(1) Data content: This data set is based on the Xuelongnang landslide in the Sanjiang basin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and reconstructs the counter-bedding slope before the slide; the counter-bedding slope before the slide is used as a reference for the shaking table model test, which is used to design the shaking table model test model and the sensor layout diagram for the counter-bedding rock slope, and a special joint is set in the model slope, and the deployed sensors are the acceleration sensors and the velocity sensors. (2) Data source and processing method: The data set is drawn by Guo Mingzhu of Beijing University of Technology using CAD software. (3) The data provide reference for the subsequent shaking table model test implementation.
GUO Mingzhu
Aiming at the 179000 km2 area of the pan three rivers parallel flow area of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, InSAR deformation observation is carried out through three kinds of SAR data: sentinel-1 lifting orbit and palsar-1 lifting orbit. According to the obtained InSAR deformation image, it is comprehensively interpreted in combination with geomorphic and optical image features. A total of 949 active landslides below 4000m above sea level were identified. It should be noted that due to the difference of observation angle, sensitivity and observation phase of different SAR data, there are some differences in the interpretation of the same landslide with different data. The scope and boundary of the landslide need to be corrected with the help of ground and optical images. The concept of landslide InSAR recognition scale is different from the traditional spatial resolution and mainly depends on the deformation intensity. Therefore, some landslides with small scale but prominent deformation characteristics and strong integrity compared with the background can also be interpreted (with SAR intensity map, topographic shadow map and optical remote sensing image as ground object reference). The minimum interpretation area can reach several pixels. For example, a highway slope landslide with only 4 pixels is interpreted with reference to the highway along the Nujiang River.
YAO Xin
The data were collected from the debris flow model test system located in the plant area of Aosite Slope Protection Engineering Co., Ltd. in Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu. The system is a multifunctional large-scale test device designed and built independently, which can be used to simulate the surface dynamic mechanism and protection of geological disasters. Compared with the famous large-scale geological disaster dynamic process model test system built by the U.S. Geological Survey, the system can change the slope arbitrarily, and can observe the transformation of debris flow or debris flow flow state and structure from the side. Based on the test system, the instruments used in the pre experiment mainly include: data acquisition instrument, laser displacement sensor, impact force sensor, acceleration sensor, microseismic sensor, high-speed camera, camera, three-dimensional laser scanner and UAV.
ZHANG Shilin
This data records the construction process of large-scale physical model test platform for high-level and long-range geological hazards. The test platform is located in the plant area of Chengdu Qingbaijiang Aosite Slope Protection Engineering Co., Ltd. The system is a multifunctional large-scale test device designed and built independently, which can be used to simulate the surface dynamic mechanism and protection of geological disasters. Compared with the famous large-scale geological disaster dynamic process model test system built by the U.S. Geological Survey, the system can change the slope arbitrarily, and can observe the transformation of debris flow or debris flow flow state and structure from the side.
ZHANG Shilin
Through the self-developed debris flow impact test device (South African invention patent, authorized patent No. 2021 / 05607), the debris flow impact test is carried out and the debris flow impact test data are obtained. The data is mainly collected in Zaozhuang College from 2019 to 2021. The scientific device was used to construct the debris flow in Qipan gully in Wenchuan Strong earthquake area. The impact model test of debris flow was systematically carried out, and about 270000 test data were obtained, which provided important scientific data for the further study of debris flow dynamics in Qipan gully. The data includes the test data of debris flow impact retaining wall, the time history change characteristic data of debris flow impact, and the change characteristic data of debris flow impact signal. The data can be used to analyze the impact characteristics of debris flow under different conditions (such as slurry viscosity, solid ratio, gravel gradation, etc.)
JIAO Pengpeng
1) Data content The experimental data of indoor weir plug instability model were collected in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province and Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The experimental analysis is mainly completed in the State Key Laboratory of geological disaster prevention and geological environment protection. The instruments used include moisture content sensor, high-speed camera, test water tank, etc. The collection time is 2019-2021 2) Data source: experimental analysis conducted by the State Key Laboratory of geological disaster prevention and geological environment protection Processing method: according to the actual particle composition of the weir plug body, the test soil with different particle sizes is screened out by a sieve analyzer, then evenly mixed together according to the weight proportion, stacked according to the predetermined size, and the sensor is buried at the fixed position. Open the valve to a constant flow of 0.25 L / s, and at the same time, open the water content sensor and two high-speed cameras for observation until the dam body is damaged and the remaining dam body is stable. After the experiment, all the experimental data were sorted and analyzed 3) The data are collected by correlation analysis instrument, which is true and reliable. 4) It can provide data support for revealing the disaster mechanism of wide moderate narrow and steep gully type debris flow in strong earthquake area; The data of maximum scouring depth, impact force, abrasion force and scouring and silting volume can provide reference for the design of debris flow disaster prevention and control engineering
余 斌
The image information data of Beichuan area in Sichuan Province, Ludian area in Yunnan Province and Bijie area in Guizhou Province can be used to construct the interpretation and identification marks of remote sensing images of mountain seismic crack and collapse, reveal the general form of mountain seismic crack and collapse, and evaluate the risk level of specific mountain seismic crack and collapse; The data can be combined with DEM data to mine the development mechanism of mountain seismic crack and collapse. On this basis, we can further study and improve the intelligent identification theory and formation mechanism of mountain seismic crack and collapse, so as to provide indicative significance for looking for the material source of other similar types of seismic crack and collapse. Some of the original data of the project can be used to fully understand the risk of earthquake cracking and collapse in Ludian area.
HAN Zheng
During the development of debris flow monitoring microwave radar prototype, a series of demonstration applications were carried out in tianmogou, Bomi County, Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. The test alarm data and application alarm data information in the demonstration application were reported and recorded through the multi-mode communication unit. This record gives the report records during the test and application. The data is the original log records exported from the background database of the control center, which are listed in Excel table according to the display of the control center, so as to improve its readability. Because the debris flow microwave radar is a result oriented monitoring, that is, its monitoring results directly give whether there is debris flow, rather than the relevant conditions of debris flow. Therefore, this data is mainly used to determine the target recognition ability in the research and development process of debris flow monitoring microwave radar. The data can be used as a reference for the development of debris flow microwave radar.
DUAN Jiangnian
During the development of multi-mode communication unit prototype for debris flow monitoring, early warning communication and management, a series of tests were carried out in Beijing. The sensor status information, communication terminal status information, product online and offline information and alarm information in the test were reported and recorded through the multi-mode communication unit. This record gives the report record during the test. The data is the original log records exported from the background database of the control center, which are listed in Excel table according to the display of the control center, so as to improve its readability. The data can be used as a reference for the development of debris flow monitoring communication equipment.
DUAN Jiangnian
The Paleogene marine strata in southern Tibet are well developed and rich in foraminifera and other marine fossils. Based on the study of macroforaminifera taxonomy and Stratigraphy in the West Tethys domain (mainly the Mediterranean region), western scholars established the Paleocene Eocene macroforaminifera biostratigraphy in 1998. Compared with Tibet in the East Tethys domain, the development of macroforaminifera in the Paleocene in the Mediterranean region is relatively poor. Therefore, the accuracy of biostratigraphy based on sittis foraminifera is low. In this study, detailed profile survey and high-density sample collection of lower Paleogene carbonate sedimentary strata in guru area, southern Tibet are carried out to supplement and improve the biostratigraphy of macroforaminifera in southern Tibet on the basis of macroforaminiferal taxonomy research; Based on biostratigraphy and carbon isotope stratigraphy, a high-resolution chronostratigraphic framework is established. A total of 7 profiles were measured in this study, and the profiles are located between 89 ° 11 ′ ~ 89 ° 13 ′ E and 28 ° 3 ′ ~ 28 ° 7 ′ n; The elevation range is 4643 ~ 5380 M. Based on the observation of rock slices in the laboratory, the age of the measured strata is preliminarily judged. P2 section is a limestone sequence overlying the late Cretaceous strata, representing the earliest Paleocene sedimentation in the study area; P1 section is a set of very thick limestone deposits of lower Paleocene; Section E2 is the top of Paleocene, close to the Paleocene / Eocene boundary; The ages of sections E1, E3, E3s and E4 are roughly early Eocene; The grayish green marl and red shale at the top of section E4 represent the latest marine strata in the study area. We plan to conduct detailed taxonomic and stratigraphic studies on foraminifera in these sections to establish high-resolution large foraminifera biostratigraphy; At the same time, we also need to analyze the changes in composition and abundance of macroforaminifera, and further explore the evolution process of macroforaminifera in early Paleogene. For the sandstone strata in the section, we need to conduct detrital zircon U-Pb isotope analysis, the obtained age and biostratigraphic data confirm each other, and further explore the paleogeographic evolution process under the influence of India Eurasia collision.
ZHANG Qinghai
On the basis of field scientific research, this parameter set integrates the parameters of debris flow disaster chain and landslide disaster chain observed along important roads in Himalayan and Hengduan Mountains. The regional scope covers Nyingchi, Shannan, Bomi, Basu, Shigatse, Ali and other regions of the Tibet Autonomous Region, as well as the East Asia rift valley of the China India channel. The source and mode of data production are processed according to the original data obtained from field scientific investigation. This parameter set is mainly based on the field investigation to determine the location and type of disaster and disaster chain, the damage of major highway projects and other information, and then sorted into tables and shp files. It is hoped that this data can provide help for disaster prevention and reduction of road projects in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
DENG Hongyan
On the basis of satellite image recognition, this data set catalogues and photographs the debris flow disaster chain and landslide disaster chain observed in the Himalayas and its surrounding areas; And fill in the data form, scientific examination log file and distribution map. Discipline scope of this data set: information and system science related engineering and technology - > systematic application of information technology - > geographic information system. This data mainly determines the location and type of disaster and disaster chain through field investigation, and then arranges it into tables and generates original data such as vector data and scientific research logs. The field scientific research areas include Nyingchi, Shannan, Bomi, Basu, Shigatse, Ali and other areas of the Tibet Autonomous Region, and the South-North rift areas such as Yadong, Nyalam, Chentang village, Jilong and Pulan of the South Asia channel.
DENG Hongyan
The dataset contains the continuous daily lake surface temperature of 160 Lakes (with an area of more than 40km2) in the Tibetan Plateau from 1978 to 2017. Firstly, an semi-physical lake model (air2water) based on energy balance was improved to realize the continuous simulation of lake surface temperature even during ice age. The impoved model was calibrated by lake surface temperature from MOD11A1 product. The correlation between the dataset and in-situ lake surface temperature of four lakes is higher than 0.9, and the root mean square errors are less than 2.5 ℃. The data set provides data support for understanding the water and heat balance , the process of aquatic ecosystem and its response to climate change of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau.
GUO Linan , WU Yanhong, ZHENG Hongxing , ZHANG Bing , WEN Mengxuan
The fluctuation of a single lake level is a comprehensive reflection of water balance within the basin, while the regional consistent fluctuations of lake level can indicate the change of regional effective moisture. Previous researches were mainly focused on reconstructing effective moisture by multiproxy analyses of lake sediments, but lacked the quantitative studies on regional effective moisture variation. This dataset exhibits the Holocene effective moisture change in typical lake regions of the Tibetan Plateau and East and Central Asia, including Qinghai Lake, Chen Co, Bangong Co, etc., by constructing a virtual lake system, based on a lake energy balance model, a lake water balance model and a transient climate evolution model. The simulation results provide a new perspective for exploring the evolution of lakes on the millennial scale.
LI Yu
The three-dimensional model obtained by three-dimensional inversion processing of MT data completed in Qulong mining area and the inversion of MT full impedance data show the shallow three-dimensional electrical structure characteristics of 5km with strong anisotropy. The isosurface of high resistivity body in Qulong mining area shows that the high resistivity anomaly with resistivity greater than 200 Ω• m mainly reflects the distribution of intermediate acid intrusive rocks, and the low resistivity anomaly less than 200 Ω • m mainly reflects the distribution characteristics of Quaternary sedimentary strata, rhyolite and tuff of Yeba formation. Based on the resistivity structure in Qulong ore concentration area, combined with some drilling data and physical property data collected, a three-dimensional geophysical model of Qulong ore concentration area is constructed by using GOCAD software. Compared with the three-dimensional model star of Jiama ore concentration area, due to the limitation of data, the three-dimensional geophysical model of Qulong ore concentration area is slightly worse. But it is also the only three-dimensional geophysical model provided so far. The model is helpful to the development and utilization of Qulong ore concentration area.
HE Rizheng
The Jiama deposit in Tibet is a very typical polymetallic deposit in the Gangdise metallogenic belt. Through theoretical prediction and research, it is believed that concealed porphyry-skarn ore bodies are developed in the deep part of the ore concentration area. However, the exploration model based on the borehole coverage of the mining area has a low degree of prediction of the potential target area in the peripheral area. In this paper, based on the density, magnetic properties, resistivity, and polarizability data of 45 borehole cores in the Jiama deposit, we inverted and analyzed the three-dimensional magnetotelluric sounding data volume covering the Jiama deposit and its periphery. At the same time, based on the GOCAD software platform, through discrete smooth interpolation and stochastic simulation algorithms, we constructed the stratum lithology-geophysical three-dimensional visualization integrated model of the Jiama deposit. Combining the results of 2D geological interpretation of 11 magnetotelluric (MT) profiles, we have finely depicted the development characteristics of 3D skarn bodies below 3000m, and verified them with the Jiama Scientific Deep Drill JMKZ-1 well, which was not involved in the modeling, and the results show a consistency agreement. Besides, by combining the skarn metallogenic model, analyzing the characteristics of the electrical parameters of the Jiama deposit and adjacent areas, and combining the electrical characteristics of the three-dimensional skarn, we predict the favorable Target area of stratified skarn in Jiama deposit. The results of this study provide a demonstration of 3D modeling technology for the evaluation of deep resource potential and the goal of increasing reserves in the mining area.
HE Rizheng
At present, dense short-period seismic observation has become a passive source seismic observation method with fast and high-density spatial sampling, which can obtain the characteristics of velocity and interface structure under the ore concentration area. Pds-2 short period seismograph (dominant frequency: 1-2HZ) is used for multiple times. The observation is arranged inside and around the ore concentration area. The station spacing is 100m-200m-500m-1000m. The observation lasts for about 2 months. The utilization rate is 100sps or 200sps, and continuous records are made. The data format is minified, and the length of the data file is 1 hour; Pds-2 short period seismograph is powered by built-in lithium battery, which needs to work in the way of manual alternative layout. The overall layout is divided into three times, which are from June 2019 to July 2019, from September 2019 to November 2019 and from August 2020 to September 2020. The amount of data collected is about 800g, and the data completeness reaches 86%.
HE Rizheng
In this study, passive source seismology is used to systematically detect the metallogenic background of the ore concentration area. Therefore, 20 broadband seismic observation points are arranged in Jiama Qulong ore concentration area. The observation period is more than 12 months. The wide-band seismograph arranged in a plane is the integrated wide-band seismograph of nanomatrics horizon in Canada and cmg-3tde in the UK. The data format is minified. Before the actual field data acquisition, the seismometer, digital collector, GPS antenna and continuous power supply system used in the field data acquisition were tested before construction in Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, so as to ensure that the instrument can work normally in the field work. Most of the stations are located where the environmental interference is as small as possible to minimize the signal interference caused by human or other natural vibrations. However, due to the observation in the ore concentration area, some observation points cannot be avoided. Considering that the work area is located in Tibet, China, with strong light and large interference, in order to ensure high-quality and continuous waveform records on the basis of reducing instrument risks, we adopted the method of digging a pit to build a platform foundation, and established a platform foundation with unified specifications for each instrument. First, dig a large pit with a diameter of 80-90 cm and a depth of about 80 cm at the location where the station is to be arranged. Before digging the pit, ensure that the underground soil is the original soil rather than backfill. When digging the pit, it is best to dig the bedrock. Secondly, after the pit is excavated, arrange a prefabricated cement pier with a thickness of about 20cm and a diameter of about 30cm, then prepare a large plastic bucket with a volume of 200 L, dig holes at the bottom of the bucket, insert the bucket bottom after digging into the cement pier to the greatest extent, and then tamp it with cement or in-situ soil around the cement pier, And punch holes at the appropriate position where the barrel top is higher than the ground as the cable inlet and outlet. When the seismometer is put into the big bucket, a small bucket shall be buckled upside down on the seismometer to ensure that the seismometer is isolated from the small bucket. Finally, fill the inverted bucket and the upright bucket with high-strength sponge, stubborn. There are two advantages: first, it can isolate the seismometer and ensure the stability of internal temperature and pressure conditions; Second, it can ensure the stability of the environment in the barrel and reduce the background noise. Before installing the seismometer, the surface of the cement pier shall be dried first to ensure good contact between the supporting foot of the seismometer and the installation surface. Then use the geological compass for accurate orientation, mark the cement surface with plastic ruler, marker pen and other tools, and draw the pointing line. The pointing line should preferably pass through the center where the seismometer will be placed. After determining the orientation, place the seismometer on the drawn azimuth scale line, and rotate the seismometer to make the copper pointer at the bottom consistent with the pointing line (the copper pointer points to the East). It should be noted that the compass is easily affected by ferromagnetic objects during orientation. Therefore, the compass should be slightly away from sensors, iron tools, etc. Thirdly, connect the corresponding wire to the seismometer and wrap it around the instrument on the cement surface for several weeks. Finally, adjust the sensor foot screws to make the bubbles center and lock the screws. The broadband mobile seismic station observation adopts the continuous waveform recording method for data acquisition, the sampling rate is 100sps, and the GPS continuous signal receiving method is used for positioning, timing and clock calibration.
HE Rizheng
Tiegelongnan deposit is a large porphyry epithermal copper (gold) deposit in duolong porphyry area in the south of Qiangtang terrane in central and Western Tibet, China. The deposit is centered on the multi-stage granodiorite porphyry (GP) intrusion invading Jurassic sandstone. Phase 1 and phase 2 GP are related to biotite and sericite alteration, while phase 3 and phase 4 GP occur in the middle and shallow part of the deposit affected by sericite and high-grade argillaceous alteration (alunite kaolinite dickite pyrophyllite). Sericite alteration generally exists in the deep part of the deposit, replacing biotite alteration, and occurs porphyry chalcopyrite boron nickel pyrite ± molybdenite mineralization. The high-grade argillaceous alteration is related to the mineralization of high sulfide (marmatite, marmatite, bornite and monzonite) in the epithermal stage, superimposing sericite and biotite alteration in the shallow part of the deposit. The top of tielongnan hydrothermal system is weathered with a layer of supergene oxidation enrichment zone, which is stripped and covered by andesite and gravel. The 40Ar-39Ar age of Muscovite sampled from deep sericite alteration is 120.9 ± 0.8 Ma, which is consistent with the previously reported 40Ar-39Ar age of hydrothermal biotite 121.1 ± 0.6 Ma, molybdenite Re Os ages 121.2 ± 0.6 Ma and 119.0 ± 1.4 Ma, and GP 1 and 2 zircon U-Pb ages 121.5 ± 1.5, 120.2 ± 1.0 MA (laicp-ms results) and 118.7 ± 0.9 MA (SIMS results). The ca-id-tims zircon U-Pb age from stage 3 GP 3 is 119.9 ± 0.2 mA, which limits the age of porphyry magmatic hydrothermal events. The porphyry system was subsequently exfoliated, weathered and superimposed by discrete stages of high-grade argillaceous alteration and high sulfide mineralization. The 40Ar-39Ar ages generated by the two pulses of alunite event are 116.3 ± 0.8 Ma and 111.7 ± 1.0 Ma, respectively, representing the main epithermal alteration and mineralization ages in tielongnan. The first alunite pulse age is consistent with the younger porphyry (gp4) age of 116.2 ± 0.4 MA (zircon LA-ICP-MS age). The weathering and exhumation of porphyry epithermal deposits continued until ~ 110 Ma, and the andesite and andesite were covered with gravel. Andesite is affected by younger weak hydrothermal alteration at 108.7 ± 0.7 Ma, which is limited by the 40Ar-39Ar age of muscovite. The 40Ar-39Ar age of another barren alunite is 100.6 ± 2.0 Ma, which may represent the youngest hydrothermal event. The long-lived exothermic fluid activity of tielongnan deposit in ~ 120 ~ 100mA is consistent with the long-term tectonic magmatic event of Bangong Nujiang suture zone. The discrete epithermal metallogenic events in tiegelongan are younger than those in porphyry, which is similar to several other epithermal deposits in the world. The ~ 10 m.y exhumation history of tiegelongan is slower than the typical and rapid erosion history of ~ 1 – 2 m.y. porphyry deposits in low altitude tropical climate, and during a specific sudden uplift pulse in the Andes. The slow exhumation of tielongnan is considered to be the comprehensive result of the Cretaceous arid climate environment, relatively flat terrain and slow uplift conditions in central and Western Tibet. The experiment was entrusted to the inert gas Laboratory of the Pacific isotope and geochemistry research center of Columbia University, Canada; The data quality is good. The sample is crushed in the ring mill, washed with distilled water and ethanol, dried to - 40 + 60 mesh and sieved. Select suitable mineral particles from the bulk part. The samples were wrapped in aluminum foil and stacked in the irradiation chamber together with similar aged samples and neutron flux monitors (fish Canyon tuff Sani DIN (FCS), 28.201 ± 0.046ma). These samples were irradiated at the McMaster nuclear reactor in Hamilton, Ontario, in July 2017 at 134 MWh of the flux point in 8e. The J value error generated by the analysis of 16 neutron flux monitor positions (n = 54) is less than 0.5%.
YANG Chao , WANG Liqiang
Pusangguo is a high-grade copper polymetallic deposit dominated by skarn. It is the only large copper lead zinc cobalt nickel deposit in the Gangdise metallogenic belt (GMB); There are few records of magmatic rocks related to the deposit, and its petrogenesis and geodynamic background are not clear. In order to explore these problems, we provided zircon u – Pb ages, Hf isotope, whole rock geochemistry and Sr – nd – Pb isotope data of Busan fruit biotite granodiorite (PBG) and Busan fruit diorite porphyrite (PDP) in the deposit. Entrusted the analysis and testing center of Beijing Institute of geology of nuclear industry and the State Key Laboratory of geological process and mineral resources of China University of Geosciences (Beijing); The fresh rock samples were ground to 200 mesh without pollution for analyzing the main and trace elements and Sr nd Pb isotopic values of the whole rock. Zircon U-Pb Dating: Zircon was glued to the slide with double-sided adhesive, covered with PVC ring, and then epoxy resin and curing agent were fully mixed and injected into the PVC ring. After the resin is completely cured, the sample target is stripped from the glass slide, ground and polished, and then the sample on the target is photographed by reflected light and transmitted light under microscope and cathode fluorescence photography. According to the cathodoluminescence, reflected light and transmitted light photos of zircon, the appropriate (interested) zircon dating domain is selected. The data results are good.
LI Zhuang , WANG Liqiang
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