the region nearly 10 sections, we found that a typical Cenozoic strata in the area is mainly composed of passive continental margin sedimentary of India's Tansen group and the Himalayas of foreland basin of Siwalik group, thickness of the Tansen group of 2000-3000 m, bottom-up Cenozoic strata, including the Amile group (Amile), and Bhainskati group (Bhainskati), Dumri group (Dumri); The Siwalik group, up to 4000m-6000m, is mainly composed of the lower, middle and upper west Siwalik. Cenozoic strata in Butwal section (309 m, including Amile and upper Bhainskati formation), Tulsipur section (357 m, including the top of Amile group and Bhainskati group formation) and Kalyan section (1161 m, including upper Bhainskati group formation and Dumri formation) are well exposed. High precise (with 1 m spacing) paleomagnetic chronology and environmental proxies samples collected in those three sections. By giving the precise stratigraphic age and paleoenvironmental data, it is of great significance to explore whether the north-south monsoon and drought events on the plateau are coupled and synchronized, and to reveal their relationship with the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and global change.
ZHANG Weilin
1) Data content: this data is the DNA data of the paleoenvironmental sediments generated from the study of four archaeological sites in the downstream of Yarlung Zangbo River in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including Changguogou, Liding, Liena and, Qugong. It includes the sequence of Hiseqx metagenomic data of 10 samples of the paleoenvironmental sediments in four archaeological sites. It can be used to study the research methods and feasibility of the ancient environment DNA in the archaeological sites of the Tibet Plateau and its possible important role in the research of the ancient agricultural development processes. 2) Data source and processing method: it is the own data of our research group, and the data is detected by using the pair-end library building method and Illumina Hiseqx sequencing method. 3) Data quality: 279M data volume, Q30 > 85%. 4) Achievements and prospects of data application: data are used to reveal the ancient agriculture in the Tibet Plateau at the level of ancient environmental DNA.
YANG Xiaoyan
This data is the grain size data set of the XS loess section at Ganzi in the east of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The whole section is 10 meters thick, and the grain size analysis is carried out according to the interval of 2.5cm. A total of 398 groups of grain size data are obtained. The grain size analysis was carried out at the Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems（Ministry of Education), Lanzhou University. Before the measurement, the organic matter and carbonate in the sample were removed by H2O2 and hydrochloric acid, then adding the sodium hexago-hydrophosphate and vibrating for about 10 min to disperse samples by using ultrasonic apparatus. All measurements are conducted by using the Mastersizer 2000. This data reflects variations of the loess grain size since the last interglacial, which is of great importance for understanding past evionroment changes in the eastern Tibet Plateau.
YANG Shengli
This magnetic susceptibility data set of the XS loess section at Ganzi in the eastern Tibet Plateau. We analyzed the magnetic susceptibility of the top part of the loess sequence at 5cm intervals, and obtained 200 sets of magnetic susceptibility data. The experimental analysis was completed in the Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems（Ministry of Education), Lanzhou University. Air-dried and grind the samples were put it into a non-magnetic cubic box, and measured by the British Bartington MS2. The result indicates the varations of the low frequency magnetic susceptibility of the Loess sequence since the Last Interglacial at Ganzi area, which is of great importance for understanding past environment changes in the eastern Tibet Plateau.
YANG Shengli
The climate model used is a fast air sea coupled model (famous) developed jointly by the British meteorological agency and the University of England. In the famous model, the horizontal resolution of the atmospheric model is 5 °× 7.5 ° and there are 11 layers in the vertical direction; the horizontal resolution of the ocean model is 2.5 °× 3.75 ° and there are 20 layers in the vertical direction. The atmosphere and the ocean are coupled once a day without flux adjustment
LI Xinzhou
This data set comes from shallow marine carbonate sections at Tingri and Gamba, south Tibet. The age of these samples is about 56 Ma (at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary). At Tingri, we studied two parallel sections (13ZS section and 10-11TM section), and at Gamba, we studied one section (11TMG). From the 13ZS section, we analyzed carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and calcium carbonate content of the whole carbonate rock, as well as the in-situ carbon isotopic compositions and element contents of the foraminifera shell. From the 10-11TM section, we analyzed carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopic compositions of the whole rock. From the 11TMG section, we analyzed carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of the whole carbonate rock. Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of the whole rock were measured by gas isotope mass spectrometer (MAT251), strontium isotope by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), calcium carbonate content by acid dissolution, in-situ carbon isotopic compositions by SIMS, and in-situ element contents by LA-ICPMS. Among these data, in-situ carbon isotope data were obtained from the laboratory of Professor John Valley at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, and the rest are from the relevant laboratories of the Department of Geosciences at the University of Bremen in Germany. Based on these data, we published three peer-reviewed papers on Journals of Gondwana Research, GSA Bulletin, and Global and Planetary Change.
ZHANG Qinghai
The data include the carbonate content, carbon isotope and oxygen isotope analysis results of inorganic carbonates of 79 samples from 850 m natural section of the middle late Eocene in the salkuli basin. The carbon and oxygen isotopes of carbonate in the sediments record the hydrological and vegetation information in the geological history, which is one of the main indicators of paleoenvironmental tracer research. After grinding and sieving, the carbon and oxygen isotope analysis is completed by the sample processing unit (carbonate device) and MAT252 isotope mass spectrometry online automatic online system. The analytical accuracy of the sample is: carbon isotope is better than ± 0.06 ‰, and oxygen isotope is better than ± 0.08 ‰. Through the analysis of carbon and oxygen isotope data of solkuli section, the evolution history of arid environment since Eocene can be reconstructed, and the paleoclimate effect of the Tibetan Plateau uplift and global climate change can be discussed.
SUN Jimin
This dataset includes few pollen data and high-resolution microcharcoal dataset in a ~4000 m-thick sedimentary outcrops retrieved from the Huatutou, Qaidam Basin. Pollen data from the sediment are rare, only 15 samples got enough pollen grains for pollen assemblages division and analysis, the results indicates that during the early period, the vegetation are favor a relatively warm and wet climate correlated with the global warming stages (only ice-sheet accumulated in the Antarctic), then along with the global cooling, the xerophytic taxa increased and the vegetation types became similar than before. Sedimentary microcharcoals from fine grains (e.g., mudstone, siltstone and sandstone) are one of the typical wildfire proxies commonly used in paleoclimatic studies, as they have the potential to record past variations in wildfire history related with the vegetation and precipitation. The sediment samples were grounded and treated with 10% HCl and 40% HF to remove carbonates and silica. Separation of the microcharcoals from the residue was accomplished using a 10-lm nylon sieve. Finally, they were mounted in glycerin jelly. Based on the data of outcrops in the Qaidam Basin, the evolution history of wildfire and arid environment together vegetation in the west Qaidam Basin since the early Oligocene can be reconstructed, allowing further exploring of trends, variability and mechanisms of vegetation and wildfire history.
MIAO Yunfa
The data of triode ice core mainly comes from NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core). The original data is mainly in text format, which is provided by relevant units and researchers voluntarily. The data mainly includes the original observation data such as oxygen isotope, greenhouse gas concentration, ice core age, etc., as well as the historical temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and methane concentration produced by the researchers according to the observation data. The data are mainly divided into Antarctic, Arctic, Greenland and the third polar region. The database includes drilling address, time, derivative products, corresponding observation site data, references and other elements. Derivative products include product name, type, time and other elements. The space location is divided into the south pole, the north pole and the third pole, including Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland and other regions. After sorting and post-processing the collected data, the ice core database is established by using the access database management system of Microsoft office. According to the Antarctic, Arctic, Greenland and the third pole, it is divided into four sub databases. The first table in each database is readme, which contains information and references of each data table.
YE Aizhong
This project is based on the data of bioactive elements such as Fe in miaergou ice core (94 ° 19 ′ e, 43 ° 03 ′ n, 4518 m) of the East Tianshan Mountains, and rebuilt the metal element history of 1956-2004. Data content: 1956-2004 ice core metal elements (including Fe, CD, Pb, as, Ba, Al, s, Mn, CO and Ni); data source, through ICP-MS test; data quality: blank sample is significantly lower than sample value, with better quality; data application results and prospects: data has been published, see Du, Z., Xiao, C., Zhang, W., Handley, M. J., mayewski, P. A., Liu, Y., & Li, X. (20. 19). Iron record associated with sandstorms in a central Asian shallow ice core spanning 1956-2004. Atmospheric environment, 203, 121-130. It can provide comparative study of other ice cores in Central Asia.
Du Zhiheng
This data was reconstructed based on the history of perchlorate from 1956 to 2004 in Miaoergou ice core (94°19 'E,43°03 'N, 4518 m) in east Tianshan mountain. Data content: perchlorate from 1956 to 2004 (including: Cl-, NO3- and SO42-). Data was measured by ESI-MS/MS; Data quality: the blank sample was significantly lower than the sample values, and the quality was good. Data application result and prospect: The data has been published, the detailed information can be found in the published paper. Zhiheng Du, Cunde Xiao, Vasile I. Furdui C,Wangbin Zhang. (2019). The perchlorate record during 1956–2004 from Tienshan ice core, East Asia. Science of the Total Environment. Time range and resolution: 1956-2004 AD, and annual resolution.
Du Zhiheng
Luanhaizi borehole (LHZ18) was obtained by huangxiaozhong research group of Lanzhou University in August 2018. This data is geochemical element data of 0-859 cm core of Luanhaizi Lake in Qilian Mountains. The experiment was completed in the Key Laboratory of Western Ministry of environmental education of Lanzhou University. This data provides long series and high-resolution geochemical element content. The data comes from core scanning, continuous elemental content changes were obtained 0-829 cm through element change and the field records. The data provided long-time-scale elemental content changes of lakes in Qilian Mountains, and played an important role in the study of paleoclimate and Paleoenvironment in the long time series of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
HUANG Xiaozhong, ZHANG Jun, WANG Jiale, REN Xiuxiu, SUN Mingjie, XIANG Lixiong
Luanhaizi Borehole (LHZ18) was acquired by Huang Xiaozhong Research Group of Lanzhou University in August 2018. This data is 0-859 cm grain size data of the core of Luanhaizi Lake in Qilian Mountains. Grain size analysis was carried out at 0-4 m according to one sample, and grain size analysis was carried out at on ssample interval at the depth of 4-8.6 m, totaling 390 data were obtained. The experiment was completed in the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Environmental Education of Lanzhou University, and grain size analysis was carried out with Mastersizer 2000 instrument. The data reflected the grain size change of the lake sediment, which is very important for the study of long-time series eolian activities in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
HUANG Xiaozhong, ZHANG Jun, WANG Jiale, REN Xiuxiu, SUN Mingjie, XIANG Lixiong
This dataset is collected from the Supplementary Materials part of the paper "Chen, F.H., Dong, G.H., Zhang, D.J., Liu, X.Y., Jia, X., An, C.B., Ma, M.M., Xie, Y.W., Barton, L., Ren, X.Y., Zhao, Z.J., & Wu, X.H. (2015). Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP. Science, 347, 248–250.". In this paper, researchers analyzed animal bones, plant remains and other artefacts from 53 sites across the northeastern Tibetan plateau and found that humans began to relocate to the elevations above 4000 masl after the emergence of Barley. According to the study, the prehistoric human expansion into the higher, colder altitudes of the Tibetan plateau took place as the continental temperatures had themselves become colder after 3,600 calendar years before the present, thus, the key impetus of the expansion was agricultural innovation rather than climate change. This dataset contains 4 tables, table names and content are as follows: Data list: The data name list of the rest tables; t1: Calibrated radiocarbon dates and domesticated plant and animal remains from sites investigated on the NETP; t2: Radiocarbon dates of the Paleolithic sites on the Tibetan Plateau; t3: OSL dates of the Paleolithic sites on the Tibetan Plateau. See attachments for data details: Supplementary Materials.pdf, Agriculture Facilitated Permanent Human Occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3,600 BP.pdf.
CHEN Fahu
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