The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2020.106617, which includes the distribution of the average thickness of the crust and the average Vp/Vs ratio of the crust based on the h-kappa stacking of the P-wave receiver functions on 42 stations near the Dahutang mining area in Jiangxi Province. The dataset contains 1 file in DAT format: Dahutang_ moho_ vpvs.dat。 The data set can be used to show the Moho undulation feature of the Dahutang mining area, perspective the transverse distribution characteristics of crust and crustal wave velocity ratio in Dahutang polymetallic metallogenic area, and then discuss the difference of average composition of crust inside and outside the mining area.
DENG Yangfan
（1）An Ms 6.0 earthquake struck Changning county, Sichuan basin, SW China on 17 June 2019, which caused huge casualties and economic losses. Four Ms greater than 5.0 events subsequently occurred around the Changning source area, three of which occurred within one week. In order to better understand the mechanism of these moderate-sized earthquakes, we determine 3-D high-resolution velocity models around the source area simultaneously relocating earthquakes using double-difference tomography. In the present study, we use a total of 53,487 P-wave and 52,527 S-wave arrival times from 8818 events recorded at 39 seismic stations. Our results show that focal depths of the Changning mainshock and most aftershocks are ~5–10 km, and they form a fault plane with a steep dip angle. Most earthquakes are underlain by the zone with low Vp, low Vs, and high Vp/Vs anomalies, reflecting the existence of fluids there. These results suggest that the Changning mainshock and other moderate-sized earthquakes might be associated with the influence of fluids that could decrease effective normal stress on the fault planes. These fluids might be related to the hot and wet mantle upwelling in the big mantle wedge due to the deep subduction of the Indian plate down to the mantle transition zone. A clear high-to-low velocity transition zone is observed at ~10 km depth beneath the Gongxian and Xingwen swarms, which matches well with the detachment layer revealed by deep seismic soundings in the area. All these results suggest that the structural contrast could control the mainshock generation and aftershock extension. （2）The Tanlu fault zone is the most significant active fault in eastern China, which generated the great 1668 Tancheng earthquake (M 8.5). It is still unclear whether or not there is a link between the great earthquake generation and the upper-mantle structure. To address this issue, we study P-wave upper-mantle tomography beneath eastern China using 44,047 teleseismic P-wave arrival times. Our results show that at depths<150 km, high-velocity (high-V) anomalies appear west of the Tanlu fault zone, whereas low-velocity (low-V) anomalies are visible east of the fault zone. Strong lateral heterogeneities are revealed along the fault zone. At depths of 230–470 km, northwest of the Tanlu fault zone, there are obvious low-V anomalies that may reflect hot and wet mantle upwelling, whereas to the east high-V anomalies are visible, which may reflect the detached Eurasian lithosphere (downwelling). In the mantle transition zone (MTZ), both high-V and low-V anomalies are revealed, and the widespread high-V anomalies may reflect the stagnant Pacific slab. Beneath the hypocenter of the 1668 Tancheng earthquake, intermittent low-V anomalies are revealed in the upper mantle down to the MTZ depth, which may reflect hot and wet mantle upwelling flow. Integrating the present results with previous findings, we deem that the Tancheng earthquake was affected by fluids from the hot and wet mantle upwelling associated with the lithospheric delamination. Complicated mantle convection, including both upwelling and downwelling flows, may occur under the Tanlu fault zone in the big mantle wedge above the stagnant Pacific slab in the MTZ. （3）Since the occurrence of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ms8.0), many researchers have conducted extensive seismological and geophysical observations and investigations and obtained important results about the Longmenshan fault zone. Crustal structure inferred from local tomography shows that seismic velocity exhibits significant changes across the Wenchuan earthquake hypocenter from the south to the north. To the south, obvious low-velocity (low-V) anomalies exist, whereas strong lateral heterogeneities are revealed to the north, which may explain why the aftershocks extend northeastward. The Wenchuan earthquake occurred at the boundary between high-velocity (high-V) and low-V anomalies and a significant low-V zone is revealed below the mainshock hypocenter, suggesting that the nucleation of the Wenchuan earthquake was related to partial melts and/or fluid effects and associated with the reduction of effective normal stress on the fault plane, due to high temperature and high pressure in the Longmenshan fault zone caused by the India-Asia collision. The upper-mantle structure inferred from teleseismic tomography shows that the Longmenshan fault zone is located in the transition zone from low-V anomalies beneath the Songpan-Ganzi block to high-V anomalies beneath the Sichuan basin. This structural feature extends down to 200−300 km depths. High-V anomalies in the mantle transition zone are connected with those in the upper mantle beneath the Burma arc, indicating that the Wenchuan earthquake could be associated with upwelling of hot and wet materials in the big mantle wedge formed by the deep subduction of the Indian plate. These results suggest that the generation of the Wenchuan earthquake was related to structural heterogeneities in not only the crust but also the upper mantle. In addition, the Wenchuan earthquake may be related to the lower crustal flow, crustal shortening and Zipingpu Reservoir triggering.
LEI Jianshe, ZHANG Bing
Seismic anisotropy imposes first-order constraints on the strain history of crust and upper mantle rocks. In this study, we analyze the mantle seismic anisotropy of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin using a new shear wave spitting data set consisting of 1,333 teleseismic arrivals from 82 seismic stations. The resulting 332 high-quality measurements yield a regional mean apparent splitting time (i.e., the magnitude of anisotropy) of 1.10.3s and an average fast orientation (i.e., the direction of anisotropy) of 54.6 degrees 17.2 degrees, which favor a two-layer anisotropic model based on the 90 degrees back azimuthal periodicity in both parameters. The northeast trending fast orientations dominate the lower layer at lithospheric depths and are approximately parallel to the present-day absolute plate motions (APMs; i.e., <35 degrees) due to the active asthenospheric flow. On the other hand, deviations from the APMs along the Canadian Rocky Mountain foothills could reflect disrupted mantle flow surrounding a southwestward migrating cratonic lithosphere. Also revealed are two elongated upper-layer anisotropic anomalies in the lithosphere that are spatially correlated with Moho depths. Their characteristics suggest frozen-in anisotropy imprinted along two convergent boundaries: (1) the Paleoproterozoic Snowbird Tectonic Zone that separates northeast (north) from northwest (south) fast directions and (2) the foothills of the Rocky Mountains that exhibit northeast trending orientations consistent with those of the APMs, maximum crustal stress, and electromagnetic anisotropy. Compressions associated with the Cordilleran orogenesis could be responsible for the spatial changes in the shear wave anisotropy from the foothills to the cratonic interior.
WU Lei
The data include the location information of 14 seismic stations in Sichuan Basin, the teleseismic receiver function waveform (Gauss coefficient is 5.0) and the thickness and VP / vs ratio of sedimentary and bedrock layers obtained by multi-layer H-K superposition method. By selecting the epicentral distance of 30-90 degrees and the teleseismic events greater than 5.5 degrees recorded by 4 fixed stations set up by China Seismological Bureau and 10 mobile stations set up by Institute of Geology and Geophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2010 to 2012 in the study area, the time domain iterative deconvolution method is used to obtain the radial convergence function. The results show that: the thickness of sedimentary layer is mainly distributed in 4.2-7.6 km, and the wave velocity ratio is generally more than 1.87; the thickness of bedrock is mainly distributed in 33.4-41.8 km, and the wave velocity ratio is generally less than 1.74. The uploaded data provide valuable data and information for others to further study the structural characteristics of Sichuan Basin.
WEI Zigen
The data are the radioactive isotope dating data, mineral isotope composition data and seismic wave velocity data of metamorphic rocks in the lower crust. The samples were collected from Cenozoic basalts and felsic granulite, neutral granulite and basic granulite xenoliths in Nushan area, Anhui Province, southeastern North China Craton. The U-Pb isotopic data were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The data of mineral isotopic composition were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Rock seismic wave data are estimated by binocular lens and calculated by empirical formula. The obtained data reconstruct the fine structure and evolution of the lower crust in the southeastern margin of North China.
PING Xianquan
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2019.04.003 In the study of the. In this study, 19 inversion points were selected based on the seismic stations in the Cathaysia Block. Under the constraint of shallow P-wave velocity, the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and surface wave dispersion was carried out, and the S-wave velocity structure under the station was obtained. The dataset contains 19 files in the format of DAT, such as cathaysia01.velocity.dat. The data set can be used to show the velocity structure of the lithosphere in the Cathaysia Block and to see the deep mechanism corresponding to a large amount of granite outcropping in the area.
DENG Yangfan
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2020.106617. The S-wave velocity structure under the station is obtained by using the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and the group velocity dispersion of 42 stations located near the Dahutang mining area in Jiangxi Province. The dataset contains 42 files in the format of DAT: for example, dahutang.jx46.velocity.dat. The data set represents the lithospheric velocity structure of the Dahutang mining area and understands the deep mechanism of Dahutang polymetallic mineralization.
DENG Yangfan
The data include the cross-correlation function extracted from the continuous seismic background noise data of vertical component recorded by 54 fixed seismic stations and 17 mobile seismic stations in Jiuyishan and its adjacent area from May 2016 to June 2017, and the final inversion of crustal S-wave velocity. The dispersion curves of group velocity and phase velocity of 2-40s are obtained by time-frequency analysis. The inversion imaging results show that the structural characteristics of the crust and upper mantle of the Yangtze block and the Cathaysian Block are significantly different. The S-wave velocity distribution map of 10-20km shows linear and continuous low velocity anomalies, which may be the specific boundary between the Yangtze block and the Cathaysian Block. The imaging results provide seismological constraints for understanding the tectonic evolution history of South China. The uploaded data provide valuable data and information for others to further study the structural characteristics of Jiuyi mountain and its adjacent areas.
The reconstruction of the craton by the mantle plume and its subsequent dynamic effects are important scientific issues related to the formation and evolution of the craton. Emeishan Large Igneous Province is located in the western margin of Yangtze craton, which is an ideal window to study the effect of mantle plume on craton reformation. With the support of the national key research and development program "Deep Process and Resource Effect of Important Yanshanian Events" (Grant 2016YFC0600400), the mantle deformation characteristics of Emeishan Large Igneous Province were obtained by using teleseismic shear wave (sks, SKKS and PKS) splitting; Combined with the wave velocity structure, geothermal flow and volcanic rock distribution, it reveals the strengthening effect of mantle plume on the craton and the profound influence of the strengthened lithosphere on the present deep process of the southeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau; At the same time, it also provides a new perspective for further understanding the origin of seismic anisotropy at the top of the upper mantle and asthenosphere demonstrator interaction.
LI Wei CHEN Yun
Data content: this data set is the EBSD and TIMA analysis and test results and seismic wave calculation results of mylonitic amphibolite in the southeast edge of Tibet Plateau. The EBSD test results obtain the crystal orientation data (CPO) of amphibole, mica and plagioclase. The mineral composition of the whole rock and the corresponding percentage content are obtained from the TIMA test results.The seismic properties is based on EBSD and TIMA data calculated by ANIS_ctf software. Data source and processing method: EBSD analysis was completed by FEI FEG-650 scanning electron microscope equipped with EBSD probe in the Key Laboratory of orogenic belt and crustal evolution, School of earth and Space Sciences, Peking University. The accelerating voltage is 20kV and the working distance is 18 mm., In order to avoid the error caused by mineral particle size to the calculation of orientation difference density function (ODF), we manually collected the crystal orientation data (CPO) of main minerals amphibole, mica and plagioclase by using EBSD point analysis mode of hkl Aztec software. The data of TIMA comes from the Key Laboratory of orogenic belt and crustal evolution of the Ministry of education of Peking University and is obtained by four high spatial and temporal resolution EDAX energy spectrometers mounted on tescan field emission scanning electron microscope. The test voltage is 25kV, the working distance is 15mm, and the beam spot is 100nm. Description of data quality: the sample is a 27mm x 47mm standard sheet. EBSD test adopts manual point analysis mode, which avoids the error caused by mineral particle size to the calculation of orientation difference density function (ODF), and removes inaccurate identification points (MAD > 1.3 °), with high data quality and strong reliability. The TIMA scanning area is full film scanning, the scanning mode is high resolution, and the step size is set to 1 μ m。 Because four energy spectrum detectors are equipped, the data acquisition time is short, the accuracy is high, the requirements for sample morphology are low, the detection limit is low, the data quality is high and the reliability is strong. Data application achievements and prospects: through the analysis of EBSD and TIMA data, we have defined the mineral assemblage characteristics of the lower crust on the southeast Tibet Plateau, which can be used for the calculation of rock seismic wave attributes and the study of the deformation model of the lower crust on the southeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
HUANG Baoyou
The data include the location information of 154 seismic stations in the middle and southern segment of Tan Lu fault zone and its adjacent area, the teleseismic receiver function waveform and the crustal S-wave velocity inversed by receiver function (Gauss coefficient is 5.0) and surface wave. By selecting 63 fixed stations set up by China Seismological Bureau and 91 mobile stations set up by Institute of Geology and Geophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences with observation time of one year to record 30-90 degree epicentral distance and events with magnitude greater than 5.5, the time domain iterative deconvolution method of CPS program is used to extract the radial convergence function. The results show that the Moho depth and the average VP / vs ratio of the crust in the study area mainly vary in the range of 25-38km and 1.65-1.95, respectively, and the crustal structure is roughly divided into three parts from south to north along the Cretaceous tiefuling fault and Triassic Lu'an fault and their eastward extension. The uploaded data provide valuable data and information for others to further study the structural characteristics of the Tan Lu fault zone and its adjacent areas.
Supported by the national key R & D Program "deep processes and resource effects of Yanshanian major geological events" project "comprehensive geophysical exploration and deep processes of key corridors", we completed two OBS wide-angle seismic profiles in the East China Sea shelf area in 2017 and 2019. Based on the obtained OBS Data, the deep crustal structure of the East China Sea shelf is obtained by using the forward and inversion methods of tomography. The velocity structure reveals that the crustal thickness decreases from 30km in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt to 15km in continental shelf basin, and the corresponding crustal velocity changes from 4.40-7.15km/s to 4.30-6.90km/s. Based on the previous studies, we find that there are high magnetic anomalies in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt. We think that the crustal structure of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt is quite different from that of continental shelf basin. The East China Sea may not be the extension of South China continental margin; There is a high velocity anomaly with a width of about 50km and a velocity of 7.15km/s at the junction of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt and continental shelf basin. We speculate that the anomaly is a Mesozoic suture zone, and the high velocity anomaly is related to the magmatic activity caused by plate tearing when the paleo Pacific plate subducted and retreated.
DING Weiwei, WEI Xiaodong
The data include the location information of 23 seismic stations in Linfen Rift Valley and its surrounding areas and the teleseismic receiver function waveforms. By selecting the 30-90 degree epicentral distance and more than 5.5 earthquake events recorded by 23 high-frequency mobile seismic stations deployed by Institute of Surveying and Geophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences in November 2017 with observation duration of one month, the radial convergence function is extracted by using the time domain iterative deconvolution method of CPS program. The results show that there are low velocity bodies of different scales in the middle and lower crust of Linfen rift area, and the depth of seismogenic layer increases from ~ 25km to ~ 34km from south to north, which roughly corresponds to the bottom interface of low velocity bodies in the crust; Most of the relocation earthquakes are located in the transition zone between high and low velocity bodies, one of which has a focal depth of 32km. The m7.75 Linfen earthquake is located in the high velocity body, and the M8.0 Hongdong earthquake is located at the bottom of the high velocity body. The uploaded data provide valuable data and information for others to further study the structural characteristics of Linfen Rift Valley and its adjacent areas.
WEI Zigen
The data set is the three-dimensional S-wave velocity and azimuthal anisotropic model in Sanjiang region obtained by applying ambient noise tomography. First, the seismic waveform data is applied from National Earthquake Data Center and collected from deployed seismic stations. Using the collected seismic waveform data, we intercept waveform per each day and remove the mean and trend and filter the waveform. We invert the three-dimensional S-wave velocity and azimuthal anisotropic model in Sanjiang region by applying the ambient noise tomography. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the large earthquakes preparation, tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
GAO Yuan
The data include the location information of 255 seismic stations in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, North China Craton and South China block junction area, teleseismic receiver function waveform, HK result and crustal S-wave velocity inversion using receiver function (Gauss coefficient is 2.0) and surface wave. Based on the data of 30-90 degree epicentral distance and more than 5.5 earthquake events recorded by 146 fixed stations set up by China Seismological Bureau for 2 years and 109 mobile stations set up by Institute of Geology and Geophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences for 12-18 months, the time domain iterative deconvolution method of CPS program is used to extract the radial convergence function. The results show that: the crust structure of the typical craton is still preserved in the core area of Ordos and Sichuan Basin, and the low velocity layer of the central crust of the East-West collision subduction of the North China Craton in the south of Ordos is not preserved. The lower crust of Sichuan basin may have been embedded into the crust of Qinghai Tibet Plateau along the Longmen Mountain; The West Qinling and the boundary area of Qinling Dabie orogenic belt have thick crust, low wave velocity ratio and high S-wave velocity structure. The uploaded data provide valuable data and information for others to further study the structural characteristics of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its adjacent areas.
This data set is the information of a linear seismic array in Daliangshan area in Western Sichuan. The observation time is from december2018 to October 2020. The array is near the NE-SW trend. This array reaches the Sichuan basin to Yibin area to the east, and reaches the Yanyuan basin in Daliangshan area to the west. Each station uses Trillium posthole/horizon 120 broadband seismometer and Centaur data collector. A total of 40 seismic stations are deployed, with an average station spacing of only 10km. This array is used to collect and record high-quality seismic waveforms. Instrument maintenance and data acquisition are carried out every three months.
AI Yinshuang
The data set is the upper crustal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region obtained by applying S-wave splitting method. First, the seismic waveform data is applied from National Earthquake Data Center and collected from deployed seismic stations. Using the collected seismic waveform data, we intercept waveform as seismic events and remove the mean and trend and filter the waveform. We invert the upper crustal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region by applying the S-wave splitting method. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the large earthquakes preparation, tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
GAO Yuan
The data set is the crustal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region obtained by applying Pms receiver functions method. First, the seismic waveform data is applied from National Earthquake Data Center and collected from deployed seismic stations. Using the collected seismic waveform data, we intercept waveform as seismic events and remove the mean and trend and filter the waveform. We invert the crustal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region by applying the Pms receiver functions method. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the large earthquakes preparation, tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
GAO Yuan
The data set is the three-dimensional crustal velocity model in Sichuan-Yunnan region obtained by applying the full-waveform adjoint tomography. First, the seismic waveform data is applied from National Earthquake Data Center. Using the collected seismic waveform data, we intercept the seismic phase data with high signal-to-noise ratio according to the seismic events, and extract the amplitude information after removing the mean and trend and filtering. Finally, the amplitude data are used to obtain the three-dimensional crustal velocity model in Sichuan-Yunnan region by applying the waveform adjoint tomography. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the preparation of large earthquakes and tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
YANG Dinghui
The data set is the three-dimensional S-wave velocity and azimuthal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region obtained by applying ambient noise tomography. First, the seismic waveform data is applied from National Earthquake Data Center and collected from deployed seismic stations. Using the collected seismic waveform data, we intercept waveform per each day and remove the mean and trend and filter the waveform. We invert the three-dimensional S-wave velocity and azimuthal anisotropic model in Sichuan-Yunnan region by applying the ambient noise tomography. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the large earthquakes preparation, tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
GAO Yuan
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