The Late Paleozoic carbonate strata are well developed from Lewuqi County to Jiangda County in the Changdu area, eastern Xizang. The previous biostratigraphic studies based on macro-fossils (e.g. brachiopod and coral) are not sufficient for high resolution correlation. The seemingly continuous strata at Tuoba and Wuqingna have been divided as Zhuogedong Formation (or Qiangge Formation) of Late Devonian and Wuqingna Formation of Early Carboniferous mainly by lithology. We made detailed sampling for conodont, sedimentary and geochemical research at the outcrops between Tuoba and Wuqingna near Nuoma Village which according to the unpublished data belong to the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary interval. This study is significant for high resolution correlation of Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous in this region and the global stratotype study. The dataset only includes the stratigraphic column and photo of the section. The bio-chronological information will be added in the future.
WANG Qiulai
The single mineral EPMA data set of magmatic rocks in the Himalayan orogenic belt is mainly based on the main data of single minerals in Jilong area, and the test points of single minerals are more than 200. The rock is light colored granite. The single minerals tested are mainly feldspar, garnet, muscovite and biotite. The single mineral electron probe uses cameca sxvivefe electron microprobe, etc. The data has not been published, and the data results are true and reliable. The testing units are mainly the Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and the Institute of mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data set can be used to study the petrogenesis of leucogranite melts in the Himalayan orogenic belt.
ZENG Lingsen , GAO Lie , YAN Lilong
Zircon U-Pb dating data set of Leucogranites in wengbo area of Himalayan orogenic belt is mainly zircon dating in wengbo area, and there are 28 zircon dating samples. The rocks are mainly leucogranite and pegmatite. The zircon dating method is LA-ICPMS. The data comes from the receiving phase. The articles published by the data are SCI or Ni journals, including geology, BSA bulletin and Journal of petroleum. The data results are true and reliable. The testing units are mainly Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, national testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and Institute of mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data set can be used to study the formation age of Cenozoic magmatism in the Himalayan orogenic belt.
ZENG Lingsen , GAO Lie , YAN Lilong
In March of 2019, scientists from Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS and Comsats University Islambad in Pakistan have a joint research in the stratigraphy in the Salt Range of Pakistan. The research goal is to reveal the Late Permian strata and faunas in the northern Tethys Himalaya region and their relationships with that of Southern Tibet. The investigated sections were done by rulers in the fieldwork and the foraminifer samples were sampled in high resolution. Totally, two sections were measured in the Zaluch Nala region, respectively Zluch Nala A and B sections. The foraminifers were cut and made into thin sections in the laboratory. All the foraminifers were identified in the microscope and form this dataset. The dataset contains the identification lists of fusulines and smaller foraminifers from the Zaluch A and B sections in Salt Range of Pakistan. The Permian strata in this region is well outcropped. It contains Amb, Wargal and Chhidru formations in ascending orders in the Zaluch Nala valley. The Amb Formation is dominated by calcareous limestone with only one fusuline Monodiexodina kattaensis. Its age is Middle Permian based on the fusuline. The Wargal Formation is dominated by middle and thin bedded limestone in the lower and nodular limestone in the upper. The Chhidru Formation is dominated by limestone and sandstone beds. The fusulines in the Wargal and Chhidru formations consists of Codonofusiella, Nankinella, Nanlingella and Reichelina with low diversity. The smaller foraminifers are dominated by Colaniella, Climacammina and Multidiscus. Those fusulines indicates a Late Permian age for the middle and upper part of the Wargal Formation and Chhidru Formation. The Salt Range region was located at northern margin of Gondwana during the Late Permian. So, in paleobiogeography, the diversity of foraminifers in the Middle and Late Permian strata in the Salt Range is lower that those in the Lhasa Block and exotic limestone blocks within the Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone in Tibet. But it is apparently greater that those in the Selong and Qubu regions in southern Tibet because the latter two regions is dominated purely by cold-water faunas without fusulines.
ZHANG Yichun
In March of 2019, scientists from Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS and Comsats University Islambad in Pakistan have a joint research in the stratigraphy in the Salt Range of Pakistan. The research goal is to reveal the Late Permian strata and faunas in the northern Tethys Himalaya region and their relationships with that of Southern Tibet. The investigated sections were done by rulers in the fieldwork and the foraminifer samples were sampled in high resolution. Totally, two sections were measured in the Zaluch Nala region, respectively Zluch Nala A and B sections. Both sections are located at the northeast of Mianwali city in Salt Range, Pakistan. This section contains the strata of the Amb, Wargal and Chhidru formations. In the Zaluch Nala A section, the strata are composed of the upper part of the Wargal Formation (Kalabagh member) and the Chhidru Formation. The Zaluch Nala B section is structurally below the A section. The topmost part of the Zaluch Nala B section may probably correlate with the basal part of the Zaluch Nala A section. The Zaluch Nala B section is composed of lower part of the Wargal Formation and the Amb Formation. The Amb Formation is dominated by calcareous limestone. The only fusuline species Monodiexodina kattaensis indicates a Middle Permian age for this formation. The lower part of the Wargal Formation is dominated by middle and thin bedded limestone. The species of Pseudocolaniella occurs in the lower part of the Wargal Formation indicates a Late Permian age. The upper part of the Wargal Formation (in the A section) is dominated by nodular limestone, namely the Kalabagh member. The overlying Chhidru Formation is dominated by limestone and sandstone beds. The foraminifers from these formations consist of Reichelina, Codonofusiella and Reichelina. They suggest also a Late Permian age.
ZHANG Yichun
Qiangtang Basin is located between the Hoh Xil-Jinsha River tectonic belt and the Bangong-Nu River tectonic belt, is an important petroleum-bearing basin in the Qinghai-Tibet region of China. The basin has multiple sets of source rocks developed in the Mesozoic. The Triassic strata are widely distributed in the basin. Among them, the Upper Triassic has a large thickness and is considered as an important source rock, however, there is still a lack of understanding of its distribution, hydrocarbon generation potential, and major controlling factors. In this paper, the Upper Triassic source rocks in the Qiangtang Basin were studied, and the key samples were taken in the Quemo Co area of the Northern Qiangtang Basin, which was less studied previously. The source rocks were evaluated based on the geochemical characteristics of the samples, and the provenance input and depositional environment of the source rocks were analyzed according to the characteristics of their biomarkers. Combining the results of previous studies on the source rocks of the Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Qiangtang Basin, the distribution characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential, and the controlling factors of the source rocks of the Upper Triassic in the Qiangtang Basin were studied. The analysis results of the samples of the Upper Triassic Bolila Formation and the Bagong Formation source rocks collected in the Quemo Co area of the Northern Qiangtang Basin indicate that the TOC range of the Bolila Formation limestone is 0.03%~0.53% with an average of 0.20%, and the TOC range of the Bagong Formation mudstone is 0.57%~1.78% with an average of 1.04%. Both have reached the effective source rock grade, The source rocks of the Bolila formation reaches the level of medium source rock grade, and the organic matter abundance of the source rocks of the Bagong Formation is higher than that of the Bolila Formation and reach the medium-good source rock grade. The organic matter types of the source rocks are type II 1 , and the Tmax of the organic matter are all higher than 455°C, R O of all samples are 1.3% to 2.0%, the organic matter maturity achieve high mature stage. The organic matter of the source rocks is both the marine aquatic organism and the terrestrial plant, which is a mixed source. The source rocks sedimentary environment should be a reducing environment. The salinity of water body may be the salt water environment. Combining with previous research results, the authors evaluated the source rocks of the Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Qiangtang Basin. The organic matter abundance of the argillaceous source rocks can basically reach the medium-good source rock level, carbonate source rocks organic matter abundance basically reach the poor source rock level. The types of the organic matter in carbonate source rocks are mainly Type II 1 and individually Type I. The organic matter types of the argillaceous source rocks are Type II 2 and Type III, and a small amount of the Type II 1 source rocks. The maturity of the source rocks is generally high-mature and over-mature stage, with only a few areas showing mature stage. The argillaceous source rocks are distributed in the Tumen-Sewa area, Zaxiahe-Ganggairi and Woruo Moutain-Geladandong area in the North and South Qiangtang Depression. Carbonate source rocks are mainly distributed in the South Qiangtang Depression. Affected by the regional tectonic movements, the main source rock beds in the Qiangtang Basin have undergone two oil and gas generation processes during the burial process. The Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation entered the hydrocarbon generation threshold in in the late Lower Jurassic to early Middle Jurassic and entered the first oil generation period. The basin experienced the last period of intense deformation and shrinkage in the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene and entered the second hydrocarbon generation period.
HAN Zhongpeng
The Yarlung Zangbo suture zone and its neighbouring areas are key to the research of the evolution of Neo-Tethys. The sedimentary sequence as evidence of the evolution of Neo-Tethys remains unclear in many areas, particularly in the western and northern Xizang. The limits in stratigraphy and sedimentology have greatly restricted the investigation of the evolution of Neo-Tethys as well as the collision between Indian-Eurasian plates. This exploration team conducted a joint investigation on the Mesozoic strata in this area, with emphasis on their stratigraphy, palaeontology, and sedimentology, to retrieve potential stratigraphic and sedimentary evidence of the opening, evolution, and retreat of the Neo-Tethys. This dataset records the work of the expedition team in Xigaze, Ngari and Nagqu of Xizang. It consists of four parts, each part includes diaries and photos of the strata, geological structure, profiles, and fossils that have been collected by a special expedition group. The explored strata encompass the Cretaceous and Paleogene and the radiolarite strata in the above mentioned areas.
LI Jianguo, LUO Hui, HUANG Diying, LI Xin
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