The content of this data set is the measurements of body weight and body size (body height, body length, chest circumference, tube circumference) of 11 representative yak populations in Qinghai pastoral area at 2018. All the metadata comes from the work of body weight monitoring of yaks in Qinghai pastoral area at 2018, by the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences. The data set is named by “Monitoring Data Set of Body Weights of Traditional Grazing Yaks in Qinghai Pastoral Area (2018)”, consisting of 11 worksheets. The names and contents of worksheets are as follows: 1. Haiyan-Halejing (167 yaks in halejing Mongolian Town, Haiyan County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 2. Qilian-Mole (69 yaks in Mole Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 3. Qilian-Yeniugou (42 yaks in Yeniugou Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 4. Qilian-Yanglong (104 yaks in Yanglong Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 5. Qilian-Ebao (28 yaks in Ebao Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 6. Tianjun-Xinyuan (38 yaks in Xinyuan Town, Tianjun County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 7. Tianjun-Longmen (100 yaks in Longmen Town, Tianjun County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 8. Gande-Ganlong (36 yaks in Ganglong Town, Gande County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 9. Guinan-Taxiu (70 yaks in Taxiu Town, Guinan County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 10. Henan-Kesheng (73 yaks in Kesheng Town, Henan Mongolian Autonomous Country, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 11. Ledu-Dala (50 yaks in Dala Town, Ledu District, Haidong City). This data set comprehensively evaluates the growth performance of yaks grazing in alpine meadow under the current ecological environment through the measurement of weight and body size data in the representative areas of Qinghai pastoral area. The data set can be compared with the growth characteristics of representative populations of Qinghai yaks measured in 1981 and 2008 recorded in 1983 and 2013, and the degradation index of growth performance of yaks grazing in Qinghai pastoral area can be obtained, which is helpful to assess the impact of ecological environment changes on the growth and production performance of grazing livestock.
JIA Gongxue, YANG Qien, Tianwei XU
This data is derived from the Supplementary Tables of the paper: Chen, F. H., Welker, F., Shen, C. C., Bailey, S. E., Bergmann, I., Davis, S., Xia, H., Wang, H., Fischer, R., Freidline, S. E., Yu, T. L., Skinner, M. M., Stelzer, S., Dong, G. R., Fu, Q. M., Dong, G. H., Wang, J., Zhang, D. J., & Hublin, J. J. (2019). A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau. Nature, 569, 409-412. This research is another breakthrough made by academician Fahu Chen and his team over the years research of human activities and environmental adaptation on the Tibetan Plateau. The research team analyzed the newly discovered hominid mandible fossils in Xiahe County, Gansu Province, China, and identified it belongs to Denisovan of the Tibetan Plateau, which suggested to call Xiahe Denisovan. The team conducted a multidisciplinary analysis of the fossil, including chronology, physique morphology, molecular archaeology, living environment and human adaptation. It is the first Denisovan fossil found outside the Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains and the earliest evidence of human activity on the Tibetan Plateau (160 kyr BP). This study provides key evidence for further study of Denisovans' physical characteristics and distribution in East Asia, it also provides evidence of a deep evolutionary history of these archaic hominins within the challenging environment of the Tibetan Plateau. This data contains 6 tables, table name and contents are as follows: t1: Distances in mm between meshes generated from CT versus photoscans (PS). t2: Measurements of the Xiahe mandible after reconstruction. t3: Comparative Dental metrics. t4: Comparative crown morphology. t5: Uniprot accession numbers for protein sequences of extant primates used in the phylogenetic analyses. t6: Specimen names and numbers.
CHEN Fahu
This data set is a database for the application of SWAT Model in the upper reaches of Heihe River and the source area of the Yellow River, mainly including soil and vegetation, and DEM. There are many parameters involved in soil and vegetation, including conventional soil physical and chemical parameters, vegetation parameters and biomass parameters. The determination method of parameter value includes sampling measurement, literature and other related databases, as well as calculation through related software. As the soil and vegetation database of SWAT model involves comprehensive parameters, most of them can also be used as reference for other ecological and hydrological models driving data besides SWAT model.
ZOU Songbing
Thematic data on desertification in Western Asia, includes two parts: Distribution Map of Sandy Land in Western Asia, Distribution Map of Grassland Degradation in Western Asia. The spatial resolution of the data is 30m. The data produced by the key laboratory of remote sensing and GIS, Xinjiang institute of ecology and geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the spatial resolution of data is 30 m. Data production Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDA20030101. The map of artificial oasis pattern in Amu river basin is based on Landsat TM and ETM image data in 2015. Firstly, with the help of eCognition software, the object-oriented classification is carried out. Secondly, the classification results are checked and corrected manually.
The data set includes the spatial distribution of grass yield in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2017. The gross primary productivity (GPP) of grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was simulated based on the ecological hydrological dynamic model VIP (vegetation interface process) with independent intellectual property of Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The net primary productivity (NPP) was estimated by empirical coefficient, and converted it into dry matter, and then the hay yield was estimated by root-shoot ratio. The spatial resolution is 1km. The data set will provide the basis for grassland resource management, development, utilization and the formulation of the strategy of "grass for livestock".
MO Xingguo
This dataset subsumes sustainable livestock carrying capacity in 2000, 2010, and 2018 and overgrazing rate in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2017 at county level over Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Based on the NPP data simulated by VIP (vehicle interface process), an eco hydrological model with independent intellectual property of the institute of geographic sciences and nature resources research(IGSNRR), Chinese academy of Sciences(CAS), the grass yield data (1km resolution) is obtained. Grass yield is then calculated at county level, and corresponding sustainable livestock carring capacity is calculated according to the sustainable livestock capacity calculation standard of China(NY / T 635-2015). Overgrazing rate is calculated based on actual livestock carring capacity at county level.The dataset will provide reference for grassland restoration, management and utilization strategies.
MO Xingguo
The Pan Third Pole is sensitive to global climate change, its warming rate is more than twice of the global rate, and it is affected by the synergy of westerlies and monsoons. How to respond to climate change will have a profound impact on regional ecological security. However, the estimation of NPP by current products is still uncertain. For this reason, this product combines multi-source remote sensing data, including AVHRR NDVI, MODIS reflectivity data, a variety of climate variables (temperature, precipitation, radiation, VPD) and a large number of field measured data, and uses machine learning algorithm to retrieve the net primary production capacity of Pan third polar ecosystem.
WANG Tao
This data set is a spatial and temporal variation map of temperate grassland types in Eurasia, China regional classification map (1980S).The data is in TIF raster format, and the spatial resolution is 1km. The values of the three-level classification of thermal grassland are 1-8, respectively: :1- Temperate meadow grassland;2- Typical temperate grassland;3- Temperate desertification grassland;4- Temperate grassland desert;5- temperate desert and three non-temperate grassland types (6- alpine grassland, 7- other vegetation area, 8- non-vegetation area). Based on the data set of vegetation map of the people's Republic of China (1:1 000 000 000) hosted by the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and combined with historical and meteorological data, the vegetation map of the people's Republic of China contains 11 vegetation type groups, 55 vegetation types and 960 vegetation types in 1980s Based on the historical meteorological data from 1980 to 1989, combined with satellite data for further analysis and correction, and spatial interpolation calculation, we obtained the three-level classification of temperate grassland in China. The data can be used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of temperate grassland in Eurasia.
TANG Jiakui
According to the characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the principles of scientificity, systematization, integrity, operability, measurability, conciseness and independence, the human activity intensity evaluation index system suitable for the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has been constructed, which mainly includes the main human activities such as agricultural and animal husbandry activities, industrial and mining development, urbanization development, tourism activities, major ecological engineering construction, pollutant discharge, etc, On the basis of remote sensing data, ground observation data, meteorological data and social statistical yearbook data, the positive and negative effects of human activities are quantitatively evaluated by AHP, and the intensity and change characteristics of human activities are comprehensively evaluated. The data can not only help to enhance the understanding of the role of human activities in the vegetation change in the sensitive areas of global change, but also provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of social economy in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and provide scientific basis for protecting the ecological environment of the plateau and building a national ecological security barrier.
ZHANG Haiyan, XIN Liangjie, FAN Jiangwen, YUAN Xiu
Geographical distribution of major ecological protection and construction projects on the Tibetan plateau. There are four main projects, i.e. forest protection and construction project, grassland protection and construction project, desertification control project, soil erosion comprehensive control project. Processing method: classified summary, and the county as a unit of the regional distribution.
Da Wei
1、Based on field eddy correlation (EC) measurement data, using the standard data processing method for EC data, including despiking, coordinate rotation, air density corrections, outlier rejection, and friction velocity threshold (u*) corrections, gap filled, and NEE partition. The dataset collects carbon flux data and microclimate measurement data from 2003 to 2016 in three typical alpine grassland ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including Damxung alpine meadow, Haibei alpine meadow ，Naqu alpine meadow，Zoige alpine grassland，Qilian mountion grassland . The time resolution of data is high (30 min), and the interpolation of data is complete throughout the year. This dataset can be applied to carbon flux assessment, comparison and prediction in these alpine meadows, attribution of climate factors affecting carbon flux, validation of model simulation results, etc. 2、Based on the MCDGF43 dataset, we produce the visible and near-infared albedo of Tibetan Plateau, using the standard data processing of hdf to tif , including the moasic, resample and masked by Tibetan Plateau's boundary. The time resolution of dataset is 8 days and the spatial resolution is 500 meters, which span the period of 2003-2016.
ZHANG Yangjian, SU Peixi, YANG Yan
This data set includes biomass survey data observed from the carbon flux station in the Guoluo Army Ranch in Qinghai from 2005 to 2009. Carbon flux data observation method: vorticity-related observation instruments were used for automatic recording; biomass observation method: harvest method, weighing in a 60-degree oven for 48 hours. The carbon flux data were automatically recorded by the instruments and manually checked. Observations and data collection were carried out in strict accordance with the instrument operating specifications and were published in relevant academic journals. During the data observation process, the operation of the instrument and the selection of the observational objects were in strict accordance with professional requirements, and the data could be applied to plant leaf photosynthetic parameter simulation and production estimation. 1) Biological observational data of the Guoluo meadow ecosystem: Date, site number, vegetation type, plot number, aboveground biomass (g/m²), underground biomass (g/m²), total biomass (g/m²) 2) Carbon flux observational data of the Guoluo meadow ecosystem: Site number, date, vegetation type, soil type, water vapor flux (w/m²), carbon flux (mg/m²·S) The fixed point observation data are of high precision.
ZHAO Xinquan
This data set includes carbon flux data and soil moisture data obtained from the Swamp Meadow Carbon Flux Station in Dangxiong. The temporal coverage is from 2009 to 2010. The temporal resolution of carbon flux data is 4 hours, and it records data from 00:00 to 20:00; the temporal resolution of the soil moisture data is 1 day. All data were automatically recorded by the vorticity-related observing instruments and manually checked. The observation and collection of the data were performed in strict accordance with the instrument operating specifications. During the data observation process, the operation of the instrument and the selection of the observation object were strictly in accordance with professional requirements. The data were collected at Dangxiong Wetland Carbon Flux Observatory of Lhasa Agro-ecological Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences, longitude: 91°07’; latitude: 30°50’; and altitude: 4333 m. The data set can be used in simulations of plant leaf photosynthetic parameter and evaluations of productivity to study the water and carbon processes of wetland ecosystems and their responses to climate change.
SHI Peili
1) Initial data of community characteristics and main plant biological characteristics of the grass-animal equilibrium stage of the test grassland in 1983; 2) Livestock management data of 4-5 grazing grasslands; 3) Observation data of diversity, productivity and functional group of different grazing grassland communities; 4) Observation data on the height, coverage, biomass, and flower morphology, tillering, and leaf characteristics of main plants in different grazing gradient grasslands 5) Observation data of soil nutrients and litter in different grazing grasslands.
ZHAO Chengzhang
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