This data set is from the paper: Ding, L., Spicer, R.A., Yang, J., Xu, Q., Cai, F.L., Li, S., Lai, q.z., Wang, H.Q., Spicer, t.e.v., Yue, Y.H., Shukla, A., Srivastava, g., Khan, M.A., BERA, S., and Mehrotra, R. 2017. Quantifying the rise of the Himalaya origin and implications for the South Asian monsoon. Geography, 45:215-218. This achievement is part of a series of research results of paleoaltitude carried out by Ding Lin' team. We reconstruct the rise of a segment of the southern flank of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen, to the south of the Lhasa terrane, using a paleoaltimeter based on paleoenthalpy encoded in fossil leaves from two new assemblages in southern Tibet (Liuqu and Qiabulin) and four previously known floras from the Himalaya foreland basin. U-Pb dating of zircons constrains the Liuqu flora to the latest Paleocene (ca. 56 Ma) and the Qiabulin flora to the earliest Miocene (21–19 Ma). The proto-Himalaya grew slowly against a high (~4 km) proto–Tibetan Plateau from ~1 km in the late Paleocene to ~2.3 km at the beginning of the Miocene, and achieved at least ~5.5 km by ca. 15 Ma. Contrasting precipitation patterns between the Himalaya-Tibet edifice and the Himalaya foreland basin for the past ~56 m.y. show progressive drying across southern Tibet, seemingly linked to the uplift of the Himalaya orogen.
DING Lin
These datasets fill the data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, they contain CSR RL06 Mascon and JPL RL06 Mascon. They take China as the study area, and the dataset includes "Decimal_time”, "lat”, "lon”, "time”, "time_bounds”, "TWSA_REC" and "Uncertainty" 7 parameters in total. Among them, "Decimal_time” corresponds to decimal time. There are 191 months from April 2002 to December 2019 (163 months for GRACE data, 17 months for GRACE-FO data, and 11 months for the gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO. We have not filled the missing data of individual months between GRACE or GRACE-FO data). "lat" corresponds to the latitude range of the data; "lon" corresponds to the longitude range of the data; "time" corresponds to the cumulative day of the data from January 1, 2002. And "time_bounds" corresponding to the cumulative day at the start date and end date of each month. “TWSA_REC" represents the monthly terrestrial water storage anomalies from April 2002 to December 2019 in China; "Uncertainty" is the uncertainty between the data and CSR RL06 Mascon products. We use GRACE satellite data from CSR GRACE/GRACE-FO RL06 Mascon solutions (version 02), China Gauge-based Daily Precipitation Analysis (CGDPA, version 1.0) data, and CN05.1 temperature dataset. The precipitation reconstruction model was established, and the seasonal and trend terms of CSR RL06 Mascon products were considered to obtain the dataset of terrestrial water storage anomalies in China. The data quality is good as a whole, and the uncertainty of most regions in China is within 5cm. This dataset complements the nearly one-year data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO satellites, and provides a full time series for long-term land water storage change analysis in China. As the CSR RL06 Mascon product, the average value between 2004.0000 and 2009.999 is deducted from this dataset. Therefore, the 164-174 months (i.e., July 2017 to May 2018) of this dataset can be directly extracted as the estimation of terrestrial water storage anomalies during the gap period. The reconstruction method for the gap of JPL RL06 Mascon is consistent with that of CSR RL06 Mascon.
ZHONG Yulong, FENG Wei, ZHONG Min, MING Zutao
Since the formation of Heihe River, sporopollen data samples have been collected from the drilling strata of Da'ao well in the middle reaches of Heihe River. Drilling location: 39.491 n, 99.605 E. The drilling depth is 140 meters. 128 samples of sporopollen are collected from top to bottom. At present, there are 19 data of sporopollen results, which are distributed in each sedimentary facies from top to bottom. The sporopollen samples were removed from carbonate, organic matter, silicate and other impurities in the laboratory, and the species and data of sporopollen were identified under the microscope. Sporopollen results mainly include the percentage content and number of trees, shrubs, herbs, aquatic, ferns and other families and genera.
HU Xiaofei, PAN Baotian
The landform information integration in western China was completed by a team led by Dr. Xie chuanjie, from the institute of geography, resources and environment, Chinese academy of sciences.It includes 1:400,000 national geomorphologic database and 1:100,000 western geomorphologic database. 1:400,000 geomorphologic data are "China geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by LI Bingyuan and "China and its adjacent areas geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by CHEN Zhiming. Scan and register the data, vectorize all the registered maps by using ArcMap software, and establish their own classification and code system. According to map spots (common staining) and symbols, geomorphic types are divided into basic geomorphic types and morphological structure types (points, lines and planes). 1:1000000 western geomorphic data is integrated and updated by digital geomorphology based on multi-source data such as remote sensing image and adopts hierarchical interpretation method.Plains and mountains;Primary geomorphic types (25 types),10 genetic types: secondary genetic types: subdivision of morphological differences. The type of geomorphic material whose composition or lithology is determined. Conducted among 16 landscape points of interpretation work, their Numbers are: 45 (Kathmandu), G - G - 46 (the) wrong, H - 44 (pli), 45 (xigaze), H - H - 46 (Lhasa), H - 47 (qamdo), 43 (Islamabad), I - I - 44 (lion spring river), 45 (change), I - I - (amdo) 46, 47 (yushu), J - I - 43 (kashi) (wada), J, J - 44-45 (JuMo), 46 (golmud), J J - - 47 (xining)
ZHOU Chenghu, CHENG Weiming
Sketch map of 1:50000 geological map of hulugou small watershed in 2012, hulugou watershed is composed of Quaternary loose stratum and pre Cenozoic bedrock stratum. The pores of the bedrock stratum are mainly fissures and covered with thin residual slope deposits. The Pleistocene alluvial proluvial sand gravel layer (q3al + PL) above the piedmont plain is dominant. The loose formation in the front of the glacier is Holocene moraine gravel layer (q4gl), which is distributed under the modern cirque and forms lateral moraine and final moraine dike (ridge).
SUN Ziyong, CHANG Qixin
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by Geological Publishing House. Based on 177 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey data, the regional strata and structure stratigraphic system are systematically determined, including 9 strata and structure stratigraphic areas, 36 strata and structure stratigraphic areas and 63 strata and structure stratigraphic areas. The lithostratigraphic division and correlation sequence of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas are established. A large number of geological records of geological evolution and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau are presented, which focus on the new discovery, new progress and new understanding of geological investigation and research. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil-gas geological research in Pan third pole in recent years, including basic materials such as stratum, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil-gas (potash) geology, especially paleomagnetism and paleogenesis On the basis of zircon and geochemical data, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate palaeogeographic pattern of Jurassic period are restored and reconstructed, and the paleogeographic map of lithofacies and climate of Pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) and pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) are obtained, aiming to discuss paleogeography and paleostructure The control and influence of paleoclimate on oil and gas (including potash) resources, in order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution rules of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration and deployment in China.
LI Yalin
This data set comprises pictures of geological sections and landscape of Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin in the north of Tibetan Plateau which produced on achievement of geological survey in these years. The process of section pictures drawing comprises: measurement of different stratas by hand; identify and description of stratas by experienced geological researcher; picture production with software, based on information collected above. Landscape pictures were drew from satellite maps as base map, then added texts with software. All the pictures are clear, detailed and comprehensive. They are very critical for research on geology, geomorphology of the important localities in the north of Tibetan Plateau, such as Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin, and necessary for paleo-altimetry and uplift of Tibetan Plateau.
The data set of hydrogeological elements in the typical frozen soil area of Qilian Mountain mainly includes groundwater type, water richness (single water inflow or single spring flow), main rivers and tributaries, spring water (falling springs, spring groups, large springs, Mineral spring distribution), borehole (pressure water borehole, submerged borehole, gravity flow borehole distribution), fault zone (compressive fracture, tensile fracture), angle unconformity boundary, parallel unconformity boundary, west branch of upper Heihe River The boundary of the watershed, the seasonal frozen soil area and the permafrost distinguish the boundary, the distribution of modern glaciers and swamps. This data set of hydrogeological elements can provide background information for the hydrological ecological process and hydrogeological environment in cold regions. This data comes from the vectorization of four 1: 200,000 hydrogeological maps (Qilian, Yenigou, Qilian, and Sunan) and reintegrates the groundwater types. With higher resolution, the data can provide background information for the research on the evolution of water and soil resources and environmental changes in the source area of the Pan-Third Pole River.
SUN Ziyong
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. It is published by the Geological Publishing House. The geotectonic environment of the geological body is analyzed according to the geotectonic facies division plan (3 major facies, 18 basic facies and 36 subfacies), with the 36 geotectonic subfacies as the basic mapping unit, the geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas is compiled. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Guided by the theory of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and petroleum geology in recent years, including strata, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil and gas (potash) geology and other basic materials, especially paleomagnetism, Paleogene Based on the data of detrital zircon and geochemistry, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate paleogeographic pattern of Cretaceous were restored and reconstructed, and two lithofacies paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary and two climate paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary were obtained, aiming at discussing the influence of paleogeography, paleostructure and paleoclimate In order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for China's overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration deployment.
LI Yalin
The dataset is the teleseismic waveform data from the Gyirong – Peiku Tso short-period dense seismic array profile. The data can be used to receiver function methods to probe the structure of the crust and upper mantle. The Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile crosses the north-south Gyirong Rift, and the data are derived from 134 short-period seismic stations set up by the subject group along the east-west Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile, with strict site selection and good data quality. This profile provides an important scientific basis for revealing the velocity discontinuity morphology below the Chilung Rift Valley, i.e., the interfacial extension of the Indian continent swooping northward in the crust below the Himalayan zonation, and for further understanding the lateral changes of the MHT interface and the dynamics of the east-west extension of the Tibetan Plateau.
XU Qiang
High-frequency continuous GPS observation can effectively monitor the kinematics of crustal deformation. The Qilian Mountains region is an important constraint boundary of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The study of this region can provide important implications for the dynamic process of the growth and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the internal deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. At the local level, it can be discussed whether there is creepage in the Haiyuan fault and the movement mode of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The data comes from 26 fixed stations set up by the research group in the Qilian Mountain area. The site selection requirements are strict, and the high-frequency continuous GPS receiver is Provided by trimble, the data quality is good, the data can be applied not only to geodynamic research, but also to related earth science research such as meteorological precipitation.
HE Jiankun
This data includes 1:4 million precision fault data within the scope of Qinghai Tibet Plateau in China. The attribute table fields include fault name, fault length, strike, dip, fault property, paleoearthquake, etc. The data comes from the Seismological Bureau. Later, by consulting a large number of fault related literature, the attribute of fault activity age is added on the basis of the original data. The accuracy of original data is reliable, and a special person is responsible for quality review; After review by many people, the data integrity, position accuracy and attribute accuracy meet the requirements of relevant technical regulations and standards, and the quality is excellent and reliable. The fault data can provide basic data support for some fault related research work in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
QI Shengwen
The Southern Tibet Rift System (STRS) is one of the most prominent tectonic and geomorphological features in the southern Tibetan Plateau. The Jilong-Oma and Dati basins are located in the northern Himalaya Mountains. The late Cenozoic sedimentary sequences deposited in these two rift basins have archived abundant information about formation and evolution of the STRS and the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau. The detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic investigations were conducted on the late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma basins. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma Basin is over 610 m in thickness, including the lower conglomerate member of the fan delta facies (Danzengzhukang Fm., 400-600 m), the middle mudstone interbedded with sandstone member of fluvio-lacustrine facies (Oma Fm., 200-400 m) and the upper conglomerate intercalated with mudstone member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 200-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the bottom of the Oma Fm. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Dati Basin have a thickness of ~300 m, iucluding the lower mudstone, sandstone and sandy conglomerate member of fluvio-lacustrine faceis (Dati Fm., 80-305 m), and the upper conglomerate member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 80-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the upper part of the Dati Fm. By comparing with the Zhada Basin in the west part of the Himalaya orogen, it shows that these rift basins experienced the similar sedimentary evolution history and have the comparable Hipparion fossils. Establishing the precise chronology of these sediments and carrying out comprehensive comparison analyses between the rift basins play important roles in understanding the formation and evolution of the STRS, the uplift and deformation processes of the southern Tibetan Plateau and the climate change in the surrounding areas.
ZHANG Weilin
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey in the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, through integration and comprehensive research, a series of maps of "1:3 million Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by China University of Geosciences Press, it comprehensively expresses basic geological information such as quaternary stratigraphic development, neotectonic activity, magmatic activity and geomorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, and objectively reflects the coupling and coordination process of stratum, structure, magmatic activity and geomorphic evolution since the uplift of the plateau in the late Cenozoic. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map " Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas " with a high-resolution scanner. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by the researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau. It is of great scientific significance to reveal the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau and the geomorphic, neotectonic movement, stratigraphic, magmatic activity and environmental evolution since the uplift.
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), China University of Geosciences
We compiled the Seismotectonic Map of Western Asia using the ArcGIS platform through data collecting and digitization. The seismotectonic map of Western Asia covers Iran and its surrounding countries and regions. Based on the “Major active faults of Iran” map, the seismotectonic map is replenished with massive published data and depicts the location and nature of the seisogenic faults or active faults and the epicenter of earthquakes with M ≥ 5 from 1960 to 2019. The map can not only be used in the research of active faults and seismic risks in Western Asia, but also will be applied to the seismic safety evaluation for infrastructure construction.
LIU Zhicheng
The Pan-Third Polar region has strong seismic activity, which is driven by the subduction and collision of the Indian plate, the Arab plate and the Eurasian plate. 18806 earthquakes with Magnitude 5 or larger have occurred in Pan-Third Polar region (north latitude 0-56 degrees and east longitude 43-139 degrees) since 1960. Among them, 4 earthquakes with Magnitude 8 or larger, 187 earthquakes with Magnitude 7.0-7.9， 1625 earthquakes with Magnitude 6.0-6.9 and 16990 earthquakes with Magnitude 5.0-5.9 have occurred. Earthquakes occurred mainly in the foothills of the India-Myanmar Mountains, the Himalaya Mountains, the Sulaiman Mountains, where the India Plate collided with the Eurasian plate, and the Zagros Mountains where the Arab plate collided with the Eurasian plate.
WANG Ji
We use waveform cross-correlation to analyze the recordings of eight earthquakes (2009-2018) beneath the Indian Ocean at stations from the Chinese Digital Seismic Network. We obtain 929 high quality residual traveltime differences between the phases ScS and S (Differential traveltimes.dat). We interpret variations of δt up to 10 seconds as due to horizontal shear-velocity variations in D” beneath northern India, Nepal, and southwestern China. The shear velocity can vary by as much as 7% over distances shorter than 300 km. Our observations provide additional observational evidence that compositional heterogeneity and possibly melt contribute to the seismic structure of the lower mantle characterized by long-term subduction and mantle downwelling.
LI Guohui, BAI Ling
The data set is the distribution of the average roughness in Central Asia including three temperate deserts, the Karakum, Kyzylkum and Muyunkun Deserts, and one of the world's largest arid zones. This is the MODIS-NDVI data set calculated by using the median particle diameter and the vegetation coverage. The space and time resolutions are 500 m and 16 days, respectively. The time is from 01, January, 2017 to 18, December, 2017. The data set uses the the Geodetic coordinate system. It can be used for the investigation of the Desert oil and gas field, and oasis cities.
GAO Xin
Lithofacies analysis is an important research method to explore the source region, background, and nature of sedimentary basins. Through the systematic investigation of several late Cretaceous strata in Nepal, situated on the south flank of the Himalayas, the Tulsipur and Butwal sections conducted detailed lithology and sedimentary facies analysis. Continuous strata include the Taltang Fm. , Amile Fm. , Bhainskati Fm. and Dumri Fm. from bottom to top. The lithology contains terrigenous clastic rocks such as conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, chemical rocks such as limestone and siliceous rock, as well as special lithology such as coal seam, carbonaceous layer and oxidation crust. Both sections have various colors and sedimentary structures, which are good materials for the analysis of lithofacies evolution. According to the characteristics of lithofacies and sedimentary assemblage revealed that the Nepal sedimentary environment evolution during the late Cretaceous, which experienced the marine, fluvial, lacustrine, and delta evolution process.
MENG Qingquan MENG Qingquan
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million metamorphic geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by the Geological Publishing House. Based on the time-space framework of the regional structure and metamorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, the metamorphic environment is analyzed according to the metamorphic (Geological) area, metamorphic (Geological) belt, metamorphic sub belt and very low-low-high greenschist facies, low-high amphibolite facies, blue schist facies, high-ultrahigh pressure eclogite facies and malite facies, the metamorphic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas has been compiled, and 16 high pressure-ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belts have been determined. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map "Metamorphic geological map of Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" with high-resolution scanner, and the sub maps have been spliced. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Paleomagnetism has played an important role in quantifying the Mesozoic evolution of “Proto-Tibet”. We present here our recent paleomagnetic data from five Middle-Upper Jurassic sedimentary sequences of the eastern North Qiangtang Terrane at Yanshiping. The new paleomagnetic results from 99 sites, 1,702 samples and reveal paleopoles at 79.1°N/306.9°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.3°) for Quemo Co Fm, 68.9°N/313.8°E (dp=2.1°, dm=3.7°) for Buqu Fm, 66.1°N/332.1°E (dp=2.7°, dm=4.6°) for Xiali Fm, 72.4°N/318.6°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.7°) for Suowa Fm, and 76.9°N/301.1°E (dp=7.9°, dm=13.2°) for Xueshan Fm, respectively. These results indicate that Yanshiping experienced latitudinal changes from ~24.5° N to ~22.0º N over the time interval 171.2 - <157.5 Ma, accompanied by clockwise (CW) rotations of ~19.8±9.4º between ~171.2 and 161.7 Ma and counterclockwise (CCW) rotations of ~15.4±13.4º between ~161.7 and <157.2 Ma. We attribute the change in rotation sense at approximately ~161.7 Ma to the initial collision of the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes. Using this and other paleomagnetic data from the Lhasa, Qiangtang and Tarim terranes, as well as other geological evidence, such as tectonism-related sedimentary sequences, volcanism, and HP metamorphism, we propose a new conceptual evolution model for the Mesozoic QT and Tethyan Oceans, including 3 intra-continental collisions (South-North Qiangtang, Qiangtang-Songpan-Ganzi and Lhasa-Qiangtang) and post collisional extensions.
YAN Maodu
Under the background of global warming, over the past few decades the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes shows obvious extension. At present on the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes area increase sharply , such as water level changes reported by a number of studies, especially in Tibet's largest lakes such as Siling Co, Nam Co, and so on. We take the Nam Co lake as an example, discussed recent decades the non-structural loading force caused by the Nam Co water level rising result in the surrounding lithosphere deformation and the stress variation on the Yadong-Gulu fault zone (normal fault) and analysis of the seismic hazard. In this fragile ecological environment area, the relationship between the land surface processes and the lithosphere can give us some clues, the result of the data including the surface displacement field changes and the stress on the fault.
LIN Xiaoguang
This data set includes apatite and zircon (U-Th) / He ages, apatite fission-track (AFT) ages of the Yalong River thrust belt, which will be continuously updated in the future. The first part is the apatite and zircon He and apatite fission-track data from the Yunongxi fault, a branch fault in the hinterland of the Yalong River thrust belt. The second part of the data is from the Jinping Shan-Muli fault, a branch of the Yalong River thrust belt, including apatite and zircon He ages data. The data results are concentrated, which well constrain the evolution of the Yalong River thrust belt and provide a high-quality chronological basis for exploring its role in the process of plateau expansion.
ZHANG Huiping
The data coverage area is Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, which is vector line data. The data defines its active period and names it. The strike, nature, active period and exposure of the fault are described. However, the content is missing, and the secondary fault zone is not named. There are 590 linear elements within the Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor in this data set, but some linear elements are multiple elements of the same fault zone. The active fault zone is often the combination zone of different plates and different blocks. It is a relatively weak zone of the crust, which is easy to induce extremely serious earthquake disasters. It is also a concentrated development zone of geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and debris flow. The judgment of the location and nature of fault zone is of great significance to the risk susceptibility evaluation of geological disasters, and it is the key factor to study geological disasters.
WANG Lixuan
This data includes zircon U-Pb dating of metamorphic rocks and basalts in the Precambrian continental crust remnant in the northwest of the North Qilian orogenic belt measured from 2019 to 2021, major and trace and Sr nd Hf isotopic geochemical test results of the whole rock, and major and trace geochemical test results of minerals. The main instruments used are Aglient 7500a ICP-MS, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thermo Finnigan Triton thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS), Neptune MC ICPMS and electron microprobe (EMPA). The data quality is high and within the error range. According to the data, the Precambrian continental crust fragments can be divided into three stages: Paleoproterozoic (1.7 GA), early Mesoproterozoic (1.6 GA) and middle Mesoproterozoic (1.5-1.2 GA), which were formed in the continental margin arc, intracontinental rift and initial ocean basin environment respectively. It is revealed that the Qilian block is located in the southwest of the core of the ancient lombia supercontinent.
LIU Yixin
The dataset includs borehole core lithology, altitude survey, soil thickness and slop measurement, hydrogeological survey, and hydrogeophysical survey in the Maqu catchment of the Yellow River source region in the Tibetan Plateau. The borehole lithology data is from the 2017 drilled borehole ITC_ Maqu_ 1; altitude survey was carried out using RTK in 2019; Soil thickness and slope data were collected by auger and inclinometer in 2018 and 2019; hydrogeological survey includes groundwater table depth measurements in 2018 and 2019, and aquifer test data obtained in 2019; hydrogeological survey includes Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) , Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) , Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. MRS and ERT surveys were conducted in 2018. TEM and magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in 2019.
LI Mengna, ZENG Yijian, Maciek W. LUBCZYNSKI, BOB Su, QIAN Hui
The contents include: geological map of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, section map of No.7 exploration line of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, geological map of Mashi copper mine, section map of No.4 exploration line of Mashi copper mine, geological map of Matou copper molybdenum deposit. There are 10 gold ore bodies and 7 molybdenum ore belts in pailou deposit. The length and thickness of individual gold ore bodies are tens of meters and 0.28 – 4.00 meters. The gold grade of pailou deposit is 1.19 – 22.0 g / T. The molybdenum ore body is 400-600 m long and 1.50-6.50 m thick, and mainly occurs in granodiorite (porphyry) and hornblende near the contact zone with surrounding rock. The average grade of molybdenum is 0.04 – 0.13 wt%. The ore of pailou deposit is mainly pyrite, molybdenite and disseminated ore. The ore minerals are mainly composed of molybdenite, pyrite, stibnite and a small amount of pyrrhotite. The main gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar, sericite and chlorite. There are dozens of copper ore bodies in Mashi copper deposit, with copper grade of 0.21 – 0.34 wt%. Copper orebodies of 330-600m in length and 20-50m in thickness were found in granodiorite (porphyry) and cryptoexplosive breccia. The main alteration types of Mashi deposit are silicification, sericitization and pyritization. Matou molybdenum copper deposit is a medium porphyry deposit with molybdenum reserves of 60000 T and copper resources of more than 100000 t. The main alteration types of Matou deposit are silicification, sericitization and potassic feldsparization. The ore in Matou deposit is mainly chalcopyrite, molybdenite, quartz vein ore and disseminated ore. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
The river steepness index, concavity index, drainage area, hypsometric integral, erosion coefficient, erosion rate, precipitation and other Geomorphological data of Qilian Shan basins are extracted and collected. Where the river steepness index and concavity index were extracted based on the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) 3 arc-seconds DEM data, the catchment erosion rate are from Palumbo et al. (2010) and Palumbo et al. (2011), and the precipitation data is from Geng et al. (2017). In order to increase the credibility of the data, the range of the river steepness index of each basin is given when the confidence is 95%. The data laid a foundation for the analysis of the relationship between the geomorphic characteristics and the tectonic framework of Qilian Shan.
HU Xiaofei, ZHANG Yanan
Based on 12.5m DEM and remote sensing image interpretation, we can clearly identify the scarps, staggered rivers, gate ridges, compression ridges and other structural landforms along the Honghe fault, Nanting River fault and Lancang Gengma fault, which provides basic data for further field verification. Through the analysis of the landform along the fault and the fine structural analysis of the Quaternary fault outcrop, the kinematic characteristics of the fault are determined. The deflections of the drainage system and the geological and geomorphic units of the fault indicate that the amount of dextral dislocation of the HONGHE FAULT ranges from tens of meters to 50 km. A series of structural landforms such as sinistral dislocations of large gullies, fault troughs, fault triangles and scarps developed along the Nanting River fault. The Lancang Gengma fault is dominated by dextral strike slip.
WANG Yang
The age constraints for Cenozoic exhumation history of the northern Tibetan Plateau provides evidence for growth process of the plateau and interaction process of tectonics-climate-erosion in this region. Apatite fission track thermochronology has a relative lower closure temperature of ~100 °C, thus is capable of recording the exhumation process of upper crust. We collected 26 sedimentary samples in the Hongliugou section in northern Qaidam Basin, which consist of strata from the Lulehe Formation to Shizigou Formation. These samples were fission track dated using the external detector method in the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The result shows fission track central age of these samples range in 36.4 ± 2.0 Ma to 78.0 ± 2.8 Ma. Most of our sample failed the chi-square test, indicating a mixture of multiple sources with different cooling ages. We use the binomial fitting method to decompose the mixture single-grain ages and obtained 55 age components. Decomposed component age of these detrital samples ranges in 21.2 ± 2.9 Ma to 102.8 ± 9.0 Ma. Integrated analysis of the fission track ages and confined track length indicates that samples in the upper 2500 m of the section had not affected by burial annealing after deposition, while that in the lower 2500 m were partial annealed after deposition. Unannealed fission track ages showing “static peaks” in ~60-50 Ma and ~40-36 Ma, which indicates the source of these detritus, the Qilian Shan, have experienced significant rock exhumation in these two stages in respective. This study suggests that tectonic deformation initiated in the northern Tibetan Plateau in early Cenozoic, which synchronous with India-Asia collision. Thus we suggest the Qilian Shan serves as the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau since the early Cenozoic.
SONG Chunhui, HE Pengju
Paleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in Iran
SUN Jimin
This set of data is used to reconstruct the magnetostratigraphy of the Hoh Xil basin in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basinaround the eastern margin of the plateau, and then combined with other chronological methods to establish high-precision chronological scales of the two basins. All the data are thermal demagnetization data, including two parts: one is the paleomagnetic data of the strata about 1000 meters in the top of the Hoh Xil basin; The second is the paleomagnetic data of the bottom strata in Sichuan Basin. The data were measured or obtained in the State Key Laboratory of continental dynamics, Northwestern University and the laboratory of paleomagnetism and geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The preliminary processing results show that the data quality is high.
LIANG Wentian
The data set is the original repeated GPS observation data along Gyirong - Nyima profile trans active deformation Himalayan orogenic belt in Tibet Plateau. The data are measured twice in 2018 and 2019, including the data of 13 stations, and the data quality is good. Through the observation data of these observation points, combined with the continuous GPS observation profile data that the project research team has deployed along Yadong Gulou in the Himalayan orogenic belt, we can reveal the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of the northward converging strain of the Indian continent in the key parts of the Himalayan orogenic belt, understand the current uplift state of the Himalayan orogenic belt and its correlation with horizontal movement, and combine with the active faults Based on the theory of motion dislocation, the quantitative distribution of strain between earthquakes in the main boundary fault (MBT) and the main central fault (MCT) is studied, as well as the strain accumulation characteristics, fault locking range and fault locking degree between earthquakes, which provide important constraints for evaluating the seismic risk of active faults in the study area. Combined with the 2015 Nepal earthquake rupture model, the southern margin of Tibetan Plateau is studied from the perspective of motion to dynamics Lithospheric rheological characteristics.
HE Jiankun
The data set consists of 93 continuous and mobile GPS stations recording the cumulative three-dimensional deformation variables 10 years after the 2008 mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. GPS daily sampling time series data are mainly from the website of China Seismological Bureau（ http://www.cgps.ac.cn/ ）Diao, F., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Xiong, X., Walter, T.R. (2018), fault behavior and lower critical physiology informed from the first seven years of postseismic GPS data after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, earth planet. SCI. Lett., 495, 202-212, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.05.020. We process the post earthquake deformation data as follows: first, we correct other effects unrelated to the Wenchuan earthquake, such as seasonal variation, interannual variation, plate effect, etc; Thirdly, the post earthquake time series curve is fitted by exponential function and logarithmic function; Finally, the post earthquake deformation of any period is calculated by fitting the curve. Ten years after the earthquake, the accumulated deformation is nearly 21 cm. The horizontal accuracy is not less than 1.7 cm, and the vertical accuracy is not less than 4 cm.
HU Yan
The data are the radioisotope dating data of magmatic and metamorphic rocks, the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock and the major geochemical data of minerals. Samples were collected from diorite and garnet biotite schist in Gangdese belt, Nimu area, southern Tibet. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon and monazite were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock are obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The main geochemical data of minerals are obtained by EPMA. The age of regional magmatism and metamorphism can be determined by the obtained data.
MA Xuxuan
The data of this paper include: (1) impact factor data: 90m resolution DEM data, China 1 ∶ 250000 grade 1, grade 3, grade 4 and grade 5 River classification data set, which are from the international scientific data mirror website of computer network information center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.gscloud.cn ); The spatial distribution data of 1 ∶ 1000000 vegetation types in China (1971-2000), 1 ∶ 500000 geological map of Qinghai Province, 1 ∶ 4000000 geomorphologic map of China and road map of Qinghai Province were obtained from the resource and environmental science data center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.resdc.cn ); The annual average rainfall data (1971-2000) is from China Meteorological science data sharing service network（ http://www.data.ac.cn ); The fault data are Holocene active faults, which are derived from the research results of Dong Zhiping (1992)（(2) Geological disaster data: the historical geological disaster data (1 ∶ 100000) is from the geological environment monitoring station of Qinghai Province; The provincial data of major geological hazards are from the Department of natural resources of Qinghai Province（ http://zrzyt.qinghai.gov.cn )。(3) Basic data: the population data comes from the results of the sixth census of the National Bureau of statistics in 2010; The 1:250000 County digital administrative division map of Qinghai Province is from the national basic geographic information center（ http://www.ngcc.cn )。 In this paper, the information model and entropy method are used to calculate the landslides, landslides, debris flows and comprehensive susceptibility index of Hehuang Valley, so as to regionalize the study area. The information model is used to determine the susceptibility index of landslides and landslides. In the evaluation of geological hazard susceptibility, the information model takes the disaster point as the evaluation object, and the influence factor of geological hazard is the evaluation index of the model. The closeness between the model and the research object is evaluated by calculating the contribution degree of each factor. The higher the information is, the higher the susceptibility coefficient is.
HOU Guangliang
The Qiangtang terrane preserves an important record of the growth of the Tibetan Plateau since the Mesozoic; however, its deformation and cooling history remain poorly understood. To unravel this issue, we conducted geological mapping in the Esima area and detrital apatite fission-track and (U–Th)/He analyses of the Esima–Rongtang region in the east segment of Central Qiangtang terrane. Our results indicate that the east segment underwent two stages of structural deformation and rapid cooling during 120–110 Ma and 55–38 Ma. By combining our results with those of previous studies of the deformation and cooling history in the west segment, we reconstructed the early spatial and temporal geological evolution of the Central Qiangtang terrane since the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The structural deformation and cooling of the west segment at 150–130 Ma was related to northward flat subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang oceanic slab. The structural deformation and cooling of the east segment at 120–110 Ma and the west segment at 110–70 Ma was controlled by oblique convergence between Lhasa and Qiangtang. The structural deformation and cooling of the west and east segments at 55–38 Ma was associated with northward intracontinental subduction beneath the Qiangtang terrane induced by the Indo–Asian collision.
BI Wenjun, HAN Zhongpeng, LI Yalin
There are 6 apatite fission track data and 2 zircon fission track data in tiekelike mountain, West Kunlun. The age error is less than 10%; The results show that the tiekelike mountains in the north of West Kunlun have undergone rapid exhumation since Miocene. There are 17 groups of detrital zircon U-Pb dating results of Cenozoic sediments from keriyang section and kashtashi section in front of West Kunlun Mountains, which are analyzed by LA-ICP-MS method, and the age concordance is less than 10%; These results indicate that the early provenance of the Piedmont sediments came from Songpan Ganzi and South Kunlun blocks, and the South Kunlun block and North Kunlun block provided provenance to the Piedmont since the Atushi formation. These results indicate that the Cenozoic uplift of the West Kunlun Mountains experienced a process of gradual northward growth. Four apatite fission track results of bedrock samples from the upper and lower walls of Tashkurgan normal fault in the Pamir orogenic belt were obtained by using the external detector method, and the age error was less than 15%; The results show that the Tashkurgan normal fault began to move about 8.5 Ma, and the footwall of the normal fault tilted westward, which may indicate that there was a structural system transformation from the previous north-south compression orogeny to the late Cenozoic East-West collapse extension in the East Pamir area.
LIN Xiubin
The data are the typical landscape, geomorphology and sedimentary strata photos obtained by the thematic group in the lower reaches of Yajiang River and Niyang River Basin from July to August 2019, as well as the physical and chemical indexes of loess and river sediments, mainly including: (1) 14C sample sampling and age in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (2) Chronological results of OSL in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (3) XRF of lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (4) Magnetic susceptibility of Lamawan lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (5) Grain size of Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (6) Elements in the lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River and Niyang River Basin. The photos mainly show glaciers, rivers, lakes and other landscapes, as well as landslide surface, glacier shear surface and sedimentation.
CAO Bo, GAO Hongshan
This data includes zircon U-Pb ages of Precambrian Cenozoic magmatic rocks in Lhasa block, Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data table includes zircon U-Th-Pb ratios and corrected data results. The U-Pb age concordance diagram is also attached. The data testing was completed in Beijing Kehui Testing Co., Ltd. and the sampling was completed by LA-ICP-MS multi receiver plasma mass spectrometry. The laser ablation system was ESI NWR 193nm, and the ICP-MS was analytikjena plasmaquant MS elite ICP-MS. The off-line processing of analytical data (including the selection of samples and blank signals, calibration of instrument sensitivity drift, calculation of element content, U-Th-Pb isotope ratio and age) was completed by software icpmsdata cal.
ZHAI Qingguo
Debris flow in Nanfeng area is a natural disaster phenomenon caused by the combination of many natural factors. It is affected by the terrain, geology and climate. Therefore, the formation and development of debris flow fully reflect the organic combination of various natural factors. The modern geomorphic process in Nanfeng area is very active, and the glaciation, canyon flow and slope physical and geological processes are very strong. The data analysis shows that due to the sharp rise of the ground and the strong invasion of the Yarlung Zangbo River water system, most of the gullies are V-shaped, short and steep, and the vertical gradient of the gully bed is large, about 500 ‰ in the upper reaches and about 400 ‰ on average, and 250-300 ‰ in the middle and lower reaches. This kind of steep valley terrain is easy to form debris flow under the action of turbulent current. Under the action of gravity, landslides and collapses occur continuously in the valley. According to the investigation, most of the terrain slopes favorable for the formation of debris flow in Nanfeng area are above 30 degrees, and the upper valley slope in this area can generally reach 40-50 degrees, and the maximum can reach 60-70 degrees. The middle and lower valley slopes are also between 35-40 degrees, which are favorable for the development of debris flow.
PENG Buzhuo, YANG Yichou
The growth process of the Tibetan Plateau has always been the focus of debate at home and abroad, which is of great significance for evaluating different growth models. In recent years, one of the focuses of debate is whether the "original Tibetan Plateau" exists and its scope. Sedimentological evidence and provenance analysis show that the topographic growth occurred in Qiangtang terrane and North Lhasa terrane as early as Cretaceous. However, paleontological and PALEOELEVATION evidences show that the topographical height of the central part of the plateau was formed in the Eocene Miocene. In order to solve this problem, we conducted apatite fission track studies in the Qiangtang terrane in the hinterland of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Because crustal thickening usually leads to topographic uplift and relief changes, thus accelerating denudation, the cooling events recorded by fission track are often strong indirect evidence of crustal thickening. The median apatite fission track age of Mesozoic sandstone samples is 40.1 ± 2.6 to 129 ± 3 Ma, with peak ages of ~ 45 Ma and 100-120 ma; The fission track age of the Eocene granite is 38.3 ± 1.3 Ma and 27.4 Ma respectively ± 1.6 Ma。 The uncorrected closed track length is 9.26 ± 39 to 14.11 ± zero point two four μ m. The corresponding relationship between age and age presents a typical "boomerang" trend, which reveals that the regional cooling time is earlier than 100 mA. The results of hefty thermal history inversion reveal that the growth process of the central part of the plateau can be divided into two stages: the first stage, the early Cretaceous (140-100 MA) cooling process reveals the crustal thickening in the central part of the plateau, which may be caused by the horizontal subduction of Bangong Nujiang Tethys ocean. At this time, the prototype of the plateau was formed in the middle and south of Qiangtang terrane; In the second stage, the former Tibet Plateau was gradually formed in the middle of the plateau from Eocene to Oligocene. The spatial distribution characteristics of Cenozoic low temperature thermochronology data in the central plateau show that there is no obvious East-West change, so the lower crustal flow model may be difficult to explain the growth process of the central plateau. On the contrary, the discrete and uniform distribution pattern of low temperature thermochronology data is consistent with the model of continental subduction and lithospheric mantle delamination. Combined with the regional deformation characteristics, the formation mechanism of the former Tibet Plateau includes upper crust shortening, continental crust subduction and deep mantle delamination.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The results show that the whole rock SR Nd isotopic composition of the basic rocks in the ophiolite of rencuo (Shenzha bange county) in the North Lake area of Tibet. The purpose of this analysis is to clarify the characteristics of magma mantle source area of basic rock unit in ophiolite, and provide key evidence for further constraining the genesis of ophiolite and clarifying its type. The data analysis and testing were completed in Wuhan Shangpu analysis and testing company, and the pre-processing was completed in the 1000 level ultra clean room equipped with 100 level operation platform. The isotope analysis was performed by MC-ICP-MS (Neptune plus) of Thermo Fisher Scientific Company in Germany, and the data acquisition was composed of 8 blocks, each block contained 10 cycles, and each cycle was 4.194 seconds. This set of data samples meet the analysis requirements with high accuracy, which can be used to further constrain the genesis and tectonic classification of Ophiolites in the central Tethys orogenic belt.
ZHAI Qingguo
The subsidence and exhumation histories of the Qiangtang Basin and their contributions to the early evolution of the Tibetan plateau are vigorously debated. This paper reconstructs the subsidence history of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin with eleven selected composite stratigraphic sections and constrains the first stage of cooling using apatite fission track data. Facies analysis, biostratigraphy, paleo-environment interpretation, and paleo-water depth estimation are integrated to create eleven composite sections through the basin. Backstripped subsidence calculations combined with previous work on sediment provenance and timing of deformation, show that the evolution of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin can be divided into two stages. From Late Triassic to Early Jurassic times, the North Qiangtang was a retro-foreland basin. In contrast, the South Qiangtang was a collisional foreland basin. During Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous times, thrust belt loading from the Jinsha River suture drove development of the combined retro-foreland basin. Detrital apatite fission track ages concentrate in late Early to Late Cretaceous (120.9-84.1 Ma) and Paleogene-Eocene (65.4-40.1 Ma). Thermal history modelling results record Early Cretaceous rapid cooling; the termination of subsidence and onset of exhumation of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin suggest that the accumulation of crustal thickening in central Tibet probably initiated during Late Jurassic-Early Jurassic (150-130 Ma), involving underthrusting of both the Lhasa and Songpan-Ganze terranes beneath the Qiangtang terrane, or the collision of Amdo terrane.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The development history of high topography in the northeastern (NE) Tibetan Plateau is essential to test various plateau growth models and understand plateau construction. We present integrated provenance data from the NE Qaidam Basin, south of the Qilian Shan. Results show an increase in carbonate lithics, an increase in Al2O3/SiO2 ratios, a negative shift in εNd values and an appearance of large amounts of Precambrian zircon grains in the period of ~13 to ~8 Ma, arguing that the sediment source of the NE Qaidam Basin may have shifted from the East Kunlun Shan to the Qilian Shan during this time interval. We infer that significant topographic growth of the southern Qilian Shan occurred during the middle-late Miocene. Along with widespread middle to late Miocene deformation records across the Qilian Shan and abruptly shifts on provenance, sedimentary facies and climate indexes in its surrounding basins, present high topography of the NE Tibetan Plateau may have been established since the middle-late Miocene.
LI Chaopeng, ZHENG Dewen
The samples are well qiangke-1, well qiangdi-17 and well qiangzi-16. The analysis and testing work was completed in the laboratory of AR, u-th-he geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. See Wu Lin et al. (2016) for testing methods. The results are as follows: the zircon (U-Th) / He ages of 9 samples from three boreholes in the Qiangtang block in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, except that the thermal history information of two samples from Eocene has not been reset, the rest of the samples are concentrated in Cretaceous, and the age values change little with elevation, indicating the existence of Cretaceous denudation cooling. Well qd-17 in the west of the Qiangtang block recorded denudation cooling in the early Cretaceous (about 127-114 MA), and well qz-16 in the East recorded denudation cooling in the late Cretaceous (about 92-64 MA). The denudation and cooling of the Cretaceous resulted in the statistics of regional low temperature thermochronology and the response of tectonic sedimentary events. The low-temperature thermochronological data of the Qiangtang block, Lhasa block and Himalayan block show that the Cretaceous early Eocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the Northern Lhasa block and Qiangtang block (within the plateau), while the late Miocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the southern Lhasa block to Himalayan block (southern margin of the plateau), This age distribution pattern suggests that the interior and southern margin of the plateau experienced different erosion cooling histories. Referring to the rapid denudation cooling process in the southern margin of the plateau since late Miocene, it is speculated that there was a Cretaceous rapid denudation cooling event in the interior of the plateau. Early Cretaceous depositional discontinuities and unconformities occurred widely in the Northern Lhasa block, Qiangtang block and its northern area, which also indicated rapid denudation during Cretaceous. Combined with the analysis of regional tectonic evolution, the Cretaceous denudation cooling may be the result of the collision between the Lhasa block and Qiangtang block after the closure of the Bangong Lake Nujiang ocean in Early Cretaceous, which indicates that there may have been obvious shortening, thickening deformation and corresponding denudation cooling in the crust of the plateau before the Cenozoic India Eurasia collision.
zheng Bo
The data include: (1) (a) tectonic map of China（ b) Geological map of Tongling metallogenic area in eastern China (2) The geological map of Fenghuangshan ore field shows the xinwuli granite intrusion and related copper (gold) deposits (3) Section from tieshantou to baoshantou in Fenghuangshan ore field (4) The geological section of baoshandao skarn type copper (gold) deposit shows skarn mineralization in the contact zone between quartz monzodiorite and lower Triassic carbonate rocks. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; Di: Diopside; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; Cal: Calcite (5) The mineral micrographs of skarn, ore and granodiorite in Fenghuangshan skarn deposit（ a) Garnet skarn（ b) And (c) medium coarse pyrite and vein chalcopyrite coexist with quartz, and heterohedral magnetite particles in quartz sulfide stage are filled with quartz or chalcopyrite（ d) Xinwuli granodiorite. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; CHL: chlorite; Mga: magnetite; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; QZ: quartz; KFS: potash feldspar; HBL: amphibole; Bi: biotite
XIE Jiancheng
This data includes three maps: (a) tectonic map of China; (b) geological map of Late Mesozoic Magmatic Rocks and related deposits in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River metallogenic belt; (c) geological map of Chizhou mining area in eastern China. The information in the map includes regional fault distribution, study area location, porphyry stratabound Cu Au Mo deposit, skarn Fe Cu deposit, magnetite apatite deposit, A-type granite belt, Cretaceous volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, late Mesozoic granodiorite and granite. Based on the systematic geochronological and geochemical analysis of the Cu Mo polymetallic deposits in the Ma'anshan fault zone and gaotan fault zone in the East Liuzhou area, the paper makes a deep study on the formation of Cu Mo polymetallic deposits and the genesis of granodiorite (porphyry) in Chizhou area. The above data are published in high-level SCI journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
This data is the stratigraphic histogram of Quanshui Lake in Kunlun mountain area, including the characteristic elements of stratigraphic thickness and lithologic changes, which is based on detailed field survey and indoor analysis. The specific processing method is as follows: through field investigation, obtain the material of formation lithology composition, formation thickness, structural characteristics, etc., and draw the draft of stratigraphic histogram by hand. Back in the room, the lithology of rock is confirmed by thin section identification, and then the histogram is electronized by CorelDRAW software. This map is about 4MB in size with high resolution. It can be used for stratigraphic investigation, lithological analysis, the highest marine strata in Kunlun Mountain, paleontology and paleogeography.
ZHANG Qinghai
This data is a histogram of red coral stratum in Kunlun mountain area, including the characteristic elements of stratum thickness and lithology change, which is based on detailed field survey and indoor analysis. The specific processing method is as follows: through field investigation, obtain the material of formation lithology composition, formation thickness, structural characteristics, etc., and draw the draft of stratigraphic histogram by hand. Back in the room, the lithology of rock is confirmed by thin section identification, and then the histogram is electronized by CorelDRAW software. This map is about 4MB in size with high resolution. It can be used for stratigraphic investigation, lithological analysis, the highest marine strata in Kunlun Mountain, paleontology and paleogeography.
ZHANG Qinghai
Main contents: the dynamic process of ocean continent subduction not only depends on the properties of subducted oceanic plate, but also depends on the properties and state of overlying continental plate, In particular, little is known about the influence of the thermal state of the continental lithosphere on the subduction dynamics. Using two-dimensional thermal mechanical numerical simulation method, the performance of the continental lithosphere with different thermal states in the ocean continent subduction process is discussed The main results and implications are as follows: (1) when the geothermal gradient of the overlying continental crust is low (10 ~ 15 ℃ km − 1), the oceanic plate begins to subduct at a low angle, and then, driven by its own negative buoyancy, the subduction angle gradually increases and rapidly retreats, forming an ocean basin with a width of 600 ~ 1100km, With the continuous retreat of the trench, the horizontal deviatoric stress in the overlying continental plate alternates between positive and negative, lithospheric thinning mainly occurs near the subduction zone, and the surface has obvious extension and subsidence. (2) when the geothermal gradient of the overlying continental crust is higher (greater than 15 ℃ km − 1), the retreat of the oceanic plate promotes the strong extension of the overlying continental plate, The horizontal deviatoric stress in the overlying continental plate is characterized by compression and then tension, resulting in the surface uplift and then slow subsidence. (3) increasing the age of the oceanic lithosphere will accelerate the retreat process of the trench, (4) the movement of the overlying continental plate towards the trench will slow down the retreat of the trench. When the geothermal gradient of the crust is greater than 17.5 ℃ km − 1, the hot continental crust will collapse and thrust to the subducted oceanic lithosphere, This process will also slow down the retreat of the trench. The spatial changes of the subduction process of the paleo Western Pacific plate in the early Cretaceous and their possible influence on the tectonic evolution of the East Asian basin It is considered that the development of the wide rift basin system in the Amur super terrane in the early Cretaceous is related to the slow retreat of the trench and the collapse of the hot crust; The relatively cold North China Craton lithosphere retreated rapidly due to oceanic trench, resulting in the development of passive rift basins on the continental margin
TANG Jiaxuan, CHEN Lin
The collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane and its subsequent tectonic evolution are considered to be the most important event in the Tibetan Plateau before the Cenozoic India Asia collision. In view of this scientific problem, through the study of the late Cretaceous granite in Anduo area of Qiangtang terrane, the following achievements and understandings have been obtained. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, major and trace geochemistry and Sr Nd isotopic analysis have been carried out for the chuburi granite. The zircon U-Pb results of the two samples show that they were formed at 73-74 ma. The geochemical data show that the magmatic rocks have high contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, Al2O3 and total alkali, belonging to the high-k calc alkaline granite series. The normalized REE map of chondrite and the normalized trace element map of primitive mantle show that the magmatic rocks are characterized by enrichment of LREE and hree, enrichment of large ion lithophile elements and depletion of high field strength elements. Based on the analysis of petrological, petrographic and geochemical data, combined with the regional geological data, it is considered that the chuburi magmatic rock was formed by different degrees of mixed melt of mantle derived magma and lower crust derived melt, and then experienced the obvious separation and crystallization process of potash feldspar, plagioclase and other minerals. The formation of chuburi magmatic rocks is related to the delamination of lithosphere after the collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane
HE Haiyang
This data is the whole rock geochemical composition of Cretaceous magmatic rocks in Lhasa block. Including: basalt, andesite, dacite, granite and other lithology. The age span is from Permian to late Cretaceous. Through these data, we can effectively understand the geochemical properties of magmatic rocks in Lhasa block, and further understand the geochemical composition of magmatic rocks in different periods and the evolution characteristics of corresponding source areas. The data testing was completed in Beijing Kehui Testing Co., Ltd. and the sampling was completed by LA-ICP-MS multi receiver plasma mass spectrometry. The laser ablation system was ESI NWR 193nm, and the ICP-MS was analytikjena plasmaquant MS elite ICP-MS. The off-line processing of analytical data (including the selection of samples and blank signals, calibration of instrument sensitivity drift, calculation of element content, U-Th-Pb isotope ratio and age) was completed by software icpmsdata cal.
ZHAI Qingguo
The contents include electron microprobe data and microscopic photographs of the chemical compositions of the granitic dioritic mylonites from Yunmengshan area, Beijing. The EPMA data of Mineral chemical composition were obtained by Joel jxa8230 EPMA instrument in the school of resources and environment, Hefei University of technology. The experimental conditions are as follows: accelerating voltage 15kV, testing current 20na, electron beam spot diameter 5 μ m. For smaller particles, 3 μ M beam spot. The data detection time is 10 ~ 20s, and the experimental error is 0 ± 2%。 Natural minerals were used as standard samples. A total of 5 rock samples were tested. For each matrix mineral (plagioclase, potash feldspar, amphibole) in each sample, at least 3 particles are tested, and generally 3-4 probe points are tested for each mineral particle. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was also performed on the representative plagioclase and K-feldspar plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclas. The chemical composition data of representative minerals are listed in the table. This data can provide data support for the specific temperature conditions and variation rules of ductile deformation of mylonite in Yunmeng Mountain, Beijing.
ZHANG Hui
The contents are the map results required by the project of deep process and resource effect of Yanshanian major geological events, including "pre Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China", "Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" and "Yanshanian tectonic outline map of North China". The base maps of "pre Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" and "Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" are modified from 1:5 million Asian geological map. The "base map" of the Yanshanian structural outline map of North China is composed of 1:250000 geological map of eastern North China. The data of tectonics and geochronology in the map come from the papers published during the implementation of the project and previous research work in eastern China.
LIN Wei
Objectives: The Qiangtang Basin is the largest Mesozoic marine basin in the Xizang( Tibetan) Plateau. There have been a lot of debate about the nature and evolution of the Late Triassic Qiangtang Basin. The Zangxiahe Formation that deposited on the northern of the Qiangtang Basin and consist of sandstone and mudstone sediments,which is an significant record for the Late Triassic property of the Qiangtang Basin. The aims of this study are to constrain the nature and tectonic evolution of the Late Triassic Qiangtang Basin based on their provenance and tectonic setting of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones.Methods: The X-ray fluorescence( XRF) and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass( HR-ICP-MS)are used to make the major and trace elements analysis of the Upper Triassic Zangxiahe Formation sandstones in Ganggairi area,the northern Qiangtang Basin. The major and trace elements analysis of samples were measured in the Analytical Laboratory,Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,China.Results: For the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones,Si O2( 66. 9% ～ 76. 2%) and Al2O3( 10. 6% ～ 13. 2%) are the most abundant oxides. The second most abundant oxides are Fe2O3( 2. 70% ～ 4. 87%),Mg O( 0. 81% ～2. 25%),Ca O( 0. 42% ～ 3. 66%),Na2O( 1. 69% ～ 2. 36%) and K2O( 1. 63% ～ 2. 21%),while other oxides including Mn O,Ti O2 and P2O5 contents are lower than 1. 0%. Elements Si and P show slightly enrichment and other oxides show apparent depletion compared to UCC. In comparison with UCC,large-ion lithophile elements,include Sr,Cs and Ba,are depleted significantly. High field strength elements Zr and Hf have similar geochemical properties and enriched significantly. Transition trace elements,Sc,V,Cr,Co,Ni and Zn,also show apparent depletion. The total rare earth element( ∑REE) contents of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones are 170. 3×10-6～253. 2×10-6( avg. 199. 4×10-6),which are higher than that of the UCC and have significant negative Eu anomaly.Conclusion: The CIA( 55. 0 ～ 65. 9,average 59. 1),CIW( 60. 6 ～ 74. 3,average 65. 9) and PIA( 56. 1 ～70. 6,average 61. 5) values indicate that the intensities of weathering in the source area were weak. No obvious Kmetasomatism occurred in these sandstones based on the A—CN—K diagram and low K2O contents. The relatively high ICV values reflect the source was first-cycle sediments of the active tectonic zone possibly. The Al2O3/Ti O2( 15. 4～21. 6,avg. 18. 5) values of the Zangxiahe Formation are similar to the intermediate igneous rocks,while Ti O2/Zr( 11. 9 ～ 33. 5,avg. 20. 3) values are similar to felsic igneous rocks. The Cr/Th—Sc/Th and Co/Th—La/Sc bivariate diagrams and significant negative Eu anomaly reveal that the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones were potentially derived from felsic igneous rocks,and mixed with minor intermediate igneous rocks. The( Fe2O3 T+Mg O) —Al2O3/Si O2,( Fe2O3 T+ Mg O) —Ti O2,( Fe2O3 T+ Mg O) —Al2O3/( Ca O + Na2O),Si O2—K2O/Na2O and La/Sc—Ti/Zr bivariate diagrams and La—Th—Sc,Th—Co—Zr/10,Th—Sc—Zr/10 triangular diagrams indicate that the source areas of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones were sourced from the active continental margin and continental island arc,while also mixed with minor passive continental margin,which may be formed in the backarc foreland basin.
WANG Zhongwei
Main contents: the continental lithosphere has extensive heterogeneity, but its role in continental rifting is not clear. The effects of lithospheric heterogeneity on the continental rift model are studied using two-dimensional thermo mechanical simulation. Heterogeneity is mainly manifested in the lateral inhomogeneous continental lithosphere, which has a cold western (CW) and a hot Eastern (he) lithosphere. A series of experiments were carried out to explore the influence of lithospheric thermal state, weak zone and extension velocity on continental rift. The main results and implications are as follows: (1) on the he side, the extension of the cwh-e lithosphere always leads to the formation of wide rifts, while the CW side is not deformed（ 2) The existence of weak lithosphere in CW can lead to the formation of wide rift in the East and deep and narrow rift in the West（ 3) The thermal state of the lithosphere strongly influences the rift types and lithospheric deformation patterns. When the crust is extremely hot (tmoho = 900 ℃), a wide rift first appears on the he side, and then a narrow rift forms on the CW side. The extensional velocity mainly affects the time of rift formation, but has no significant effect on the type of rift. Many rift basins developed in the North China Craton (NCC) since the early Cenozoic in response to the subduction and retreat of the Pacific plate. The east of the North China Craton is dominated by wide rifts, while the west of the North China Craton is dominated by narrow rifts. The coexistence of these two types of rifts in the North China Craton is the result of lateral lithospheric heterogeneity, including the pre-existing weak lithospheric regions.
CHEN Lin
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil and gas geological research in the pan third pole in recent years are collected, including basic materials such as strata, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil and gas (potassium salt) geology, especially paleomagnetism Based on the data of paleontology, detrital zircon and geochemistry, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the Cenozoic lithofacies and climate paleogeographic pattern are restored and reconstructed, and the pan tertiary Cenozoic lithofacies paleogeographic map (1) and pan tertiary Cenozoic climate paleogeographic map (3) are obtained, in order to explore the impact of paleogeography, paleostructure and paleoclimate on oil and gas Control and influence of (including potassium salt) resources, so as to reveal the geological conditions of oil and gas formation and the law of resource distribution, and provide scientific basis and technical support for China's overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration deployment.
LI Yalin
The data of major and trace elements were analysed by ICP-MS at the State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements were analysed by LA-ICP-MS at the Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny of CAS, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The international standard samples and reference values measured in the same batch are consistent within the error range, with low blank in the whole process. The samples of YMS and FS batholiths range from diorite to granite (52‒75 wt. % SiO2), and both show the higher bulk rock Fe3+/ΣFe ratios (between 0.3 and 0.6). The Fe3+/ΣFe of low silica (SiO2<65 wt. %) samples of Dabie are consistent with YMS and FS, but the high SiO2 samples show the low ratios (between 0.1 and 0.3) . Compared with MORB, all the samples show the high ƒO2.Majority of zircons Ce4+/Ce3+ and Eu/Eu* ratios are mostly in range of 100-1000, and consistent with ore-bearing porphyries in Chile and China (e.g., Dexing), indicating the high ƒO2. Conversely, the inherited zircon (~2.5 Ga) Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios of Liguo and FS plutons range from 10 to 200, similar to those of ore barren porphyries in Chile, i.e. low ƒO2 .That adakitic rocks with high oxygen fugacity are very widespread in the NCC. Those magmas were derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust with the mixing of mantle materials, and the high ƒO2 characteristic inherited from an oxidized mantle source that has been modified by fluids and/or melt derived from (Paleo)-Pacific plate.
ZHANG Zhekun
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2019.04.003 In the study of the. In this study, 19 inversion points were selected based on the seismic stations in the Cathaysia Block. Under the constraint of shallow P-wave velocity, the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and surface wave dispersion was carried out, and the S-wave velocity structure under the station was obtained. The dataset contains 19 files in the format of DAT, such as cathaysia01.velocity.dat. The data set can be used to show the velocity structure of the lithosphere in the Cathaysia Block and to see the deep mechanism corresponding to a large amount of granite outcropping in the area.
DENG Yangfan
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2020.106617. The S-wave velocity structure under the station is obtained by using the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and the group velocity dispersion of 42 stations located near the Dahutang mining area in Jiangxi Province. The dataset contains 42 files in the format of DAT: for example, dahutang.jx46.velocity.dat. The data set represents the lithospheric velocity structure of the Dahutang mining area and understands the deep mechanism of Dahutang polymetallic mineralization.
DENG Yangfan
Apatite (U-Th)/He data from the Nuomuhong region of the East Kunlun Shan. Apatite (U-Th)/He analysis was conducted at the State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration using the Australian Scientific Instruments (ASI) Alphachron noble gas mass spectrometer and Agilent 7900 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Reproducibility within each sample were reasonably good. We determine the paleodepth of each sample by measuring the distance perpendicularly from the erosion surface to the sample. All new and published ages are plotted against their paleodepth. The age-paleodepth relationship shows a break in slope at ~25 Ma, which is interpreted to initiation of thrusting at northern margin of the East Kunlun Shan.
LI Chaopeng, ZHENG Dewen
We have studied the Petrotectonic attributes of granites distributed in a large area in the North Lancangjiang structure in Bitu area. The major and trace elements and Sr Nd isotopes have been completed in the Key Laboratory of deposit geochemistry, Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Among them, the main elements are analyzed by pw4400 X-ray fluorescence instrument, and the contents of 10 element oxides are determined; Trace elements are tested by ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. ICP-MS is manufactured by Agilent company in Tokyo, Japan, and the model is Agilent 7700x. The analysis method is the same as that of Zhang Xin, etc. According to the analysis results of standard sample gbpc-1de, the analysis error is less than 5%. MC-ICP-MS double focusing magnetic mass spectrometer with Neptune plus model is used for isotope test experiment. The test basis is GB / T 17672-1999.
WANG Shifeng
The data set includes cumulative 3-D deformation variables recorded by 50 continuous and mobile GPS stations 5 years after the 2015 mw7.8 Nepal earthquake. Data from published articles: Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Wang, D., Yu, J., and tan, K. (2021), dynamic modeling of postseismic deformation following the 2015 MW 7.8 Gorkha earth, Nepal, J. Asian Earth SCI., 215104781, Doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2021.104781. The post earthquake deformation data processing process is as follows: firstly, the original observation data are processed to obtain the time series under ITRF reference frame; Then, other effects unrelated to the Nepal earthquake, such as seasonal variation, interannual variation, plate effect, etc., are corrected; Thirdly, the post earthquake time series curve is fitted by logarithmic function; Finally, the post earthquake deformation of any period is calculated by fitting the curve. Five years after the earthquake, the accumulated deformation is nearly 13.8 cm. The horizontal accuracy is not less than 0.6cm, and the vertical accuracy is not less than 2.0cm.
HU Yan
This data set is the structural data of Xuefengshan structural belt in South China, including stratigraphic occurrence, foliation and lineation of metamorphic rocks, and fold axis direction. The data comes from the field measurement of Xuefengshan structural belt in South China. The deformation data of rocks in each structural unit in Xuefengshan structural belt are measured in detail by using geological compass, and the strain parameters are calculated by using Excel indoor, and the solution of strain ellipsoid at each measuring point is finally completed. This data can provide tectonic geological support for the strain heterogeneity in the Xuefengshan tectonic belt and the formation of arc structures in the orogenic belt. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in Excel.
CHU Yang
The late Mesozoic Magmatic arc of the South Qiangtang terrane is related to the long-term subduction of Bangong Lake Nujiang Tethys ocean and the subsequent collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane. However, the geological evolution from oceanic lithosphere subduction to continental collision is not clear. In view of this scientific problem, through the study of volcanic rocks in mudijiangya area of South Qiangtang terrane, the following achievements and understandings have been obtained（ 1) Zircon U-Pb dating data of two groups of volcanic rocks in mudijiangya area, Shuanghu County, central Qinghai Tibet Plateau show that the volcanic rocks of qushenla formation were formed at 114 Ma and those of abushan formation were formed at 76-75 ma（ 2) The original magma of the volcanic rocks in the qushenla formation may be derived from partial melting of mantle peridotite contaminated by crustal materials, which is related to the plate rotation of the northward subducted Bangong Nujiang Tethys oceanic crust（ 3) The original magma of volcanic rocks in the abushan formation may be a mixture of crustal melt and asthenospheric mantle, which is related to the lithospheric delamination in the Lhasa Qiangtang collision area.
HE Haiyang, LI Yalin
This dataset includes 14 detrital zircon U-Pb chronological data from Cretaceous-Pliocene sediments sampled from Tierekesazi section in the Pamir-Tian Shan convergence zone. Detrital zircon in sedments could reveal the coupling of sedimentary basin and adjacented orogenic belt. U-Pb age of detrital zircon is a important method to analysis provenance tracing of sediments in basin. Moreover, this method also could constrain the uplift process of orogenic belt. Purification of detrital zircon grain following standard protocols includes contents, jaw crusher, shaking table, magnetic separator and heavy liquids. The separated zircon grains were mounted in epoxy resin and polished for LA-ICP-MS analysis. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images were taken for potential target spot selection. Each sample chose 120 points as potential target spot, at least. Zircon U-Pb dating was conducted using an Agilent 7500a Q-ICP-MS coupling with a 193 nm COMPex Pro laser. U-Pb age distributions were counted and analysed using DensityPlotter. U-Pb age of sediments of Tierekesazi section reveal chronology of Cretaceous-Pliocene strata of the profile, Tierekesazi section located in the narrow Pamir-Tian Shan convergence zone, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments in the Tierekesazi section were sourced from the adjacent and eroding Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges.which provide a general context for our provenance analyses. This data allowed us to reconstruct the Cretaceous-Pliocene tectonic-geomorphic evolution of the Pamir-Tian Shan corridor.
FU Bihong
Electron microprobe data analysis of tourmaline in tourmaline leucogranite of cuonadong dome in North Himalayan dome belt Data source and processing: EPMA testing, testing laboratory: EPMA laboratory, Key Laboratory of orogenic belt and crustal evolution, Ministry of education, Peking University; The element abundance of tourmaline in the probe slice was measured; Data quality: element abundance error < 0.1% Application of the data in the future: analysis of the source areas of leucogranite and their differences, and discussion of the transformation of fluid action.
ZHANG Jinjiang
The data include: a brief introduction of the geodynamic evolution model of the formation of Cu Mo polymetallic granodiorite (porphyry) in Chizhou area. The changes of geological structure before and after 150mA in Chizhou area, as well as the changes of influence on metallogenic model, are shown in the figure. At 150 mA, Chizhou area was affected by the inversion of the paleo Pacific plate, forming an arc rift environment without marine sediments. The fluid released from the plate melted the mantle wedge material, produced a high oxygen fugacity environment, formed chlorine rich fluid and mixed mantle crust magma, promoted the extraction and migration of metals, and finally formed the copper molybdenum polymetallic deposit in Chizhou area. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
The contents include: plane model diagram of strata deformation and shear strain change after 10% compression of the model of Huangjindong deposit in northeastern Hunan Province; Plane model diagram of strata deformation and shear strain change after 2% extension of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; Plane model diagram of strata deformation and volume strain change after 2% stretching of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; The cross-section model map of strata deformation and shear strain change after 1% compression of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; Section model of strata deformation and volume strain change after 1% compression in Huangjindong deposit, Northeastern Hunan Province; The cross-section model map of strata deformation and shear strain change after 1% stretching of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; The profile model of strata deformation and volume strain change after 1% stretching of the Huangjindong deposit model in northeastern Hunan Province. There are seven Mesozoic tectonic thermal fluid numerical simulation maps in eastern China. The establishment process of plane and profile model: the top surface of the profile model is 3km underground, and the geometric model is 633m long, 20m wide and 512 M high. The lithology of the stratum in the model is sandstone and slate interbedding, and is cut through by a fault. The plane model is 15.3km wide and 12.5km high. The model consists of sandstone, siliceous slate and two kinds of quartz bearing slate with four faults. The stratum and rock mass in the study area are defined as elastic-plastic materials, and the corresponding simulation calculation is carried out based on the Mohr Coulomb strength criterion. The Mohr Coulomb strength criterion is adopted. The permeability and porosity of each geological unit are mainly based on the measured parameters of different geological units in Northeast Hunan, while the mechanical parameters are mainly from the FLAC3D manual or the test data of similar lithology. According to the previous research results and the actual geological characteristics of the mining area, the initial and boundary conditions of deformation and fluid flow are set, and the fluid flux is given to the whole model according to the mode and direction of fluid migration. In the initial state, the initial state of all pores in the rock is water saturation, that is, the saturation is 1. According to the theoretical model of ore-forming fluid pressure of hypabyssal rock, the initial pore pressure in the formation is set as hydrostatic pressure, and the pore pressure on the top surface of the model is fixed. The surface of the model is a permeable boundary, and other boundaries are set as impermeable boundaries. Then the initial geostress is balanced to get the equilibrium state. Then, the mechanical boundary conditions are set for the model. Combined with the characteristics of the ore deposits in northeastern Hunan formed in the tectonic environment of first compression and then tension, the two models are compared with each other, and the symmetrical initial compression velocity (2.425) is applied on the left and right boundaries of one model × 10-9 M / s) to simulate the process of tectonic compression, while the symmetrical initial tension velocity (2. 425 M / s) was applied to the left and right boundaries of the other model × 10-9m / s) to simulate the process of tectonic extension. Main conclusions and Enlightenment: the dynamic mechanism of the mineralization process of Huangjindong gold deposit is discussed through numerical simulation. Under the action of tectonic compression and tectonic extension, a large dilatation area appears in the slate near the fault. The formation of dilatation space can provide a favorable metallogenic space for mineral precipitation and metasomatism, and provide a favorable place for the convergence of ore-forming fluids, The simulation results show that the expansion location is basically corresponding to the known ore body. It also shows that the mineralization process of gold deposits in Northeast Hunan is closely related to mechanical action. At the same time, for other gold deposits or other types of gold deposits in Northeast Hunan, this simulation study also has a certain reference value, that is, through obtaining the relevant metallogenic geological characteristics (tectonic stress environment, rock mechanics parameters, etc.), studying the rock mass properties, strata deformation characteristics and the migration law of ore-forming fluid in the ore body location, It can clearly show the physical process of mineralization, improve the existing metallogenic model, and provide a theoretical basis for further prospecting. The above data have not been published yet. The results are expected to be published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
LI Zenghua
This data set is the original observation data of magnetotelluric method (MT) collected by the project team in Yangbajing Geothermal field, Dangxiong County, Tibet. The data format is EDI and contains 53 files. The data set contains 4 MT profiles, with the distance between survey lines of about 1km and the distance between survey points of about 500m. The field data acquisition equipment adopts the new SEP ground electromagnetic detection system developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. At each MT measuring point, the two horizontal components ex (north-south direction) and ey (east-west direction) of the electric field are measured with a non polarized electrode, and the three components HX (north-south direction), hy (east-west direction) and Hz (plumb bob direction) of the magnetic field are measured with a magnetic sensor. The observation time of each measuring point exceeds 10 hours, and the effective frequency range is 320 hz~0.001 Hz. Through the preprocessing and inversion of the data set, the electrical structure in the depth of 10km in Yangbajing Geothermal field can be obtained, which provides a basis for the location and scale of deep heat sources, heat control and heat conduction structures in the investigation area.
CHEN Weiying
The data set includes garnet, pyroxene, amphibole, muscovite, zoisite and epidote geochemical data of eclogites in the Donghai and Rongcheng area, as well as major data of whole rock. The whole set of data was tested at the VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The single mineral geochemical data were obtained by using jeol8800m electron microprobe analysis, and the main elements of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis. The above data have been published in SCI Journal of Earth Science, and the data are authentic. Through the analysis of this set of data, the regional metamorphism process can be effectively constrained, and the subduction denudation history of the terrane can be analyzed.
LI Zhuoyang, LI Yilong
The data are the radioisotope data of Baoji granite, the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock and the major geochemical data of minerals. The samples are collected from Baoji granite body in Baoji area of Qinling orogenic belt, including biotite syenite, coarse-grained, porphyritic and fine-grained syenite, alkali feldspar granite and magnesian monzodiorite. The radiou-pb geochronology data were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the Hf isotope and whole rock SR Nd isotope of radiozircon were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major geochemical data of biotite and amphibole are obtained by electron microprobe analysis. The data obtained show that the syn collisional A-type granites were controlled by the Middle Triassic early Jurassic oblique continental collision, which means that the A-type granites can also be formed in the syn collisional environment.
REN Long
The separation of zircon was completed by heavy liquid and magnetic separation in the laboratory of Hebei geological team. Cathodoluminescence images are used to observe the internal structure of zircon particles, and appropriate points are selected for analysis and research. U. Th and Pb were determined in La ⁃ ICP ⁃ ms of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. For detailed analysis methods, see Li et al. (2009). Zircon standard sample and zircon sample are determined alternately in the ratio of 1 ∶ 3. The U ⁃ th ⁃ Pb isotope ratio was corrected with the standard zircon pl é sovice (337 Ma, SL á Ma et al., 2008), and the standard sample Qinghu (159.5 Ma, Li et al., 2009) was used as the accuracy of the monitoring data of the unknown sample. The isotopic ratio and age error are all 1 σ。 The data results are processed by isoplot software (Ludwig, 2001). On the basis of zircon u ⁃ Pb dating, select the age point with good harmony, and delineate the Hf isotope point in the micro area consistent with the ring trend of the age point. Zircon Hf isotope analysis is carried out on Neptune Plusma II multi receiver plasma mass spectrometer and nwr193uc 193 nm laser sampling system. See Liu et al. (2008) for detailed steps of the instrument. The diameter of laser ablation spot beam is generally 60 μ m. Each measuring point includes 10 s pre denudation, 45 s denudation and 30 s cleaning time. During the sample test, 91500 is taken as the standard sample, and its 176hf / 177hf = 0.282 286 ± 12 (2 σ， n = 21）。
WANG Shifeng
The data of major and trace elements were analysed by ICP-MS at the State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements were analysed by LA-ICP-MS at the Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny of CAS, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The international standard samples and reference values measured in the same batch are consistent within the error range, with low blank in the whole process. The data quality is accurate and reliable. The samples of Guandian pluton show high SiO2 (59.15-62.32%), Al2O3 (14.51-15.38%), Sr (892-1184 ppm), Sr/Y (57.63-86.32) and low Y (12.65-18.05 ppm), similar to typical geochemical features of adakite. The Guandian adakite also exhibits high K2O (2.88-3.86%), MgO (3.89-5.24%) and Mg# (55-60), negative anomalies of high field strength elements (HFSE, e.g., Nb, Ta and Ti) and positive anomalies of Ba, Pb and Sr. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded a weighted average age of 129.2 ± 0.7 Ma. Calculations of zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ (6.79-145) and (Eu/Eu*)N (0.23-0.42) on the basis of in situ zircon trace element analysis indicate that the magma had a lower oxygen fugacity relative to the ore-bearing adakites in the LYRB and Dexing, which is consistent with the fact of ore-barren in the research area. In combination with previous research, we propose that Guandian adakite was formed by partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust triggered by Early Cretaceous ridge subduction of the Pacific and Izanagi plates.
LUO Zebin
This data set includes major and trace data of whole rock, chemical data of amphibole plagioclase, zircon u-pb-hf isotope data and amphibole Ar isotope data of amphibolite and epidote amphibolite in Xilinhot area, Inner Mongolia. The major element data of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis, the trace element data by ICP-MS analysis, the chemical data of hornblende plagioclase minerals by EPMS analysis, the zircon U-Pb isotope data by LA-ICP-MS analysis, the zircon Hf isotope data by mc-la-icp-ms analysis, and the hornblende ar Ar isotope data by gv-5400 mass spectrometer. The above data were obtained in 2017 and published in gsab, a top international geoscience journal. The data are true and reliable. Through this set of data, we can analyze the characteristics of magma source area, understand the regional metamorphism events, and improve the Paleozoic tectonic evolution framework of the Central Asian orogenic belt.
LI Yilong
The data are 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotites from granitic mylonites and gneissic granites in Yuechengling dome, South China. Firstly, the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then the biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. Before preparing for dating, biotite was reexamined and fresh, transparent and inclusion free crystals were selected. The experiments were carried out in the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and in the 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories. Mm5400 mass spectrometer was used to measure 40Ar / 39Ar with high resolution. Then, arcalc, a plug-in of Excel, is used to further process the original data. The data provide chronological support for the explanation of the formation process and dynamic mechanism of Yuechengling dome. The above data have been published in tectonics, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in the form of Excel.
CHU Yang
This data belongs to zircon U-Pb geochronology data of Jurassic strata in Yanshan tectonic belt, including Pb, 232Th, 238U contents, 207Pb / 206Pb, 2upb geochronology data of early Mesozoic strata in Yanshan technological belt (230-225ma). Docx07pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ratio and error, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U age and error data, etc. Zircon U-Pb dating was performed in the ion probe Laboratory of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences using cameca ims-1280hr. The U-Th-Pb isotopic ratios were determined by standard zircon pl é Sovice correction was achieved. The U content was obtained by standard zircon 91500 correction. Simultaneous interpreting of the standard deviation and the internal accuracy of the single point test was achieved by the standard sample of long term monitoring, and the single point error was obtained. The accuracy of the standard sample Qinghu was used as the unknown sample monitoring data. The measured 204Pb value is used for ordinary Pb correction. The error of isotope ratio and age is 1 σ。 The harmonious age and average age were calculated by using the isoplot software. The results of geochronology are published in Tectonophysics, and the data quality is reliable. It plays a key role in determining the Middle Jurassic stratigraphic age and tectonic deformation age of Yanshan structural belt, and has a good application prospect.
WU Guoli
The data consist of two parts: AMS data of the Dayunshan-Mufushan pluton and 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotite, amphibole and Muscovite in the granitic mylonite and mica schist in the southern margin of the pluton. In the field, a portable gasoline drill was used to collect rock core columns, and then the samples were cut into standard columns with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a height of 2.2 cm indoor. The final test was completed in the paleomagnetism Laboratory of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The 40Ar-39Ar dating of minerals mainly includes the following steps. Firstly, the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then the biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. Before preparing for dating, biotite was reexamined and fresh, transparent and inclusion free crystals were selected. The experiments were carried out in the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and in the 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories. Mm5400 mass spectrometer was used to measure 40Ar / 39Ar with high resolution. Then, arcalc, a plug-in of Excel, is used to further process the original data. The data provide chronological support for the interpretation of emplacement process and dynamic mechanism of dayunshan Mufushan pluton. The above data have been published in the Journal of geophysical research: solid earth, and the data are true and reliable
JI Wenbin
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the 1:250000 geological map and 1:1 million regional geological chronicles of Tibet in eastern Tibet, the latest research progress of existing strata, rocks and structures in Sanjiang area is collected, especially the systematic research on Jinsha River suture zone, Bitu suture zone and Bangong Lake Nujiang suture zone. The area is divided into Songpan Ganzi flysch zone, North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate South Qiangtang Baoshan massif and Gangdise Lhasa massif are several main tectonic units; On this basis, Songpan Ganzi block is further divided into three sub units: Bayankala block, Ganzi Litang lake basin system and Zhongzan block; The North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate is subdivided into five units: Jinshajiang paleoTethys belt, Changdu terrane, Lanping Simao terrane, Lincang volcanic rock belt and Bitu paleoTethys belt; The Nanqiangtang Baoshan tectonic system is subdivided into three tectonic units: Nanqiangtang block, Baoshan block and Bangong Lake Nujiang middle Tethys belt. The new structural unit division provides basic data for earthquake disaster prevention, engineering geology and Qiangtang oil and gas exploration.
WANG Shifeng
1) This paper reports a new fossil assemblage of sinoalid at the top of the Jurassic Daohugou bed, summarizes the distribution and evolution of the froghoppers in the Daohugou biota, and reveals the paleoecological significance. 2) The fossil material comes from the top layer of Daohugou bed. V16 microscope is used to photograph the fossils, PS software is used to make plates, and CDR software is used to draw line drawings and map. 3) A total of 12 fossils of the sinoalids are well preserved in the gray tuffaceous shale. 4) This paper summarizes the assemblage characteristics of sinoalids in different layers from bottom to top of the Jurassic Daohugou biota, and analyzes the distribution, evolution and paleoecological significance of the Cercopoidea.
FU Yanzhe
Supported by the national key R & D Program "deep processes and resource effects of Yanshanian major geological events" project "comprehensive geophysical exploration and deep processes of key corridors", we completed two OBS wide-angle seismic profiles in the East China Sea shelf area in 2017 and 2019. Based on the obtained OBS Data, the deep crustal structure of the East China Sea shelf is obtained by using the forward and inversion methods of tomography. The velocity structure reveals that the crustal thickness decreases from 30km in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt to 15km in continental shelf basin, and the corresponding crustal velocity changes from 4.40-7.15km/s to 4.30-6.90km/s. Based on the previous studies, we find that there are high magnetic anomalies in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt. We think that the crustal structure of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt is quite different from that of continental shelf basin. The East China Sea may not be the extension of South China continental margin; There is a high velocity anomaly with a width of about 50km and a velocity of 7.15km/s at the junction of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt and continental shelf basin. We speculate that the anomaly is a Mesozoic suture zone, and the high velocity anomaly is related to the magmatic activity caused by plate tearing when the paleo Pacific plate subducted and retreated.
DING Weiwei, WEI Xiaodong
Data content: This data set is the quantitative comprehensive mineral facies analysis data of tectonite from RAMBA gneiss dome obtained by the Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer. The data includes the type, content, structural characteristics, distribution characteristics of the whole mineral facies in the tectonite, as well as the type, abundance and main hosted mineral facies information of the full spectrum elements. Data source and processing method: The data were obtained by four high spatial and temporal resolution EDAX energy spectrometers mounted on a Tescan field emission scanning electron microscope. The electrons outside the atomic nucleus of a measuring point on the mineral surface are bombarded by a high-energy electron beam, the transition between different energy levels or excited to escape into free electrons and release photons with a certain energy. The type and content of the mineral element can be accurately calibrated by the signals captured by different energy channels of the energy spectrum detector. Then, automatic comparison and matching are carried out in the database with nearly 5000 mineral phases, so as to fulfill the accurate determination of mineral phases and the element abundance mapping. The voltage is 25 kV, the working distance is 15mm, and the spot size is 100nm. Data quality description: Due to four energy spectrum detectors being equipped, the data acquisition time is short, the accuracy is high, the requirements for sample morphology are low, the detection limit is low, the data quality is very high and strongly reliable. Data application achievements and prospects: Sample size is 27mm x 47mm standard optical thin section, scanning area is full slice scanning with High-resolution scanning mode, and the step size is set to 1μm. Through data analysis, we have obtained the mineral assemblage characteristics of each structural unit of the Ramba gneiss dome, completed the metamorphic grade and metamorphic facies zoning, and put forward the structural thermal evolution model of the Ramba gneiss dome. This technic has been widely recognized and used in structural geology, petrology, geochronology, ore selecting, metallurgy, metal processing and manufacturing, and other disciplines and industries.
CHEN Siyu
This data set is the original observation data of magnetotelluric method (MT) collected by the project team in Yangyi geothermal field, Dangxiong County, Tibet. The data format is EDI and contains 36 files. The data set contains 3 MT profiles, with the distance between survey lines of about 1km and the distance between survey points of about 500m. The field data acquisition equipment adopts the new SEP ground electromagnetic detection system developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. At each MT measuring point, the two horizontal components ex (north-south direction) and ey (east-west direction) of the electric field are measured with a non polarized electrode, and the three components HX (north-south direction), hy (east-west direction) and Hz (plumb bob direction) of the magnetic field are measured with a magnetic sensor. The observation time of each measuring point exceeds 10 hours, and the effective frequency range is 320 hz~0.001 Hz. Through the preprocessing and inversion of the data set, the electrical structure in the depth of 10km in Yangyi geothermal field can be obtained, which provides a basis for the location and scale of deep heat sources, heat control and heat conduction structures in the investigation area.
CHEN Weiying
This data set contains zircon U-Pb dating, zircon Hf isotope, whole-rock principal, and trace element data of diorite granite and andesite dacite in Xinjiang area, south of bango, Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data results are from the Zhai Qingguo research team, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data are of good quality and can be used to study the ocean closure process of Bangong Lake Nujiang suture in the central Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the subsequent collision process of Lhasa Qiangtang block, magmatism, and the Cretaceous crustal regeneration and reconstruction of Lhasa block in the central and Northern Qinghai Tibet Plateau. At the same time, this data also provides zircon CL images and reflection photos of all samples, zircon location for reference and comparison, and also provides a basis for the chronology of magmatic rocks and zircon genesis in the study area at the same time. Zircon U-Pb age instrument: obtained from laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), zircon Hf isotope instrument: Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC – ICP – MS), connected by a goals-193 laser ablation system. The main and trace elements of the whole rock are measured by the National Experimental Center (Academy of Geosciences), Major elements: (XRF; Axios – pw4400), trace elements: ICP-MS; PerkinElmer NexION 300D。
WANG Wei
Attached tables S1-S14 are the experimental data of Naran Eclogite in Pakistan. Table S1-S3 and table s12-s13 are the main element compositions of minerals analyzed on thin slices using jeol jxa8230 electron microprobe instrument. We used on-line atomic absorption fluorescence (ZAF type) correction and adopted the following standards: jadeite (Na, Al), olivine (mg), diopside (Si, CA), orthoclase (k), rutile (TI), rosaxene (MN), hematite (FE), fluorite (f) and NaCl (CL). The analytical accuracy of CL is ± 0.01wt%, and that of other elements is 0.01-0.2wt%. The amount of Fe3 + was calculated according to stoichiometric constraints using program ax (Holland and Powell et al., 1998). For table S4, Zr in rutile was analyzed in the State Key Laboratory of lithospheric evolution. Cameca sxvive EPMA was used, the ACC voltage was 20kV, the beam current of Ti was 50na, Zr and other trace elements were 300na, and the peak counting time of Ti was 10s, while the peak counting time of Zr and other trace elements was 120s. The detection limit (3sigma) of Zr is 70 ppm. Meanwhile, the reference rutile of r10b detected by LA-ICP-MS was measured, and the EPMA error was less than 10%. For table S5-S6 and table s9-s10, U-Pb dating was carried out by cameca ims-1280 Sims of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The operation and data processing procedures were completed according to Li et al. (2009). We use 20 × thirty μ M, and the U-Th-Pb ratio and absolute abundance relative to standard zircon plesovice and 91500 were determined. The long-term measurement error of 206Pb / 238U standard zircon is 1.5% (1rsd) will propagate (Li et al., 2010), although the 206Pb / 238U error of a single measurement is usually 1% (1rsd) or less. Assuming that the source of ordinary Pb is mainly surface pollution, we corrected ordinary Pb using the measured 204Pb and the current average Pb composition (Stacey and Kramers, 1975). The data of individual analysis and summary analysis are calculated with one standard deviation (1) σ) And two standard deviations (2 σ) In the form of. Data reduction was performed using the program isoplot / ex v. 3.23 (Ludwig, 2003). For tables s7-s8, geochronological data and REE components are measured by la-icpmas. Standard samples gj-1 (calibration standard) and plesovice (second standard) are used as external standard samples for U-Pb dating calibration. Plesovice (calibration standard) and NIST 612 (second standard) are used as external standards for trace element content calibration. For table s9-s10, rutile U-Pb dating was obtained on cameca ims-1280 Sims. We determined the U-Th-Pb ratio and absolute abundance relative to standard zircon plesovice and 91500. The long-term measurement error of 206Pb / 238U of standard zircon is 1.5% (1 RSD), although the single measurement error of 206Pb / 238U is 1% (1 RSD) or less. For table S11, a summary of symbiotic assemblages of representative Naran eclogite samples based on the above results is provided. For table S14. The PT condition is calculated by the geological thermobarometer. Attached figure SF1. (a) PL, BT, AMP and QZ with small particle size are produced in the core of large particle GRT in the form of inclusions, sample sn07. (b) Dol and QZ with small particle size occur in the core of GRT in the form of inclusions. B-B 'represents the chemical composition profile of large grain garnet, sample sn07. (c) Omphacite phenocrysts are replaced by syncrysts after CPX + pl. (d) Omphacite phenocrysts are replaced by the alternating structure of Bt + amp + pl.
ZHANG Dingding , ZHANG Dingding, DING Lin
This data set is geochemical data collected from the Middle Cretaceous gajin granite in the gomangcuo ziguicuo area, southern NIMA County, Tibet. It includes the data of major elements in whole rock obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and trace elements obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Nd isotopic data of rocks were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); The Hf isotopic data of zircons were analyzed by laser ablation combined with multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Zircon U-Pb isotope data and trace element data measured by laser ablation combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. These data combined with the spatial and temporal distribution of regional magmatic rocks provide new constraint on the timing of the collision between Lhasa and Qiangtang terrane.
YANG Zong-Yong, WANG Qiang
The data are zircon U-Pb geochronology data of volcanic rocks, whole rock major and trace geochemical data and Sr nd HF radiogenic isotope data, major element geochemical data of minerals and zircon Hf isotope data. The samples were collected from the volcanic rocks of the qushenla formation in the Gaize area, South Qiangtang, Tibet. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and secondary ion probe analysis. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The SR nd Hf isotopic data were obtained by ICP-MS with multiple receivers, the major element data of minerals were obtained by EPMA, and the zircon Hf isotopic data were obtained by ICP-MS with laser ablation and multiple receivers. The obtained data can define the age, petrogenesis and dynamic process of regional magmatism.
HAO Lulu
The data are 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotite from the Miaoershan dome in Xuefeng mountain, South China. Mica schist was collected in the field, and then the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. The experiments were carried out in 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories of the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Firstly, the high-resolution 40Ar / 39Ar of mm5400 mass spectrometer was measured, and then the original data was further processed by the plug-in ararcalc of Excel software. The data provide chronological support for the collapse process and dynamic mechanism of Triassic Xuefengshan plateau. The above data have been published in Tectonophysics, and the data are true and reliable.
CHU Yang
The data are the radioisotope geochronology data of ore-forming porphyry, the main trace and isotopic data of whole rock, and the mineral trace and isotopic data. The samples were collected from the metallogenic granite porphyry of yuanzhuding porphyry Cu Mo deposit in qinhang belt. Radioisotope geochronology data were obtained from zircon U-Pb isotope analysis by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and molybdenite Re Os isotope analysis by hot electron inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively, The whole rock SR Nd isotope and zircon Hf isotope were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the mineral trace was obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data, combined with the data of other porphyry deposits in the Qinhang belt, can limit the characteristics of magma source area, thus revealing that in the thick "inland" crust, different degrees of crust mantle material participation can form different metallogenic types.
REN Long
This data set includes cathodoluminescence images (CL images) of detrital zircons from sandstone of Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata in the Southern Qiangtang terrane and Early Cretaceous Hauterivian-Albian strata in the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone, Tibetan Plateau. The sampling and shooting time is 2018-2019. The sampling areas of Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata are Jiaco and Ritu areas of the Southern Qiangtang terrane. The sampling areas of Early Cretaceous Hauterivian-Albian strata are Baerqiao, Mabujiaco, Duochang and Kama areas of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone. CL images were taken in the Continental Dynamics Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China These data provide a key limit for understanding the closing of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone. The opening time of Bangong‐Nujiang Ocean is limited to 300-279Ma, and the closing time is limited to 110-100 Ma, which is of great significance to explore the tectonic evolution of Tethys Ocean. The related articles of the data set have been published in the well-known journals《Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology》,《Tectonics》,《Geoscience Frontiers》, and the data results are true and reliable.
FAN Jianjun
The table contains 40Ar / 39Ar dating information of mylonite samples from the Korean Peninsula. At first, the samples were separated by crushing → water bleaching → sieving → magnetic separation → specific gravity liquid separation, and then the single mineral dating samples such as biotite, amphibole and Muscovite were selected by hand under binocular lens. The experimental method is 40Ar / 39Ar dating. After pretreatment, the samples were irradiated in the "swimming pool reactor" of the Chinese Academy of atomic energy. The helix MC of the Institute of geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences was used to heat the samples in stages. The isoplot program was used to calculate the plateau age and the positive and negative isochrons. This data can provide data support for understanding the eastward extension of the Dabie Sulu orogenic belt on the Korean Peninsula.
WU Yudong
This data set contains zircon U-Pb dating, zircon Hf isotope, whole rock major and trace elements, and whole rock SR Nd isotope data of Cambrian magmatic rocks in the central Qinghai Tibet Plateau, from Zhai Qingguo research team, Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data quality is excellent, which can be used for the study of the early formation and evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the paleogeographic reconstruction of the Precambrian supercontinent, as well as the reconstruction of global ancient plates and paleogeographic restoration. This provides key information for understanding the early evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Zircon U-Pb dating data were obtained by shrimp II ion probe, and zircon HF isotopes were obtained by Neptune multicollector (MC) ICP-MS equipped with a geolas 200 m ARF exciter 193 nm laser ablation system.
TANG Yue TANG Yue
This data set mainly includes the whole rock major and trace, zircon U-Pb-Hf isotope data and biotite Ar-Ar chronology data of paragneiss in Xilinhot area, Inner Mongolia. The samples are collected from Xilinguole complex, including biotite plagioclase gneiss, two mica plagioclase gneiss and sericite plagioclase gneiss. The major elements of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis, trace elements by ICP-MS analysis, zircon U-Pb isotope data by LA-ICPMS analysis, zircon Hf isotope data by MC-ICPMS analysis, biotite Ar -Ar data by GV-5400 mass spectrometer analysis. The above data have been published in the international well-known journal Gondwana research, and the data are authentic. Through this set of data, we can effectively identify the fore arc sedimentary basin system of the South Mongolia micro block, constrain the rock formation age and material source, and indicate the tectonic affinity of the South Mongolia micro block.
LI Yilong
The contents include: there is a sudden change of lithospheric thickness between the old Craton and the adjacent young active belt, Small scale mantle convection (boundary driven convection) can be induced by the transverse difference of temperature and density between the two. The boundary convection caused by the lithospheric step between the craton and the active zone and its role in the lithospheric thinning of the craton are discussed by using two-dimensional thermo mechanical numerical simulation method, When the density of the craton lithosphere is relatively high, the high-intensity craton lithosphere has a strong ability to resist boundary driven convection, and the thinning of the craton lithosphere is limited to the edge. However, the low-intensity craton lithosphere has a weak ability to resist boundary driven convection, When the density of the cratonic lithosphere is relatively small, no matter the strength of the cratonic lithosphere is high or low, the low density of the cratonic lithosphere can well inhibit the influence of boundary driven convection, The lithospheric thinning of the Archean North China Craton was confined by Phanerozoic active zones. The lithospheric thinning of the craton first occurred in the northern and Eastern margins and experienced a slow process, We believe that boundary driven convection may play an important role in the lithospheric thinning process of the North China Craton, especially in the initiation process of lithospheric thinning, but we can not rule out the joint action of other multiple mechanisms
CHEN Lin
This data set is the zircon cathodoluminescence image data (CL image) and chronology data set of rencuo ophiolite in the central Qinghai Xizang Plateau. The lithology of the sample includes gabbro, diabase and plagioclase granite. The formation age is about 160-150ma, and the sampling and shooting time is 2019-2020. The separation of zircon was completed in Hebei Regional Geological Survey Institute. Conventional heavy liquid and magnetic separation methods were used for separation, and finally pure zircon was selected under binocular microscope. The sample target was prepared in the Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The diameter of the sample target was 25 mm. The cathode fluorescence image analysis of zircon was completed on the cathode fluorescence analysis system of Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Hitach s-3000n field emission environmental scanning electron microscope and chroma cathode fluorescence spectrometer of Gatan company). Zircon U-Pb dating data were obtained by shrimp II ion probe of Beijing ion probe center, and the data accuracy was ~ 0.5-1ma. These data provide a key limit for understanding the formation and evolution of the Tethys ocean in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and have comparative significance for the study of oceanic zircons. The data association results have been published in the Geological Society of America Bulletin. The data results have been peer reviewed and the data quality is true and reliable.
TANG Yue TANG Yue
This data set includes the whole rock major and trace element geochemical data and zircon U-Pb isotope data of the Carboniferous Permian mafic intrusive rocks in Xilinhot area. The major element data of the whole rock are obtained by XRF, the trace element data of the whole rock are obtained by ICP-MS, and the zircon U-Pb isotope data are obtained by la-icp-ms. This set of data has been published in Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), a geoscience SCI journal. Through the analysis of this set of data, the characteristics of magma source area and regional tectonic evolution history can be effectively constrained.
WANG Ke, LI Yilong
Data content: A large number of strongly deformed quartz veins are developed in the Ramba Dome, which records the fluid activity information in the extensional structure. Raman analysis of inclusions in quartz veins in the footwall and hangingwall of the STDS show that the main liquid phase component of inclusions is H2O and the gas phase components are CO2 and CH4. The existence of CO2 and CH4 represents the contribution of deep source fluids. The main source of CO2 is related to regional and contact metamorphism in the Ramba Dome. This data set has been published in the geological journal. Data source and processing method: The experimental work is mainly studied by WiTEC GmbH micro confocal Raman spectroscopy imaging system (alpha300R). The Raman experimental data analysis is completed in the laboratory of WiTEC Beijing demonstration center, using 532 nm laser as excitation light source, and the Raman spectral data is processed by WiTEC Project Five software. Data quality: The scanning area is 8 µm × 7 µ m, including 504 pixels, the integration time of each pixel is 1s, the spatial resolution is 350 nm, the data quality is high and the reliability is strong. Data application achievements and prospects: Through the analysis of mineral facies of inclusions, we observed the spatial distribution, correlation and chemical differences of different components of gas-liquid phase in quartz vein inclusions in Ramba Dome. The experimental method is based on the fast Raman imaging technology with high sensitivity and high resolution, which solves many difficult tests pain points in the geological field. At the same time, WiTEC Raman system provides excellent expansion performance for many scientific research workstations with its open structure, which greatly reduces the difficulty of realizing various in-situ experiments such as high and low temperature, high pressure, and reaction process.
LI Xiaorong, ZHANG Bo
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