This data set is from the paper: Ding, L., Spicer, R.A., Yang, J., Xu, Q., Cai, F.L., Li, S., Lai, q.z., Wang, H.Q., Spicer, t.e.v., Yue, Y.H., Shukla, A., Srivastava, g., Khan, M.A., BERA, S., and Mehrotra, R. 2017. Quantifying the rise of the Himalaya origin and implications for the South Asian monsoon. Geography, 45:215-218. This achievement is part of a series of research results of paleoaltitude carried out by Ding Lin' team. We reconstruct the rise of a segment of the southern flank of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen, to the south of the Lhasa terrane, using a paleoaltimeter based on paleoenthalpy encoded in fossil leaves from two new assemblages in southern Tibet (Liuqu and Qiabulin) and four previously known floras from the Himalaya foreland basin. U-Pb dating of zircons constrains the Liuqu flora to the latest Paleocene (ca. 56 Ma) and the Qiabulin flora to the earliest Miocene (21–19 Ma). The proto-Himalaya grew slowly against a high (~4 km) proto–Tibetan Plateau from ~1 km in the late Paleocene to ~2.3 km at the beginning of the Miocene, and achieved at least ~5.5 km by ca. 15 Ma. Contrasting precipitation patterns between the Himalaya-Tibet edifice and the Himalaya foreland basin for the past ~56 m.y. show progressive drying across southern Tibet, seemingly linked to the uplift of the Himalaya orogen.
DING Lin
These datasets fill the data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, they contain CSR RL06 Mascon and JPL RL06 Mascon. They take China as the study area, and the dataset includes "Decimal_time”, "lat”, "lon”, "time”, "time_bounds”, "TWSA_REC" and "Uncertainty" 7 parameters in total. Among them, "Decimal_time” corresponds to decimal time. There are 191 months from April 2002 to December 2019 (163 months for GRACE data, 17 months for GRACE-FO data, and 11 months for the gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO. We have not filled the missing data of individual months between GRACE or GRACE-FO data). "lat" corresponds to the latitude range of the data; "lon" corresponds to the longitude range of the data; "time" corresponds to the cumulative day of the data from January 1, 2002. And "time_bounds" corresponding to the cumulative day at the start date and end date of each month. “TWSA_REC" represents the monthly terrestrial water storage anomalies from April 2002 to December 2019 in China; "Uncertainty" is the uncertainty between the data and CSR RL06 Mascon products. We use GRACE satellite data from CSR GRACE/GRACE-FO RL06 Mascon solutions (version 02), China Gauge-based Daily Precipitation Analysis (CGDPA, version 1.0) data, and CN05.1 temperature dataset. The precipitation reconstruction model was established, and the seasonal and trend terms of CSR RL06 Mascon products were considered to obtain the dataset of terrestrial water storage anomalies in China. The data quality is good as a whole, and the uncertainty of most regions in China is within 5cm. This dataset complements the nearly one-year data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO satellites, and provides a full time series for long-term land water storage change analysis in China. As the CSR RL06 Mascon product, the average value between 2004.0000 and 2009.999 is deducted from this dataset. Therefore, the 164-174 months (i.e., July 2017 to May 2018) of this dataset can be directly extracted as the estimation of terrestrial water storage anomalies during the gap period. The reconstruction method for the gap of JPL RL06 Mascon is consistent with that of CSR RL06 Mascon.
ZHONG Yulong, FENG Wei, ZHONG Min, MING Zutao
Since the formation of Heihe River, sporopollen data samples have been collected from the drilling strata of Da'ao well in the middle reaches of Heihe River. Drilling location: 39.491 n, 99.605 E. The drilling depth is 140 meters. 128 samples of sporopollen are collected from top to bottom. At present, there are 19 data of sporopollen results, which are distributed in each sedimentary facies from top to bottom. The sporopollen samples were removed from carbonate, organic matter, silicate and other impurities in the laboratory, and the species and data of sporopollen were identified under the microscope. Sporopollen results mainly include the percentage content and number of trees, shrubs, herbs, aquatic, ferns and other families and genera.
HU Xiaofei, PAN Baotian
The landform information integration in western China was completed by a team led by Dr. Xie chuanjie, from the institute of geography, resources and environment, Chinese academy of sciences.It includes 1:400,000 national geomorphologic database and 1:100,000 western geomorphologic database. 1:400,000 geomorphologic data are "China geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by LI Bingyuan and "China and its adjacent areas geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by CHEN Zhiming. Scan and register the data, vectorize all the registered maps by using ArcMap software, and establish their own classification and code system. According to map spots (common staining) and symbols, geomorphic types are divided into basic geomorphic types and morphological structure types (points, lines and planes). 1:1000000 western geomorphic data is integrated and updated by digital geomorphology based on multi-source data such as remote sensing image and adopts hierarchical interpretation method.Plains and mountains;Primary geomorphic types (25 types),10 genetic types: secondary genetic types: subdivision of morphological differences. The type of geomorphic material whose composition or lithology is determined. Conducted among 16 landscape points of interpretation work, their Numbers are: 45 (Kathmandu), G - G - 46 (the) wrong, H - 44 (pli), 45 (xigaze), H - H - 46 (Lhasa), H - 47 (qamdo), 43 (Islamabad), I - I - 44 (lion spring river), 45 (change), I - I - (amdo) 46, 47 (yushu), J - I - 43 (kashi) (wada), J, J - 44-45 (JuMo), 46 (golmud), J J - - 47 (xining)
ZHOU Chenghu, CHENG Weiming
Sketch map of 1:50000 geological map of hulugou small watershed in 2012, hulugou watershed is composed of Quaternary loose stratum and pre Cenozoic bedrock stratum. The pores of the bedrock stratum are mainly fissures and covered with thin residual slope deposits. The Pleistocene alluvial proluvial sand gravel layer (q3al + PL) above the piedmont plain is dominant. The loose formation in the front of the glacier is Holocene moraine gravel layer (q4gl), which is distributed under the modern cirque and forms lateral moraine and final moraine dike (ridge).
SUN Ziyong, CHANG Qixin
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by Geological Publishing House. Based on 177 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey data, the regional strata and structure stratigraphic system are systematically determined, including 9 strata and structure stratigraphic areas, 36 strata and structure stratigraphic areas and 63 strata and structure stratigraphic areas. The lithostratigraphic division and correlation sequence of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas are established. A large number of geological records of geological evolution and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau are presented, which focus on the new discovery, new progress and new understanding of geological investigation and research. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil-gas geological research in Pan third pole in recent years, including basic materials such as stratum, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil-gas (potash) geology, especially paleomagnetism and paleogenesis On the basis of zircon and geochemical data, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate palaeogeographic pattern of Jurassic period are restored and reconstructed, and the paleogeographic map of lithofacies and climate of Pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) and pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) are obtained, aiming to discuss paleogeography and paleostructure The control and influence of paleoclimate on oil and gas (including potash) resources, in order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution rules of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration and deployment in China.
LI Yalin
This data set comprises pictures of geological sections and landscape of Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin in the north of Tibetan Plateau which produced on achievement of geological survey in these years. The process of section pictures drawing comprises: measurement of different stratas by hand; identify and description of stratas by experienced geological researcher; picture production with software, based on information collected above. Landscape pictures were drew from satellite maps as base map, then added texts with software. All the pictures are clear, detailed and comprehensive. They are very critical for research on geology, geomorphology of the important localities in the north of Tibetan Plateau, such as Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin, and necessary for paleo-altimetry and uplift of Tibetan Plateau.
The data set of hydrogeological elements in the typical frozen soil area of Qilian Mountain mainly includes groundwater type, water richness (single water inflow or single spring flow), main rivers and tributaries, spring water (falling springs, spring groups, large springs, Mineral spring distribution), borehole (pressure water borehole, submerged borehole, gravity flow borehole distribution), fault zone (compressive fracture, tensile fracture), angle unconformity boundary, parallel unconformity boundary, west branch of upper Heihe River The boundary of the watershed, the seasonal frozen soil area and the permafrost distinguish the boundary, the distribution of modern glaciers and swamps. This data set of hydrogeological elements can provide background information for the hydrological ecological process and hydrogeological environment in cold regions. This data comes from the vectorization of four 1: 200,000 hydrogeological maps (Qilian, Yenigou, Qilian, and Sunan) and reintegrates the groundwater types. With higher resolution, the data can provide background information for the research on the evolution of water and soil resources and environmental changes in the source area of the Pan-Third Pole River.
SUN Ziyong
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. It is published by the Geological Publishing House. The geotectonic environment of the geological body is analyzed according to the geotectonic facies division plan (3 major facies, 18 basic facies and 36 subfacies), with the 36 geotectonic subfacies as the basic mapping unit, the geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas is compiled. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Guided by the theory of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and petroleum geology in recent years, including strata, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil and gas (potash) geology and other basic materials, especially paleomagnetism, Paleogene Based on the data of detrital zircon and geochemistry, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate paleogeographic pattern of Cretaceous were restored and reconstructed, and two lithofacies paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary and two climate paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary were obtained, aiming at discussing the influence of paleogeography, paleostructure and paleoclimate In order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for China's overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration deployment.
LI Yalin
The dataset is the teleseismic waveform data from the Gyirong – Peiku Tso short-period dense seismic array profile. The data can be used to receiver function methods to probe the structure of the crust and upper mantle. The Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile crosses the north-south Gyirong Rift, and the data are derived from 134 short-period seismic stations set up by the subject group along the east-west Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile, with strict site selection and good data quality. This profile provides an important scientific basis for revealing the velocity discontinuity morphology below the Chilung Rift Valley, i.e., the interfacial extension of the Indian continent swooping northward in the crust below the Himalayan zonation, and for further understanding the lateral changes of the MHT interface and the dynamics of the east-west extension of the Tibetan Plateau.
XU Qiang
High-frequency continuous GPS observation can effectively monitor the kinematics of crustal deformation. The Qilian Mountains region is an important constraint boundary of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The study of this region can provide important implications for the dynamic process of the growth and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the internal deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. At the local level, it can be discussed whether there is creepage in the Haiyuan fault and the movement mode of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The data comes from 26 fixed stations set up by the research group in the Qilian Mountain area. The site selection requirements are strict, and the high-frequency continuous GPS receiver is Provided by trimble, the data quality is good, the data can be applied not only to geodynamic research, but also to related earth science research such as meteorological precipitation.
HE Jiankun
This data includes 1:4 million precision fault data within the scope of Qinghai Tibet Plateau in China. The attribute table fields include fault name, fault length, strike, dip, fault property, paleoearthquake, etc. The data comes from the Seismological Bureau. Later, by consulting a large number of fault related literature, the attribute of fault activity age is added on the basis of the original data. The accuracy of original data is reliable, and a special person is responsible for quality review; After review by many people, the data integrity, position accuracy and attribute accuracy meet the requirements of relevant technical regulations and standards, and the quality is excellent and reliable. The fault data can provide basic data support for some fault related research work in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
QI Shengwen
The Southern Tibet Rift System (STRS) is one of the most prominent tectonic and geomorphological features in the southern Tibetan Plateau. The Jilong-Oma and Dati basins are located in the northern Himalaya Mountains. The late Cenozoic sedimentary sequences deposited in these two rift basins have archived abundant information about formation and evolution of the STRS and the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau. The detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic investigations were conducted on the late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma basins. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma Basin is over 610 m in thickness, including the lower conglomerate member of the fan delta facies (Danzengzhukang Fm., 400-600 m), the middle mudstone interbedded with sandstone member of fluvio-lacustrine facies (Oma Fm., 200-400 m) and the upper conglomerate intercalated with mudstone member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 200-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the bottom of the Oma Fm. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Dati Basin have a thickness of ~300 m, iucluding the lower mudstone, sandstone and sandy conglomerate member of fluvio-lacustrine faceis (Dati Fm., 80-305 m), and the upper conglomerate member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 80-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the upper part of the Dati Fm. By comparing with the Zhada Basin in the west part of the Himalaya orogen, it shows that these rift basins experienced the similar sedimentary evolution history and have the comparable Hipparion fossils. Establishing the precise chronology of these sediments and carrying out comprehensive comparison analyses between the rift basins play important roles in understanding the formation and evolution of the STRS, the uplift and deformation processes of the southern Tibetan Plateau and the climate change in the surrounding areas.
ZHANG Weilin
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey in the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, through integration and comprehensive research, a series of maps of "1:3 million Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by China University of Geosciences Press, it comprehensively expresses basic geological information such as quaternary stratigraphic development, neotectonic activity, magmatic activity and geomorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, and objectively reflects the coupling and coordination process of stratum, structure, magmatic activity and geomorphic evolution since the uplift of the plateau in the late Cenozoic. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map " Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas " with a high-resolution scanner. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by the researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau. It is of great scientific significance to reveal the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau and the geomorphic, neotectonic movement, stratigraphic, magmatic activity and environmental evolution since the uplift.
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), China University of Geosciences
We compiled the Seismotectonic Map of Western Asia using the ArcGIS platform through data collecting and digitization. The seismotectonic map of Western Asia covers Iran and its surrounding countries and regions. Based on the “Major active faults of Iran” map, the seismotectonic map is replenished with massive published data and depicts the location and nature of the seisogenic faults or active faults and the epicenter of earthquakes with M ≥ 5 from 1960 to 2019. The map can not only be used in the research of active faults and seismic risks in Western Asia, but also will be applied to the seismic safety evaluation for infrastructure construction.
LIU Zhicheng
The Pan-Third Polar region has strong seismic activity, which is driven by the subduction and collision of the Indian plate, the Arab plate and the Eurasian plate. 18806 earthquakes with Magnitude 5 or larger have occurred in Pan-Third Polar region (north latitude 0-56 degrees and east longitude 43-139 degrees) since 1960. Among them, 4 earthquakes with Magnitude 8 or larger, 187 earthquakes with Magnitude 7.0-7.9， 1625 earthquakes with Magnitude 6.0-6.9 and 16990 earthquakes with Magnitude 5.0-5.9 have occurred. Earthquakes occurred mainly in the foothills of the India-Myanmar Mountains, the Himalaya Mountains, the Sulaiman Mountains, where the India Plate collided with the Eurasian plate, and the Zagros Mountains where the Arab plate collided with the Eurasian plate.
WANG Ji
We use waveform cross-correlation to analyze the recordings of eight earthquakes (2009-2018) beneath the Indian Ocean at stations from the Chinese Digital Seismic Network. We obtain 929 high quality residual traveltime differences between the phases ScS and S (Differential traveltimes.dat). We interpret variations of δt up to 10 seconds as due to horizontal shear-velocity variations in D” beneath northern India, Nepal, and southwestern China. The shear velocity can vary by as much as 7% over distances shorter than 300 km. Our observations provide additional observational evidence that compositional heterogeneity and possibly melt contribute to the seismic structure of the lower mantle characterized by long-term subduction and mantle downwelling.
LI Guohui, BAI Ling
The data set is the distribution of the average roughness in Central Asia including three temperate deserts, the Karakum, Kyzylkum and Muyunkun Deserts, and one of the world's largest arid zones. This is the MODIS-NDVI data set calculated by using the median particle diameter and the vegetation coverage. The space and time resolutions are 500 m and 16 days, respectively. The time is from 01, January, 2017 to 18, December, 2017. The data set uses the the Geodetic coordinate system. It can be used for the investigation of the Desert oil and gas field, and oasis cities.
GAO Xin
Lithofacies analysis is an important research method to explore the source region, background, and nature of sedimentary basins. Through the systematic investigation of several late Cretaceous strata in Nepal, situated on the south flank of the Himalayas, the Tulsipur and Butwal sections conducted detailed lithology and sedimentary facies analysis. Continuous strata include the Taltang Fm. , Amile Fm. , Bhainskati Fm. and Dumri Fm. from bottom to top. The lithology contains terrigenous clastic rocks such as conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, chemical rocks such as limestone and siliceous rock, as well as special lithology such as coal seam, carbonaceous layer and oxidation crust. Both sections have various colors and sedimentary structures, which are good materials for the analysis of lithofacies evolution. According to the characteristics of lithofacies and sedimentary assemblage revealed that the Nepal sedimentary environment evolution during the late Cretaceous, which experienced the marine, fluvial, lacustrine, and delta evolution process.
MENG Qingquan MENG Qingquan
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million metamorphic geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by the Geological Publishing House. Based on the time-space framework of the regional structure and metamorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, the metamorphic environment is analyzed according to the metamorphic (Geological) area, metamorphic (Geological) belt, metamorphic sub belt and very low-low-high greenschist facies, low-high amphibolite facies, blue schist facies, high-ultrahigh pressure eclogite facies and malite facies, the metamorphic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas has been compiled, and 16 high pressure-ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belts have been determined. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map "Metamorphic geological map of Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" with high-resolution scanner, and the sub maps have been spliced. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Paleomagnetism has played an important role in quantifying the Mesozoic evolution of “Proto-Tibet”. We present here our recent paleomagnetic data from five Middle-Upper Jurassic sedimentary sequences of the eastern North Qiangtang Terrane at Yanshiping. The new paleomagnetic results from 99 sites, 1,702 samples and reveal paleopoles at 79.1°N/306.9°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.3°) for Quemo Co Fm, 68.9°N/313.8°E (dp=2.1°, dm=3.7°) for Buqu Fm, 66.1°N/332.1°E (dp=2.7°, dm=4.6°) for Xiali Fm, 72.4°N/318.6°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.7°) for Suowa Fm, and 76.9°N/301.1°E (dp=7.9°, dm=13.2°) for Xueshan Fm, respectively. These results indicate that Yanshiping experienced latitudinal changes from ~24.5° N to ~22.0º N over the time interval 171.2 - <157.5 Ma, accompanied by clockwise (CW) rotations of ~19.8±9.4º between ~171.2 and 161.7 Ma and counterclockwise (CCW) rotations of ~15.4±13.4º between ~161.7 and <157.2 Ma. We attribute the change in rotation sense at approximately ~161.7 Ma to the initial collision of the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes. Using this and other paleomagnetic data from the Lhasa, Qiangtang and Tarim terranes, as well as other geological evidence, such as tectonism-related sedimentary sequences, volcanism, and HP metamorphism, we propose a new conceptual evolution model for the Mesozoic QT and Tethyan Oceans, including 3 intra-continental collisions (South-North Qiangtang, Qiangtang-Songpan-Ganzi and Lhasa-Qiangtang) and post collisional extensions.
YAN Maodu
Under the background of global warming, over the past few decades the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes shows obvious extension. At present on the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes area increase sharply , such as water level changes reported by a number of studies, especially in Tibet's largest lakes such as Siling Co, Nam Co, and so on. We take the Nam Co lake as an example, discussed recent decades the non-structural loading force caused by the Nam Co water level rising result in the surrounding lithosphere deformation and the stress variation on the Yadong-Gulu fault zone (normal fault) and analysis of the seismic hazard. In this fragile ecological environment area, the relationship between the land surface processes and the lithosphere can give us some clues, the result of the data including the surface displacement field changes and the stress on the fault.
LIN Xiaoguang
This data set includes apatite and zircon (U-Th) / He ages, apatite fission-track (AFT) ages of the Yalong River thrust belt, which will be continuously updated in the future. The first part is the apatite and zircon He and apatite fission-track data from the Yunongxi fault, a branch fault in the hinterland of the Yalong River thrust belt. The second part of the data is from the Jinping Shan-Muli fault, a branch of the Yalong River thrust belt, including apatite and zircon He ages data. The data results are concentrated, which well constrain the evolution of the Yalong River thrust belt and provide a high-quality chronological basis for exploring its role in the process of plateau expansion.
ZHANG Huiping
The data coverage area is Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, which is vector line data. The data defines its active period and names it. The strike, nature, active period and exposure of the fault are described. However, the content is missing, and the secondary fault zone is not named. There are 590 linear elements within the Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor in this data set, but some linear elements are multiple elements of the same fault zone. The active fault zone is often the combination zone of different plates and different blocks. It is a relatively weak zone of the crust, which is easy to induce extremely serious earthquake disasters. It is also a concentrated development zone of geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and debris flow. The judgment of the location and nature of fault zone is of great significance to the risk susceptibility evaluation of geological disasters, and it is the key factor to study geological disasters.
WANG Lixuan
This data includes zircon U-Pb dating of metamorphic rocks and basalts in the Precambrian continental crust remnant in the northwest of the North Qilian orogenic belt measured from 2019 to 2021, major and trace and Sr nd Hf isotopic geochemical test results of the whole rock, and major and trace geochemical test results of minerals. The main instruments used are Aglient 7500a ICP-MS, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thermo Finnigan Triton thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS), Neptune MC ICPMS and electron microprobe (EMPA). The data quality is high and within the error range. According to the data, the Precambrian continental crust fragments can be divided into three stages: Paleoproterozoic (1.7 GA), early Mesoproterozoic (1.6 GA) and middle Mesoproterozoic (1.5-1.2 GA), which were formed in the continental margin arc, intracontinental rift and initial ocean basin environment respectively. It is revealed that the Qilian block is located in the southwest of the core of the ancient lombia supercontinent.
LIU Yixin
The dataset includs borehole core lithology, altitude survey, soil thickness and slop measurement, hydrogeological survey, and hydrogeophysical survey in the Maqu catchment of the Yellow River source region in the Tibetan Plateau. The borehole lithology data is from the 2017 drilled borehole ITC_ Maqu_ 1; altitude survey was carried out using RTK in 2019; Soil thickness and slope data were collected by auger and inclinometer in 2018 and 2019; hydrogeological survey includes groundwater table depth measurements in 2018 and 2019, and aquifer test data obtained in 2019; hydrogeological survey includes Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) , Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) , Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. MRS and ERT surveys were conducted in 2018. TEM and magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in 2019.
LI Mengna, ZENG Yijian, Maciek W. LUBCZYNSKI, BOB Su, QIAN Hui
The contents include: geological map of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, section map of No.7 exploration line of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, geological map of Mashi copper mine, section map of No.4 exploration line of Mashi copper mine, geological map of Matou copper molybdenum deposit. There are 10 gold ore bodies and 7 molybdenum ore belts in pailou deposit. The length and thickness of individual gold ore bodies are tens of meters and 0.28 – 4.00 meters. The gold grade of pailou deposit is 1.19 – 22.0 g / T. The molybdenum ore body is 400-600 m long and 1.50-6.50 m thick, and mainly occurs in granodiorite (porphyry) and hornblende near the contact zone with surrounding rock. The average grade of molybdenum is 0.04 – 0.13 wt%. The ore of pailou deposit is mainly pyrite, molybdenite and disseminated ore. The ore minerals are mainly composed of molybdenite, pyrite, stibnite and a small amount of pyrrhotite. The main gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar, sericite and chlorite. There are dozens of copper ore bodies in Mashi copper deposit, with copper grade of 0.21 – 0.34 wt%. Copper orebodies of 330-600m in length and 20-50m in thickness were found in granodiorite (porphyry) and cryptoexplosive breccia. The main alteration types of Mashi deposit are silicification, sericitization and pyritization. Matou molybdenum copper deposit is a medium porphyry deposit with molybdenum reserves of 60000 T and copper resources of more than 100000 t. The main alteration types of Matou deposit are silicification, sericitization and potassic feldsparization. The ore in Matou deposit is mainly chalcopyrite, molybdenite, quartz vein ore and disseminated ore. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
The river steepness index, concavity index, drainage area, hypsometric integral, erosion coefficient, erosion rate, precipitation and other Geomorphological data of Qilian Shan basins are extracted and collected. Where the river steepness index and concavity index were extracted based on the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) 3 arc-seconds DEM data, the catchment erosion rate are from Palumbo et al. (2010) and Palumbo et al. (2011), and the precipitation data is from Geng et al. (2017). In order to increase the credibility of the data, the range of the river steepness index of each basin is given when the confidence is 95%. The data laid a foundation for the analysis of the relationship between the geomorphic characteristics and the tectonic framework of Qilian Shan.
HU Xiaofei, ZHANG Yanan
Based on 12.5m DEM and remote sensing image interpretation, we can clearly identify the scarps, staggered rivers, gate ridges, compression ridges and other structural landforms along the Honghe fault, Nanting River fault and Lancang Gengma fault, which provides basic data for further field verification. Through the analysis of the landform along the fault and the fine structural analysis of the Quaternary fault outcrop, the kinematic characteristics of the fault are determined. The deflections of the drainage system and the geological and geomorphic units of the fault indicate that the amount of dextral dislocation of the HONGHE FAULT ranges from tens of meters to 50 km. A series of structural landforms such as sinistral dislocations of large gullies, fault troughs, fault triangles and scarps developed along the Nanting River fault. The Lancang Gengma fault is dominated by dextral strike slip.
WANG Yang
The age constraints for Cenozoic exhumation history of the northern Tibetan Plateau provides evidence for growth process of the plateau and interaction process of tectonics-climate-erosion in this region. Apatite fission track thermochronology has a relative lower closure temperature of ~100 °C, thus is capable of recording the exhumation process of upper crust. We collected 26 sedimentary samples in the Hongliugou section in northern Qaidam Basin, which consist of strata from the Lulehe Formation to Shizigou Formation. These samples were fission track dated using the external detector method in the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The result shows fission track central age of these samples range in 36.4 ± 2.0 Ma to 78.0 ± 2.8 Ma. Most of our sample failed the chi-square test, indicating a mixture of multiple sources with different cooling ages. We use the binomial fitting method to decompose the mixture single-grain ages and obtained 55 age components. Decomposed component age of these detrital samples ranges in 21.2 ± 2.9 Ma to 102.8 ± 9.0 Ma. Integrated analysis of the fission track ages and confined track length indicates that samples in the upper 2500 m of the section had not affected by burial annealing after deposition, while that in the lower 2500 m were partial annealed after deposition. Unannealed fission track ages showing “static peaks” in ~60-50 Ma and ~40-36 Ma, which indicates the source of these detritus, the Qilian Shan, have experienced significant rock exhumation in these two stages in respective. This study suggests that tectonic deformation initiated in the northern Tibetan Plateau in early Cenozoic, which synchronous with India-Asia collision. Thus we suggest the Qilian Shan serves as the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau since the early Cenozoic.
SONG Chunhui, HE Pengju
Paleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in Iran
SUN Jimin
This set of data is used to reconstruct the magnetostratigraphy of the Hoh Xil basin in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basinaround the eastern margin of the plateau, and then combined with other chronological methods to establish high-precision chronological scales of the two basins. All the data are thermal demagnetization data, including two parts: one is the paleomagnetic data of the strata about 1000 meters in the top of the Hoh Xil basin; The second is the paleomagnetic data of the bottom strata in Sichuan Basin. The data were measured or obtained in the State Key Laboratory of continental dynamics, Northwestern University and the laboratory of paleomagnetism and geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The preliminary processing results show that the data quality is high.
LIANG Wentian
The data set is the original repeated GPS observation data along Gyirong - Nyima profile trans active deformation Himalayan orogenic belt in Tibet Plateau. The data are measured twice in 2018 and 2019, including the data of 13 stations, and the data quality is good. Through the observation data of these observation points, combined with the continuous GPS observation profile data that the project research team has deployed along Yadong Gulou in the Himalayan orogenic belt, we can reveal the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of the northward converging strain of the Indian continent in the key parts of the Himalayan orogenic belt, understand the current uplift state of the Himalayan orogenic belt and its correlation with horizontal movement, and combine with the active faults Based on the theory of motion dislocation, the quantitative distribution of strain between earthquakes in the main boundary fault (MBT) and the main central fault (MCT) is studied, as well as the strain accumulation characteristics, fault locking range and fault locking degree between earthquakes, which provide important constraints for evaluating the seismic risk of active faults in the study area. Combined with the 2015 Nepal earthquake rupture model, the southern margin of Tibetan Plateau is studied from the perspective of motion to dynamics Lithospheric rheological characteristics.
HE Jiankun
The data set consists of 93 continuous and mobile GPS stations recording the cumulative three-dimensional deformation variables 10 years after the 2008 mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. GPS daily sampling time series data are mainly from the website of China Seismological Bureau（ http://www.cgps.ac.cn/ ）Diao, F., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Xiong, X., Walter, T.R. (2018), fault behavior and lower critical physiology informed from the first seven years of postseismic GPS data after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, earth planet. SCI. Lett., 495, 202-212, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.05.020. We process the post earthquake deformation data as follows: first, we correct other effects unrelated to the Wenchuan earthquake, such as seasonal variation, interannual variation, plate effect, etc; Thirdly, the post earthquake time series curve is fitted by exponential function and logarithmic function; Finally, the post earthquake deformation of any period is calculated by fitting the curve. Ten years after the earthquake, the accumulated deformation is nearly 21 cm. The horizontal accuracy is not less than 1.7 cm, and the vertical accuracy is not less than 4 cm.
HU Yan
The data are the radioisotope dating data of magmatic and metamorphic rocks, the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock and the major geochemical data of minerals. Samples were collected from diorite and garnet biotite schist in Gangdese belt, Nimu area, southern Tibet. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon and monazite were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock are obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The main geochemical data of minerals are obtained by EPMA. The age of regional magmatism and metamorphism can be determined by the obtained data.
MA Xuxuan
The data of this paper include: (1) impact factor data: 90m resolution DEM data, China 1 ∶ 250000 grade 1, grade 3, grade 4 and grade 5 River classification data set, which are from the international scientific data mirror website of computer network information center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.gscloud.cn ); The spatial distribution data of 1 ∶ 1000000 vegetation types in China (1971-2000), 1 ∶ 500000 geological map of Qinghai Province, 1 ∶ 4000000 geomorphologic map of China and road map of Qinghai Province were obtained from the resource and environmental science data center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.resdc.cn ); The annual average rainfall data (1971-2000) is from China Meteorological science data sharing service network（ http://www.data.ac.cn ); The fault data are Holocene active faults, which are derived from the research results of Dong Zhiping (1992)（(2) Geological disaster data: the historical geological disaster data (1 ∶ 100000) is from the geological environment monitoring station of Qinghai Province; The provincial data of major geological hazards are from the Department of natural resources of Qinghai Province（ http://zrzyt.qinghai.gov.cn )。(3) Basic data: the population data comes from the results of the sixth census of the National Bureau of statistics in 2010; The 1:250000 County digital administrative division map of Qinghai Province is from the national basic geographic information center（ http://www.ngcc.cn )。 In this paper, the information model and entropy method are used to calculate the landslides, landslides, debris flows and comprehensive susceptibility index of Hehuang Valley, so as to regionalize the study area. The information model is used to determine the susceptibility index of landslides and landslides. In the evaluation of geological hazard susceptibility, the information model takes the disaster point as the evaluation object, and the influence factor of geological hazard is the evaluation index of the model. The closeness between the model and the research object is evaluated by calculating the contribution degree of each factor. The higher the information is, the higher the susceptibility coefficient is.
HOU Guangliang
The Qiangtang terrane preserves an important record of the growth of the Tibetan Plateau since the Mesozoic; however, its deformation and cooling history remain poorly understood. To unravel this issue, we conducted geological mapping in the Esima area and detrital apatite fission-track and (U–Th)/He analyses of the Esima–Rongtang region in the east segment of Central Qiangtang terrane. Our results indicate that the east segment underwent two stages of structural deformation and rapid cooling during 120–110 Ma and 55–38 Ma. By combining our results with those of previous studies of the deformation and cooling history in the west segment, we reconstructed the early spatial and temporal geological evolution of the Central Qiangtang terrane since the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The structural deformation and cooling of the west segment at 150–130 Ma was related to northward flat subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang oceanic slab. The structural deformation and cooling of the east segment at 120–110 Ma and the west segment at 110–70 Ma was controlled by oblique convergence between Lhasa and Qiangtang. The structural deformation and cooling of the west and east segments at 55–38 Ma was associated with northward intracontinental subduction beneath the Qiangtang terrane induced by the Indo–Asian collision.
BI Wenjun, HAN Zhongpeng, LI Yalin
There are 6 apatite fission track data and 2 zircon fission track data in tiekelike mountain, West Kunlun. The age error is less than 10%; The results show that the tiekelike mountains in the north of West Kunlun have undergone rapid exhumation since Miocene. There are 17 groups of detrital zircon U-Pb dating results of Cenozoic sediments from keriyang section and kashtashi section in front of West Kunlun Mountains, which are analyzed by LA-ICP-MS method, and the age concordance is less than 10%; These results indicate that the early provenance of the Piedmont sediments came from Songpan Ganzi and South Kunlun blocks, and the South Kunlun block and North Kunlun block provided provenance to the Piedmont since the Atushi formation. These results indicate that the Cenozoic uplift of the West Kunlun Mountains experienced a process of gradual northward growth. Four apatite fission track results of bedrock samples from the upper and lower walls of Tashkurgan normal fault in the Pamir orogenic belt were obtained by using the external detector method, and the age error was less than 15%; The results show that the Tashkurgan normal fault began to move about 8.5 Ma, and the footwall of the normal fault tilted westward, which may indicate that there was a structural system transformation from the previous north-south compression orogeny to the late Cenozoic East-West collapse extension in the East Pamir area.
LIN Xiubin
The data are the typical landscape, geomorphology and sedimentary strata photos obtained by the thematic group in the lower reaches of Yajiang River and Niyang River Basin from July to August 2019, as well as the physical and chemical indexes of loess and river sediments, mainly including: (1) 14C sample sampling and age in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (2) Chronological results of OSL in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (3) XRF of lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (4) Magnetic susceptibility of Lamawan lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (5) Grain size of Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (6) Elements in the lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River and Niyang River Basin. The photos mainly show glaciers, rivers, lakes and other landscapes, as well as landslide surface, glacier shear surface and sedimentation.
CAO Bo, GAO Hongshan
This data includes zircon U-Pb ages of Precambrian Cenozoic magmatic rocks in Lhasa block, Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data table includes zircon U-Th-Pb ratios and corrected data results. The U-Pb age concordance diagram is also attached. The data testing was completed in Beijing Kehui Testing Co., Ltd. and the sampling was completed by LA-ICP-MS multi receiver plasma mass spectrometry. The laser ablation system was ESI NWR 193nm, and the ICP-MS was analytikjena plasmaquant MS elite ICP-MS. The off-line processing of analytical data (including the selection of samples and blank signals, calibration of instrument sensitivity drift, calculation of element content, U-Th-Pb isotope ratio and age) was completed by software icpmsdata cal.
ZHAI Qingguo
Debris flow in Nanfeng area is a natural disaster phenomenon caused by the combination of many natural factors. It is affected by the terrain, geology and climate. Therefore, the formation and development of debris flow fully reflect the organic combination of various natural factors. The modern geomorphic process in Nanfeng area is very active, and the glaciation, canyon flow and slope physical and geological processes are very strong. The data analysis shows that due to the sharp rise of the ground and the strong invasion of the Yarlung Zangbo River water system, most of the gullies are V-shaped, short and steep, and the vertical gradient of the gully bed is large, about 500 ‰ in the upper reaches and about 400 ‰ on average, and 250-300 ‰ in the middle and lower reaches. This kind of steep valley terrain is easy to form debris flow under the action of turbulent current. Under the action of gravity, landslides and collapses occur continuously in the valley. According to the investigation, most of the terrain slopes favorable for the formation of debris flow in Nanfeng area are above 30 degrees, and the upper valley slope in this area can generally reach 40-50 degrees, and the maximum can reach 60-70 degrees. The middle and lower valley slopes are also between 35-40 degrees, which are favorable for the development of debris flow.
PENG Buzhuo, YANG Yichou
The growth process of the Tibetan Plateau has always been the focus of debate at home and abroad, which is of great significance for evaluating different growth models. In recent years, one of the focuses of debate is whether the "original Tibetan Plateau" exists and its scope. Sedimentological evidence and provenance analysis show that the topographic growth occurred in Qiangtang terrane and North Lhasa terrane as early as Cretaceous. However, paleontological and PALEOELEVATION evidences show that the topographical height of the central part of the plateau was formed in the Eocene Miocene. In order to solve this problem, we conducted apatite fission track studies in the Qiangtang terrane in the hinterland of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Because crustal thickening usually leads to topographic uplift and relief changes, thus accelerating denudation, the cooling events recorded by fission track are often strong indirect evidence of crustal thickening. The median apatite fission track age of Mesozoic sandstone samples is 40.1 ± 2.6 to 129 ± 3 Ma, with peak ages of ~ 45 Ma and 100-120 ma; The fission track age of the Eocene granite is 38.3 ± 1.3 Ma and 27.4 Ma respectively ± 1.6 Ma。 The uncorrected closed track length is 9.26 ± 39 to 14.11 ± zero point two four μ m. The corresponding relationship between age and age presents a typical "boomerang" trend, which reveals that the regional cooling time is earlier than 100 mA. The results of hefty thermal history inversion reveal that the growth process of the central part of the plateau can be divided into two stages: the first stage, the early Cretaceous (140-100 MA) cooling process reveals the crustal thickening in the central part of the plateau, which may be caused by the horizontal subduction of Bangong Nujiang Tethys ocean. At this time, the prototype of the plateau was formed in the middle and south of Qiangtang terrane; In the second stage, the former Tibet Plateau was gradually formed in the middle of the plateau from Eocene to Oligocene. The spatial distribution characteristics of Cenozoic low temperature thermochronology data in the central plateau show that there is no obvious East-West change, so the lower crustal flow model may be difficult to explain the growth process of the central plateau. On the contrary, the discrete and uniform distribution pattern of low temperature thermochronology data is consistent with the model of continental subduction and lithospheric mantle delamination. Combined with the regional deformation characteristics, the formation mechanism of the former Tibet Plateau includes upper crust shortening, continental crust subduction and deep mantle delamination.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The results show that the whole rock SR Nd isotopic composition of the basic rocks in the ophiolite of rencuo (Shenzha bange county) in the North Lake area of Tibet. The purpose of this analysis is to clarify the characteristics of magma mantle source area of basic rock unit in ophiolite, and provide key evidence for further constraining the genesis of ophiolite and clarifying its type. The data analysis and testing were completed in Wuhan Shangpu analysis and testing company, and the pre-processing was completed in the 1000 level ultra clean room equipped with 100 level operation platform. The isotope analysis was performed by MC-ICP-MS (Neptune plus) of Thermo Fisher Scientific Company in Germany, and the data acquisition was composed of 8 blocks, each block contained 10 cycles, and each cycle was 4.194 seconds. This set of data samples meet the analysis requirements with high accuracy, which can be used to further constrain the genesis and tectonic classification of Ophiolites in the central Tethys orogenic belt.
ZHAI Qingguo
The subsidence and exhumation histories of the Qiangtang Basin and their contributions to the early evolution of the Tibetan plateau are vigorously debated. This paper reconstructs the subsidence history of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin with eleven selected composite stratigraphic sections and constrains the first stage of cooling using apatite fission track data. Facies analysis, biostratigraphy, paleo-environment interpretation, and paleo-water depth estimation are integrated to create eleven composite sections through the basin. Backstripped subsidence calculations combined with previous work on sediment provenance and timing of deformation, show that the evolution of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin can be divided into two stages. From Late Triassic to Early Jurassic times, the North Qiangtang was a retro-foreland basin. In contrast, the South Qiangtang was a collisional foreland basin. During Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous times, thrust belt loading from the Jinsha River suture drove development of the combined retro-foreland basin. Detrital apatite fission track ages concentrate in late Early to Late Cretaceous (120.9-84.1 Ma) and Paleogene-Eocene (65.4-40.1 Ma). Thermal history modelling results record Early Cretaceous rapid cooling; the termination of subsidence and onset of exhumation of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin suggest that the accumulation of crustal thickening in central Tibet probably initiated during Late Jurassic-Early Jurassic (150-130 Ma), involving underthrusting of both the Lhasa and Songpan-Ganze terranes beneath the Qiangtang terrane, or the collision of Amdo terrane.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The development history of high topography in the northeastern (NE) Tibetan Plateau is essential to test various plateau growth models and understand plateau construction. We present integrated provenance data from the NE Qaidam Basin, south of the Qilian Shan. Results show an increase in carbonate lithics, an increase in Al2O3/SiO2 ratios, a negative shift in εNd values and an appearance of large amounts of Precambrian zircon grains in the period of ~13 to ~8 Ma, arguing that the sediment source of the NE Qaidam Basin may have shifted from the East Kunlun Shan to the Qilian Shan during this time interval. We infer that significant topographic growth of the southern Qilian Shan occurred during the middle-late Miocene. Along with widespread middle to late Miocene deformation records across the Qilian Shan and abruptly shifts on provenance, sedimentary facies and climate indexes in its surrounding basins, present high topography of the NE Tibetan Plateau may have been established since the middle-late Miocene.
LI Chaopeng, ZHENG Dewen
The samples are well qiangke-1, well qiangdi-17 and well qiangzi-16. The analysis and testing work was completed in the laboratory of AR, u-th-he geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. See Wu Lin et al. (2016) for testing methods. The results are as follows: the zircon (U-Th) / He ages of 9 samples from three boreholes in the Qiangtang block in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, except that the thermal history information of two samples from Eocene has not been reset, the rest of the samples are concentrated in Cretaceous, and the age values change little with elevation, indicating the existence of Cretaceous denudation cooling. Well qd-17 in the west of the Qiangtang block recorded denudation cooling in the early Cretaceous (about 127-114 MA), and well qz-16 in the East recorded denudation cooling in the late Cretaceous (about 92-64 MA). The denudation and cooling of the Cretaceous resulted in the statistics of regional low temperature thermochronology and the response of tectonic sedimentary events. The low-temperature thermochronological data of the Qiangtang block, Lhasa block and Himalayan block show that the Cretaceous early Eocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the Northern Lhasa block and Qiangtang block (within the plateau), while the late Miocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the southern Lhasa block to Himalayan block (southern margin of the plateau), This age distribution pattern suggests that the interior and southern margin of the plateau experienced different erosion cooling histories. Referring to the rapid denudation cooling process in the southern margin of the plateau since late Miocene, it is speculated that there was a Cretaceous rapid denudation cooling event in the interior of the plateau. Early Cretaceous depositional discontinuities and unconformities occurred widely in the Northern Lhasa block, Qiangtang block and its northern area, which also indicated rapid denudation during Cretaceous. Combined with the analysis of regional tectonic evolution, the Cretaceous denudation cooling may be the result of the collision between the Lhasa block and Qiangtang block after the closure of the Bangong Lake Nujiang ocean in Early Cretaceous, which indicates that there may have been obvious shortening, thickening deformation and corresponding denudation cooling in the crust of the plateau before the Cenozoic India Eurasia collision.
zheng Bo
The data include: (1) (a) tectonic map of China（ b) Geological map of Tongling metallogenic area in eastern China (2) The geological map of Fenghuangshan ore field shows the xinwuli granite intrusion and related copper (gold) deposits (3) Section from tieshantou to baoshantou in Fenghuangshan ore field (4) The geological section of baoshandao skarn type copper (gold) deposit shows skarn mineralization in the contact zone between quartz monzodiorite and lower Triassic carbonate rocks. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; Di: Diopside; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; Cal: Calcite (5) The mineral micrographs of skarn, ore and granodiorite in Fenghuangshan skarn deposit（ a) Garnet skarn（ b) And (c) medium coarse pyrite and vein chalcopyrite coexist with quartz, and heterohedral magnetite particles in quartz sulfide stage are filled with quartz or chalcopyrite（ d) Xinwuli granodiorite. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; CHL: chlorite; Mga: magnetite; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; QZ: quartz; KFS: potash feldspar; HBL: amphibole; Bi: biotite
XIE Jiancheng
This data includes three maps: (a) tectonic map of China; (b) geological map of Late Mesozoic Magmatic Rocks and related deposits in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River metallogenic belt; (c) geological map of Chizhou mining area in eastern China. The information in the map includes regional fault distribution, study area location, porphyry stratabound Cu Au Mo deposit, skarn Fe Cu deposit, magnetite apatite deposit, A-type granite belt, Cretaceous volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, late Mesozoic granodiorite and granite. Based on the systematic geochronological and geochemical analysis of the Cu Mo polymetallic deposits in the Ma'anshan fault zone and gaotan fault zone in the East Liuzhou area, the paper makes a deep study on the formation of Cu Mo polymetallic deposits and the genesis of granodiorite (porphyry) in Chizhou area. The above data are published in high-level SCI journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
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