Daily precipitation data was reconstructed for streamflow simulation in the entire UB by combining orographic and linear correction approaches based on 262 gauge observations. The reconstructed precipitation is used to drive the VIC hydrological model linked with a temperature-index model (VIC-Glacier) , and is inversely evaluated by comparing with observed discharge, glacier area changes, and MODIS-based snow cover faction (SCF) data in the upper Brahmaputra Basin.
SU Fengge, SUN He
The data set contains nearly 15 years of eddy covariance data from an alpine steppe ecosystem on the central Tibetan Plateau.The data was processed following standardized quality control methods to allow for comparability between the different years of our record and with other data sets. To ensure meaningful estimates of ecosystem atmosphere exchange, careful application of the following correction procedures and analyses was necessary: (1) Due to the remote location, continuous maintenance of the eddy covariance (EC) system was not always possible, so that cleaning and calibration of the sensors was performed irregularly. Furthermore, the high proportion of bare soil and high wind speeds led to accumulation of dirt in the measurement path of the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). The installation of the sensor in such a challenging environment resulted in a considerable drift in CO2 and H2O gas density measurements. If not accounted for, this concentration bias may distort the estimation of the carbon uptake. We applied a modified drift correction procedure following Fratini et al. (2014) which, instead of a linear interpolation between calibration dates, uses the CO2 concentration measurements from the Mt. Waliguan atmospheric observatory as reference time series. (2) We applied rigorous quality filtering of the calculated fluxes to retain only fluxes which represent actual physical processes. (3) During the long measurement period, there were several buildings constructed in the near vicinity of the EC system. We investigated the influence of these obstacles on the turbulent flow regime to identify fluxes with uncertain land cover contribution and exclude them from subsequent computations. (4) We calculated the de-facto standard correction for instrument surface heating during cold conditions (hereafter called sensor self heating correction) following Burba et al. (2008) and a revision of the original method following Frank and Massman (2020). (5)Subsequently, we applied the traditional and widely used gap filling procedure following Reichstein et al. (2005) to provide a more complete overview of the annual net ecosystem CO2 exchange.(6) We estimated the flux uncertainty by calculating the random flux error (RE) following Finkelstein and Sims (2001) and by using the standard deviation of the fluxes used for gap filling(NEE_fsd) as a measure for spatial and temporal variation.
Felix Nieberding, MA Yaoming, Cristian Wille, Gerardo Fratini, Magnus Ole Asmussen, Yuyang Wang*, MA Weiqiang*, Torsten Sachs
The data include daily precipitation (Precip) amount and daily mean near-surface air temperature (T2M) over the Pan Third Pole region. The data is downscaled by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (3.7.1). The boundary and initial condition come from the fifth-generation global reanalysis product by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), ERA5. The seasonal cycle and summer mean of precipitation over Tibet is well reproduced in comparison to the in situ observations.
OU Tinghai
1) Data content (including elements and meanings): Gridded daily average air temperature of the Tibetan Plateau during 1980-2014 at 1-km resolution 2) Data source and processing method: Developed by integrating 8 types of reanalysis data (i.e., NNRP-2, 20CRV2c, JRA-55, ERA-Interim, MERRA2, CFSR, GLDAS and ERA5) downscaled with MODIS-estimated temperature lapse rates based on machine learing 3) Data quality description: According to leave-one-out validation based on stations, the average RMSE at China Adimistration Stations is about 1.7 ℃ and that at high-elevation field stations is about 1.9 ℃
ZHANG Fan, ZHANG Hongbo
The data includes: zooplankton species list; zooplankton density; microscopy; high-throughput sequencing; complete data; constructing an original data set for lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Zooplankton is an indispensable link in lake water ecological investigation, and it is a link between the system The location of the food web is an important carrier for the material circulation and energy flow of the food web. The systematic investigation and study of the composition and biodiversity of the zooplankton in the lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is particularly important for understanding the stability and resilience of the lake ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In addition, Zooplankton are very sensitive to environmental changes, and changes in their structure and functional groups can indicate the intensity and magnitude of environmental pressure.
LI Yun
1. The total number is the unified number of the survey year, such as 17-001 (the first survey point in 2017), and the field number is the single field number. 2. Time: Beijing time at the time of measurement, such as: 13:25, August 1, 2017 (13:25, August 1, 2017). 3. Geographical location: the longitude and latitude of the measuring point, such as 29.6584101.0884 (29.6584 ° n, 101.0884 ° E), which is measured by Garmin 63sc GPS in the field. 4. Altitude: the absolute altitude of the measuring point, such as 4500m (4500m above sea level), is measured by Garmin 63sc GPS in the field with an accuracy of 1m. 5. Measured vegetation coverage (%): measured in the field with quadrat (1000 m * 1000 m). 6. Atmospheric pressure: measured by dph-103 intelligent digital temperature and humidity barometer in the field, such as 651.7kpa, accuracy: 0.1 kPa. 7. Air temperature: measured by dph-103 intelligent digital temperature, humidity and barometer in the field, such as 15.61 ℃, accuracy: 0.01 ℃. 8. Relative humidity: measured by dph-103 intelligent digital temperature, humidity and barometer in the field, such as 79.1%, accuracy: 0.1%. 9. Relative oxygen content: measured by td400-sh-o2 portable oxygen detector in the field, such as 20.16%, accuracy: 0.01%. Among them, the altitude of sampling points 17-001 to 17-065 is measured by Garmin Oregon 450 GPS with an accuracy of 1 m; The atmospheric pressure is measured by Casio prg-130gc barometer with an accuracy of 5 HPA; The relative oxygen content is measured by cy-12c digital oxygen meter, with a range of 0-50.0%, a resolution of 0.1% and an accuracy of ± 1%.
SHI Peijun
The disaster catalogue of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau contains the spatial distribution and type information of various historical disasters, ranging from Pakistan and Kashmir in the west, Qinghai Province in the East, the foothills of the Himalayas in the South and Arkin mountain in the north. The production of data is completed by a large number of manual remote sensing interpretation, field investigation, collection of geological survey data and open source data. The data is stored in the form of vector points, mainly including attribute table, indicating disaster type, coordinates and other information. This data can be used to study the spatial distribution law of disasters and disaster evaluation. This data contains a total of 23536 pieces of data. Due to the reference of geological survey data, most of the debris flow data are distributed along the road, and there are few data in no man's land.
TANG Chenxiao
This data set provides the lake ice phenology of 71 lakes on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from 2001 to 2020, including the freeze-up start, freeze-up end, break-up start, break-up end, complete freezing duration, and ice cover duration. The data set was extracted from the cloud-gap-filled MODIS daily snow product based on a dynamic changed threshold. Compared with the coarse resolution passive microwave AMSR-E/2 lake ice phenology data set, the average absolute error of the freeze-up start date was 2.33-7.25 days, and the average absolute error of the break-up end date was 1.75-4.67 days. The data can provide a data basis for the relevant research on the response of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau lake system to climate change.
CAI Yu, KE Changqing
The data set is the watershed scale erosion rate of the eastern Tibet Based on 10Be. The data includes the first author, publication year, longitude and latitude and erosion rate. The data were collected in published journal articles, and the data has significant spatial distribution characteristics, and different research results are consistent with each other. The spatial characteristics of basin-wide erosion rate are always related to river geomorphic characteristics (such as steepness), climate and tectonic activities. Therefore, the systematic data set can provide important data support for the analysis of the main controlling factors of regional erosion rate , making it possible to quantify the contribution of climate and structure to the surface process in the region.
ZHANG Huiping
The Wuyu Basin is bounded by the Gangdese Mountains to the north and the Yarlung Tsangpo River to the south, and is a representative basin to study the Cenozoic tectonism of the southern Tibet. The sedimentary strata in the Wuyu Basin include the Paleocene-Eocene Linzizong Group volcanics and the Oligocene Rigongla Formation (Fm.) volcanics, the Miocene lacustrine sediments of the Mangxiang Fm. and Laiqing Fm. volcanics, the late Miocene-Pliocene Wuyu Fm., and the Pleistocene Dazi Fm. Five sandstone samples from the Mangxiang Fm., Wuyu Fm. and Dazi Fm. and one modern Wuyu reiver sand sample were collected for detrital zircon U-Pb dating using the LA-ICP-MS method. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages in the Mangxiang Fm. show a large cluster at 45-80 Ma; those in the Wuyu Fm. show a large cluster at 8-15 Ma and a subsidiary cluster at 45-70 Ma; those in the Dazi Fm. show three large clusters at 45-65 Ma, 105-150 Ma and 167-238 Ma; and those in modern Wuyu river show a large cluster at 8-15 Ma and a subsidiary cluster at 45-65 Ma (Figure 1). Late Cretaceous-early Eocene zircons in all samples are consistent with the most prominent stage of magmatism of the Gangdese Mountains; the 8-15 Ma zircons in the Wuyu Fm. and modern Wuyu river are consistent with the magmatism of the Laiqing Fm.; and the Triassic-Jurassic zircons in the Dazi Fm. are consistent with the magmatism of the central Lhasa terrane. The results of detrital zircon U-Pb ages and sedimentary facies analyses in the Wuyu Basin indicate that the southern Tibetan Plateau suffered multi-stage tectonism-magmatism since the India-Asia collision: (1) Paleogene Linzizong Group-Rigongla Fm. volcanics; (2) tectonism-magmatism at ~15 Ma ended the lacustrine sediments of the Mangxiang Fm. and resulted in volcanism of the Laiqing Fm.; (3) tectonism at ~8 Ma resulted in the volcanic rocks of the Laiqing Fm. becoming one of the main provenances for the overlying Wuyu Fm.; (4) the Wuyu Basin formed braided river and received sediments from the central Lhasa terrane to its north at ~2.5 Ma. The geomorphic pattern of the southern Tibet has gradually formed since the Quaternary.
MENG Qingquan MENG Qingquan
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