The dataset is from the transient experiment TRN40ka in Zhang et al (2021, Nature Geoscience), spanning 40ka-32ka BP with changing orbital parameters. For detailed description of experimental design, please refer to the original paper. Model details: COSMOS (ECHAM5-JSBACH-MPI-OM), a comprehensive fully coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model (AOGCM), is used to generate the dataset. The atmospheric model ECHAM5, complemented by the land surface component JSBACH, is used at T31 resolution (∼3.75°), with 19 vertical layers. The ocean model MPI-OM, including sea-ice dynamics that is formulated using viscous-plastic rheology, has a resolution of GR30 (3°×1.8°) in the horizontal, with 40 uneven vertical layers.
ZHANG Xu
Airborne pollen is mainly produced and disseminated during the process of plant flowering, controlled by plant phenology and climatic conditions. As an important bioindicator of plant behavior, airborne pollen can supply information about reproductive phenology, climate and atmospheric circulations. From 2011 to 2013, airborne pollen samples were collected using a volumetric Burkard pollen trap at the Qomolangma Station for Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (QOMS, 28.21°N, 86.56°E; 4276 m a.s.l.), on the northern slope of the Himalayas. The sampler is a volumetric air-suction device capable of continuously gathering pollen and spore particles. Air is drawn in at a speed of 10 l/min, and airborne particles are deposited on a sticky tape mounted on a drum that makes one complete rotation per week. The tape is changed weekly after a complete rotation. Then, the tape is removed and cut into seven pieces, with each piece representing one day of sampling. The pieces are mounted on slides using glycerin and safranin. Identification and counting of pollen grains were performed under an Olympus BX41 microscope at 400× magnification; all pollen grains on each slide were counted . Pollen concentration was expressed as the daily pollen grains per cubic meter of air using a constant air intake speed of 10 l/min. The pollen concentration and percentage of each pollen taxon in each year were calculated. The pollen sampling and lab process were followed the standard methods to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the data. The pollen data can provides insights into vegetation response to climate change and has significance for interpreting fossil pollen records.
LÜ Xinmiao
This data set contains oxygen isotope data from 1010 to 2005. It is used to study environmental changes in the Xixiabangma area of the Tibetan Plateau. The ice core oxygen isotope is measured by instrument. This data set is obtained from laboratory measurements. The data are obtained immediately after the completion of the instrument or experiment. The samples and data are collected in strict accordance with relevant operating procedures at all stages and comply with the laboratory operating standards. This data contains two fields: Field 1: The time AD. Field 2: The oxygen isotope ‰.
TIAN Lide
This data set contains stable oxygen isotope data of daily precipitation in Lulang, Nuxia, and Guangzhou from 2007 to 2014. The precipitation data of the Lulang station are obtained via automatic weather station (AWS) rain gauges, and the precipitation data for Guangzhou and Nuxia are the manual records of meteorological or hydrological stations. Project source of the data: the general project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Exploring the impact of ENSO on the source of water vapor in the north and south of the ‘third pole' through stable isotope of precipitation and ice core” (41571074). Data processing related information can be found in the following reference: Yang, X, Mary E. Davis, Sunil Acharya, Tandong Yao. Asian Monsoon variations revealed from stable isotopes in precipitation. Climate Dynamics, 2017, doi:10.1007/s00382-017-4011 -4. Data collection sites: Lulang Station of Southeast Tibet, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Longitude: 94.73°E; Latitude: 29.77°N; Altitude: 3330 m. Guangzhou weather station, longitude: 113.32 °E; latitude: 23.13 ° N; altitude: 7 meters. Nuxia hydrological station, longitude: 94.65 °E; latitude: 29.47 ° N; elevation: 2920 m.
YANG Xiaoxin
This dataset contains monthly 0.05°×0.05° (1982, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 2000) and 0.01°×0.01° (2005, 2010, 2015 and 2017) LST products in Qilian Mountain Area. The dataset was produced based on SW algorithm by AVHRR BT from thermal infrared channels (CH4: 10.5µm to 11.3µm; CH5: 11.5µm to 12.5µm) at a resolution of 0.05°, MYD21A1 LST products at a resolution of 0.01° along with some auxiliary datasets. The auxiliary datasets include IGBP land cover type, AVHRR NDVI products, Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications-2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis data, ASTER GED, Lat/Lon and the Julian Day information.
WANG Junbo, SHAO Xuemei
This dataset contains data on the lake core sporopollen spectrum and temperature/precipitation reconstruction sequence of Yamdrog Yumtso Lake in the southern Tibetan Plateau. It is used to study the environmental changes in the Yamdrog Yumtso region by 20 ka. It is obtained by the sporopollen analysis method. This data set is obtained by laboratory measurement and calculation. The samples and data are collected and identified in strict accordance with relevant operating procedures at all stages. There are three subtables in this dataset. The first two tables comprise the following analysis data of TC1 pore sporopollen samples. Field 1: Sample Number Field 2: Sample Depth Unit: cm Field 3: Sample Age Unit: aBP Field 4: Total sporopollen concentration Units: granules/gram Field 5: Total Pollen Granules Unit: Number of grains Field 6: Total number of indicative pollen Unit: Number of grains Field 7: Identification of indicative pollen number Unit: Number of grains Field 8: Sample Weight Unit: Grams Field 9: Concentration Coefficient Units: granules / gram Field 1: Sample Number Field 2: Plant species Field 3: Pollen content Unit: % The third subtable is the reconstructed temperature precipitation and has 6 fields. Field 1: Sample Code Field 2: Sample Name Field 3: Depth Unit: cm Field 4: Age Unit: aBP Field 5: Average annual temperature Unit: 0.1 °C Field 6: Annual precipitation Unit: 0.1 mm The rock core was collected from the Yamdrog Yumtso Basin in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau. The approximate sampling location is 90°27′E，28°56′N, and the altitude there is 4425 m.
WANG Junbo, LV Houyuan
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