The dataset of LST (land surface temperature) observed by the thermal camera (ThermaCAM SC2000 and ThermaCAM S60) at 24°×18° was obtained in the Yingke oasis, Huazhaizi desert steppe and Linze grassland foci experimental areas on May 20, 24,28 and 30, Jun. 1, 4, 16 and 29, Jul. 7, 8 and 11, 2008. Meanwhile, the optical photos were acquired in Yingke oasis maize field, Huazhaizi desert No. 1 and 2 plots, Huazhaizi desert maize field and Linze grassland. The dataset of ground truth measurement was synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner), OMIS-II, Landsat TM and ASTER.
HE Tao, KANG Guoting, REN Huazhong, YAN Guangkuo, WANG Haoxing, WANG Tianxing, LI Hua, Liu Qiang, XIA Chuanfu, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, CHEN Shaohui, YANG Tianfu
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with ASTER was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on May 28, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (2) Photosynthesis by LI-6400. Raw data were archived in the user-defined format (by notepat.exe) and processed data were in Excel format. (3) Reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD FieldSpec (350-2500nm, the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS), and in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by ASD FieldSpec (350-1603nm, the vertical observation and the transect observation for reaumuria soongorica and the bare land) from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The grey board and the black and white cloth were also used for calibration spectrum. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (4) Coverage fraction of maize and wheat by the self-made instrument and the camera (2.5m-3.5m above the ground) in Yingke oasis maize field. Based on the length of the measuring tape and the bamboo pole, the size of the photo can be decided. GPS date were also collected and the technology LAB was applied to retrieve the coverage of the green vegetation. Besides, such related information as the surrounding environment was also recorded. Data included the primarily measured image and final fraction of vegetation coverage. (5) the radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land in Yingke oasis maize field by ThermaCAM SC2000 using ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°),. The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived in Excel format). (6) the radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95), 3 for maize canopy, the bare land and wheat canopy in Yingke oasis maize field, one for maize canopy in Huazhaizi desert maize field, and 2 for vegetation and the desert bare land in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot,at nadir at a time interval of one second. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format. (7) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (8) LAI in Yingke oasis maize field. The maximum leaf length and width of each maize and wheat were measured. Data were archived in Excel format. (9) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) of maize and wheat by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in the table format of Word. (10) The radiative temperature in Yingke oasis maize field (the transect observation), Yingke oasis wheat field (the transect observation), Huazhaizi desert maize field (the transect observation) and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the diagonal observation) by the handheld infrared thermometer (BNU and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications). Raw data (in Word format), blackbody calibrated data and processed data (in Excel format) were all archived.
CHAI Yuan, CHEN Ling, KANG Guoting, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, WANG Haoxing, WANG Jianhua, SHU Lele, LI Li, LIU Sihan, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, TAO Xin, WANG Dacheng, LI Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhanhui, YANG Tianfu, HUANG Bo, LI Shihua, LUO Zhen
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jun. 22, 2008. Observation items included: (1) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502, the coverage by manual work and the biomass (samples from 0.5m×0.5m) by wet weight and dry weight. Data were archived as Excel files. (2) LAI of maize, desert scrub and the poplar by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (as Excel files). For more details, see Readme file. (3) ground object spectrum of grassland, barley and the rape by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, with 20% reference board. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance were in .txt. (4) BRDF of grassland, barley and the rape by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), which were recorded daily in detail. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived in .txt files. The dataset includes processed spectrum data, soil moisture, BRDF, quadrates investigation, integrating spheres data on the rape, LAI, CHRIS data and the fisheye camera data.
DING Songchuang, HAO Xiaohua, YU Yingjie
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 1 and 2 quadrates of the Biandukou foci experimental area on Oct. 18, 2007, during the pre-observation period. The ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:17 BJT. Both the quadrates were divided into 3×3 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. 25 sampling points were chosen, including centers and corners. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected: the soil temperature , volumetric soil moisture (cm^3/cm^3), soil salinity (s/m), soil conductivity (s/m) by the Hydra probe, the surface radiative temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, gravimetric soil moisture, volumetric soil moisture, and soil bulk density by drying soil samples from the cutting ring (100cm^3). Meanwhile, vegetation parameters as height, coverage and water content were also observed. Those provide reliable ground data for the development and validation of soil moisture, soil freeze/thaw algorithms and the forward model from active remote sensing approaches.
BAI Yunjie, CAO Yongpan, WANG Jian, Wang Weizhen, WANG Xufeng, JIN Rui, Qu Yonghua, ZHOU Hongmin
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Landsat TM was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from 11:10-13:30 on Mar. 17, 2008. Those provide reliable ground data for objects modelling and background modelling, remote sensing image simulation and scaling. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, spectrum (ASD Fieldspec FRTM (Boulder, Co, USA), 350nm-2500nm, 3nm for the visible near-infrared band and 10nm for the shortwave infrared band), the surface temperature, atmospheric parameters, the soil profile gravimetric moisture (0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm), the shallow layer frost depth and the soil roughness in C1, G1, W1, W2, B1 and B2, mostly the grassland, the wheat stubble land, the deep plowed land and the rape stubble land. The quadrates of 90m×90m and 450m×450m were compartmentalized into 81 subgrids of 10m×10m and 50m×50m. Based on the resolution of 30m×30m and 150m×150m, the influence of adjacent eight pixels on the center pixel was studied. Section lines of each subgrid were adopted to acquire the pixel spectrum, which were measured more than once for the mean value. The spectrum data were archived in the ASCII format, with the first five rows as the file header and the following two columns as wavelength (nm) and reflectance (percentage) respectively. The .txt file was not reflectance but intermediate file for further calculation. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro). The surface radiative temperature and the physical temperature were measured by the handheld infrared thermometer. Besides, the cover type was also recorded. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office. Atmospheric parameters were measured by CE318 to retrieve the total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, and various parameters at 550nm to obtain horizontal visibility with the help of MODTRAN or 6S. Those provide reliable data for atmosphere correction of the same period in this area. The gravimetric soil moisture (samples from 0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm) was measured by the microwave drying method. The frost depth by the chopstick and the ruler. The soil was considered frozen when it was hard and with ice crystal. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office. Nine data files were included, TM data, CE318 data, B1, B2, C1, G1, W1 and W2.
CHANG Sheng, CHANG Yan, Fang Qian, QU Ying, LIANG Xingtao, LIU Zhigang, PAN Jinmei, PENG Danqing, REN Huazhong, ZHANG Yongpan, ZHANG Zhiyu, ZHAO Shaojie, Zhao Tianjie, ZHENG Yue, Zhou Ji, LIU Chenzhou, YIN Xiaojun, ZHANG Zhiyu
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in the saline plot B, the alfalfa plot D and the barley plot E of the Linze grassland foci experimental area on May 24, 2008. The data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:34 BJT. The quadrate was divided into 6×6 subsites, with each one spanning a 120×120 m2 plot. Corner points were chosen. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3), the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and the land surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer in plot B; soil moisture, soil conductivity, the soil temperature, and the real part of soil complex permittivity by WET, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and the land surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer in plot D; the soil temperature, soil moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and the land surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer in plot E. Data were archived in Excel file. Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval and validation of soil moisture and alinity content with active microwave remote sensing approaches. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area for more information.
CHAO Zhenhua, HU Xiaoli, LIANG Ji, Wang Weizhen, LIU Zhaoyan, TANG Bohui, HAN Hui, WANG Xiaoping
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in No. 2 and 3 quadrates of the A'rou foci experimental area on Jun. 23, 2008. Observation items included: (1) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, plant species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, phenology by manual work, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502. Data were archived in Excel format. (2) roughness by the self-made roughness board and the camera. The processed data were archived as .txt files. (3) BRDF by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board and the observation platform made by Beijing Normal University. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived as .txt files. (4) LAI of stellera and pasture by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (in Excel). For more details, see Readme file. Five files were included, spectrum in No.2 quadrate, multiangle observations in No.2 and 3 quadrates, roughness photos in No.2 and 3 quadrates, the fisheye camera observations, and the No.2 and 3 quadrates investigation.
CAO Yongpan, DING Songchuang, HAO Xiaohua, DONG Jian, Qu Yonghua, YU Yingjie
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 1 and 2 quadrates of the E'bao foci experimental area on Oct. 18, 2007 during the pre-observation period. The data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:17 BJT (Beijing Time). Both the quadrates were divided into 3×3 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. 25 sampling points were chosen, including centers and corners. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, soil volumetric moisture, soil conductivity, the soil temperature, and the real part of soil complex permittivity by the WET soil moisture tachometer; the surface radiative temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer; soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density by drying soil samples from the cutting ring (100cm^3). Meanwhile, vegetation parameters as height, coverage and water content were also observed. Surface roughness was detailed in the "WATER: Surface roughness dataset in the A'rou foci experimental area". Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval and verification of soil moisture, soil freeze/thaw status and the microwave radiative transfer model from active remote sensing approaches.
CHAO Zhenhua, CHE Tao, QIN Chun, WU Yueru
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with EO-1 Hyperion was obtained in the Yingke oasis foci experimental area from Sep. 5 to Sep. 10, 2007 during the pre-observation period. It was carried out by the 3rd and 2nd sub-projects of CAS’s West Action Plan along Zhangye city-Yingke oasis-Huazhaizi, and on the very day of 10, one scene of Hyperion was captured. sampling plot time north latitude east longitude elevation notes 1 9:58 38°53′53.2″ 100°26′09.7″ 1500 cauliflower land east to the road 2 10:51 38°52′39.8″ 100°25′33.1″ 1510 cabbage land east to the road 3 11:35 38°52′39.0″ 100°25′34.6″ 1510 east to No. 2 sampling plot, maize and intercropping wheat reaped 4 12:24 38°51′53.0″ 100°25′08.0″ 1510 maize seed 5 13:08 38°51′54.2″ 100°25′09.5″ 1520 north to No. 4 sampling plot, maize and intercropping wheat reaped 6 14:40 38°51′23.5″ 100°24′45.0″ 1510 west to the road, maize seed, serious blights (red spider) 7 15:40 38°49′26.6″ 100°23′23.7″ 1540 intercrop land of sea buckthorn and beet 8 16:18 38°49′06.9″ 100°23′30.5″ 1540 tomato land, rich of amaranth weeds 9 16:18 38°49′06.4″ 100°23′30.8″ 1540 beet land 10 16:18 38°49′06.9″ 100°23′30.5″ 1540 tomato land with less weeds 11 10:30 38°48′28.3″ 100°24′11.4″ 1540 sea buckthorn seedling land west to the road 12 11:24 38°48′09.3″ 100°24′10.1″ 1550 sun flower land east to the road, intercropping wheat reaped 13 12:38 38°46′16.3″ 100°23′14.2″ 1600 dry rice land 14 12:45 38°46′16.2″ 100°23′14.0″ 1600 rape land 15 12:54 38°46′15.6″ 100°23′13.8″ 1600 buckwheat land 16 14:52 38°45′55.5″ 100°23′00.1″ 1610 maize (without intercrop) 17 15:28 38°45′57.5″ 100°22′28.3″ 1630 maize (without intercrop) 18 16:20 38°43′17.3″ 100°22′53.4″ 1730 gobi (Bassia dasyphylla and margarite dominate) 19 17:40 38°42′31.8″ 100°22′56.8″ 1780 gobi (Bassia dasyphylla and Sympegma regelii dominate) 20 10:27 38°36′25.1″ 100°20′33.2″ 2260 wheatgrass dominates 21 11:10 38°36′24.4″ 100°20′38.1″ 2260 abandoned composite land 22 11:30 2260 near site 22, wheatgrass and composite cenosis 23 bare land 24 13:09 38°38′46.3″ 100°23′08.5″ 2030 alfalfa land 25 14:39 38°44′30.8″ 100°22′41.0″ 1660 poplar 26 9:47 38°58′11.4″ 100°26′18.3″ 1460 rice land Observation items included: (1) quadrat surveys (2) LAI by LAI-2000 (3) ground object reflectance spectra by ASD FieldSpec Pro (350-2500nm)from Gansu Meteorological Administration (4) the land surface temperature and the canopy radiative temperature by the hand-held thermal infrared sensor (5) the photosynthesis rate by LI-6400 (6) the radiative temperature by ThermaCAM SC2000 (7) Atmospheric parameters by CE318 to retrieve the total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, and various parameters at 550nm to obtain horizontal visibility with the help of MODTRAN or 6S codes (8) chlorophyll consistency by portable SPAD Those provide reliable ground data for developing and validating retrieval meathods of biophysical parameters from EO-1 Hyperion images.
MA Mingguo, LI Xin, SU Peixi, DING Songchuang, GAO Song, YAN Qiaodi, ZHANG Lingmei, WANG Xufeng, Qian Jinbo, BAI Yunjie, HAO Xiaohua, Liu Qiang, Wen Jianguang, XIN Xiaozhou, WANG Xiaoping, HAN Hui
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained along the sample lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 8, 2008. 25 points at intervals of 100m were selected along each line. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density by the cutting ring, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the canopy and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
GE Chunmei, GE Yingchun, HU Xiaoli, HUANG Chunlin, LI Hongxing, WANG Yang, WANG Xufeng, WU Lizong, WU Yueru, ZHU Shijie, YU Fan, LI Xiaoyu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jul. 4, 2008. Observation items included: (1) the soil temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer from L1 to L8 (1km from one another) in Biandukou and soil moisture by ML2X; nine samples were collected every 200 m along each line (1.6km). (2) 5 quadrates (50cm×50cm) investigations including GPS, the vegetation cover types and the height, the actual numbering, the valve bag numbering, wet weight+the refuse bag (g), dry weight+the envelope (g), the envelope (g) and the photo numbering. The data were archived as Excel files.
CAO Yongpan, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, MA Mingguo, RAN Youhua, WANG Yang
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 1, 2 and 3 quadrates of the A'rou foci experimental area on Jul. 5 and Jul. 6, 2008. The Envisat ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:14 BJT. The quadrates were divided into 4×4 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. Observation items included: (1) the quadrate investigation in No. 2 and 3 quadrates: GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, plant species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, phenology by manual work, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502. (2) spectrum of stellera and pasture by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. The preprocessed canopy spectrum was archived. (3) BRDF by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived as .txt files. (4) photosynthesis of stellera and pasture by LI-6400. The data were archived in Excel format. (5) soil moisture by WET soil moisture tachometer. Acquisition time, soil moisture (%vol), Ecp (ms/m), Tmp Eb and Ecb (ms/m) of 25 corner points were archived. (6) the soil temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer. Acquisition time, the soil temperature measured three times and the land cover types were archived. The data included the canopy reflectance on Jul. 5 and 6, photosynthesis on Jul. 5 and 6, BRDF on Jul. 5, photos on Jul. 5, the infrared land surface temperature and soil moisture by WET on Jul. 5, biomass on Jul. 5 and the surface temperature along No. 3 flight on Jul. 6.
DING Songchuang, GE Yingchun, LI Hongyi, MA Mingguo, Qian Jinbo, WANG Yang, YU Yingjie, LIU Sihan
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in 21 quadrates of the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jul. 18, 2008. Observation items included: (1) GPS by GARMIN GPS 76; (2) species by manual cognition; (3) the plant number by manual work, (4) the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, (5) the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502; (6) the coverage by manual work; (7) photo taking by Nikon D80 with a lens of Sigma 8mm F3.5 EX DG CIRCULAR FISHEYE, shooting straight downwards at the height of 1.5m; original photos were in JPG format and the processed data in Excel format. (8) the biomass (samples over 0.5m×0.5m) by wet weight and dry weight; as Excel files.
CAO Yongpan, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, MA Mingguo, RAN Youhua, WANG Yang
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with Envisat ASAR and MODIS was obtained in the arid region hydrological experimental area on May 24, 2008. The Envisat ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:34 BJT. Observation items included: (1) The radiative temperature of Reaumuria soongorica and the bare soil in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (HZZHMYD2)was collected using ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°), along the diagonal (NW-SE). The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived as Excel files). (2) The radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95), were measured at nadir with time intervals of one second. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived as Excel files. (3) The radiative temperature in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by the handheld infrared thermometer (which belongs to BNU) along the diagonal (NW-SE). Raw data (.doc), blackbody calibrated data and processed data (in Excel format) were all archived. (4) Soil moisture (0-40cm) by the cutting ring and the soil temperature by the thermocouple thermometer in Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi foci experimental area. Besides, (a) roughness of No. 1 and 2 Huazhizi desert plots was also measured by self-made instruments . Sample points were selected every 30m along the diagonal of each plot. (b) soil profile moisture (0-100cm) and the temperature in the maize field of Yingke oasis. (c) soil profile moisture (0-100cm) and the temperature in one orchard of Yingke Oasis. Data were all archived as Excel files. (5) the photosynthetic rate of alfalfa and barley at Linze grass station by LI-6400. Raw data were archived in the user-defined format (by notepat.exe) and processed data were as Excel files. (6) ground object reflectance spectra of new-born rape and the bare land in Biandukou foci experimental area by ASD FieldSpec (350～2500 nm) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS). Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (7) LAI by the measuring tape and the ruler in the alfalfa field of Linze grass station. The maximum length and width of alfalfa leaves and barley were measured. Data were archived as Excel files. (8) surface roughness in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot with the self-made roughness board (Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS), the digital camera and the compass. Sample points were selected at equal intervals along the diagonals and marked in the photos.
CHEN Ling, KANG Guoting, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, WANG Haoxing, WANG Jindi, YAN Guangkuo, GE Yingchun, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, XU Zhen, GUANG Jie, LI Li, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, TAO Xin, YAN Binyan, YAO Yanjuan, CHENG Zhanhui, YANG Tianfu
The dataset of BRDF observations was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area from May 25 to Jul. 11, 2008. Spectrum of the maize field quadrate and desert scrub quadrate in Wulidun farmland (May 25, 28, 30, Jun. 29 and Jul. 11), the desert transit zone strip (May 28 and 30) and Linze station quadrates (Jun. 25, 30 and Jul. 9) was measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter), two observation platforms of BNU make and one of Institute of Remote Sensing Applications make. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity were archived as text files (.txt). See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
LI Jing, Li Xiangyun, Qu Yonghua, SUN Qingsong, XIAO Zhiqiang, YU Yingjie, LIU Sihan, BAI Yanfen, WANG Yang, CHEN Shaohui, JIANG Hao, LI Shihua
The dataset of ground-based microwave scatterometer and snow parameter observations was obtained in the Binggou watershed experimental area on Mar. 16, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Snow backscattering coefficient by the scatterometer (2) Snow parameters as the snow surface temperature by the probe thermometer, snow grain size by the handheld microscope, snow density by the snow shovel, the snow surface temperature and the snow-soil interface temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer in BG-I. (3) The snow spectrum by the portable ASD (Xinjiang Meteorological Administration) at the Dadongshu mountain pass; the major and minor axis and shape of the snow layer grain through the snow sieve. (4) Snow albedo by the total radiometer from 10:29 to 15:00 (5) Snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the Snowfork at the Dadongshu mountain pass Two subfolders including raw data and preprocessed data were archived.
LIU Zengcan, LIU Zengcan, QIN Wei, SHU Lele, WANG Xufeng, XU Zhen, ZHU Shijie, MA Mingguo, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, ZHANG Pu, JIANG Tenglong
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 2 and 3 quadrates of the A'rou foci experimental area on Mar. 14, 2008. The Envisat ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 23:21 BJT. The quadrates were divided into 4×4 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. Only the corner points of each subsite were chosen for observations. Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval and verification of soil moisture from active remote sensing approaches. In No. 2 quadrate, simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). In No. 3 quadrate, simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity by the POGO soil sensor, soil volumetric moisture by ML2X, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). Surface roughness was detailed in the "WATER: Surface roughness dataset in the A'rou foci experimental area".
CAO Yongpan, GU Juan, LI Xin, LI Zhe, MA Mingguo, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, WANG Xufeng, WU Yueru, ZHU Shijie, CHANG Cun
The dataset of object spectral was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area from May 25 to Jul. 11, 2008. The measurement instrument is ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU and the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter). The selected typical objects included maize field, soil, soil with known moisture and desert scrub. The measured quadrates included Wulidun farmland quadrates (May 28 and 30, Jun. 16 and 29 and Jul. 11), the desert transit zone strips (May 28 and 30 and Jun. 16) and Linze station quadrates (May 23 and Jul. 9) Besides, soil samples were collected inside Linze station quadrates on Jun. 24 and 30, 2008. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity were archived as text files (.txt). See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
LI Jing, Li Xiangyun, Qu Yonghua, SUN Qingsong, XIAO Zhiqiang, YU Yingjie, LIU Sihan, BAI Yanfen, WANG Yang, CHEN Shaohui, JIANG Hao, LI Shihua
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow synchronizing with MODIS was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 14, 2008. Those provide reliable data for snow-cover extent mapping and the retrieval of the snow surface temperature from MODIS remote sensing approaches. Observation items included: (1) Snow parameters including the snow surface temperature, the snow-soil interface temperature, the land surface (ground surface) temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, the snow layer temperature by the probe thermometer, snow depth by the ruler, snow density by the snow shovel, the snow grain size by the handheld microscope and the snow surface temperature synchronizing with MODIS. (2) Snow albedo by the total radiometer in BG-A from 11:10-13:24 on Mar. 14, 2008. (3) The snow spectrum by the portable ASD (Xinjiang Meteorological Administration) synchronizing with MODIS in BG-A and BG-I. Two files including raw data and the preprocessed data were archived.
BAI Yanfen, BAI Yunjie, GE Chunmei, GU Juan, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LIANG Ji, SHU Lele, WANG Xufeng, XU Zhen, MA Mingguo, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with Landsat TM was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on May 20, 2008. Observation items included: (1) LAI in Yingke oasis maize field. The maximum leaf length and width of each alfalfa and barley were measured. Data were archived in Excel format. (2) Reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD FieldSpec (350-2500nm, the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS), and in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by ASD FieldSpec (350-1603nm, the vertical observation and the transect observation for reaumuria soongorica and the bare land) from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The grey board and the black and white cloth were also used for calibration spectrum. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (3) the radiative temperature by 3 handheld radiometers in Yingke oasis maize field (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, BNU and Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources respectively, the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation), and by 3 handheld infrared thermometers in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the vertical vegetation and bare land observation). The data included raw data (in Word format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (4) the radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land of Yingke oasis maize field by ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°). The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived in Excel format). (5) Photosynthesis of maize, wheat and the bare land of Yingke oasis maize field by LI6400, carried out according to WATER specifications. Raw data were archived in the user-defined format (by notepat.exe) and processed data were in Excel format. (6) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (7) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (8) Coverage fraction of Reaumuria soongorica by the self-made coverage instrument and the camera (2.5m-3.5m above the ground) in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot. Based on the length of the measuring tape and the bamboo pole, the size of the photo can be decided. GPS data was used for the location and the technology LAB was used to retieve the coverage fractionof the green vegetation. Besides, such related information as the surrounding environment was also recorded. Data included the vegetation iamge and coverage (by .exe). (9) The radiative temperature of Reaumuria soongorica canopy and the bare land by 2 fixed automatic thermometers (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95) in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot, observing straight downwards at intervals of 1s. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format.
CHAI Yuan, CHEN Ling, KANG Guoting, LI Jing, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, WANG Haoxing, WANG Jindi, XIAO Zhiqiang, YAN Guangkuo, SHU Lele, GUANG Jie, LI Li, Liu Qiang, LIU Sihan, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Hao, ZHOU Chunyan, TAO Xin, YAN Binyan, YAO Yanjuan, TIAN Jing, LI Xiaoyu
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