This dataset provides the monitoring data of runoff, precipitation and temperature of the Duodigou Runoff Experimental Station located in the northern suburbs of Lhasa city. Among the dataset, there are two runoff monitoring stations, which provide discharge data from June to December 2019, with a data step of 10 minutes. There are five precipitation monitoring stations, which provide precipitation data from 2018 to 2021, with a data step of 1 day. There are eight air temperature monitoring stations, which provide air temperature data from 2018 to 2021 in 30 minute steps. The discharge, the precipitation and the temperature data are the measured values. The dataset can provide data support for the study of hydrological and meteorological processes in the Tibet Plateau.
LIU Jintao
The near surface atmospheric forcing and surface state dataset of the Tibetan Plateau was yielded by WRF model, time range: 2000-2010, space range: 25-40 °N, 75-105 °E, time resolution: hourly, space resolution: 10 km, grid number: 150 * 300. There are 33 variables in total, including 11 near surface atmospheric variables: temperature at 2m height on the ground, specific humidity at 2m height on the ground, surface pressure, latitudinal component of 10m wind field on the ground, longitudinal component of 10m wind field on the ground, proportion of solid precipitation, cumulative cumulus convective precipitation, cumulative grid precipitation, downward shortwave radiation flux at the surface, downward length at the surface Wave radiation flux, cumulative potential evaporation. There are 19 surface state variables: soil temperature in each layer, soil moisture in each layer, liquid water content in each layer, heat flux of snow phase change, soil bottom temperature, surface runoff, underground runoff, vegetation proportion, surface heat flux, snow water equivalent, actual snow thickness, snow density, water in the canopy, surface temperature, albedo, background albedo, lower boundary Soil temperature, upward heat flux (sensible heat flux) at the surface and upward water flux (sensible heat flux) at the surface. There are three other variables: longitude, latitude and planetary boundary layer height.
PAN Xiaoduo
The field observation platform of the Tibetan Plateau is the forefront of scientific observation and research on the Tibetan Plateau. The land surface processes and environmental changes based comprehensive observation of the land-boundary layer in the Tibetan Plateau provides valuable data for the study of the mechanism of the land-atmosphere interaction on the Tibetan Plateau and its effects. This dataset integrates the 2005-2016 hourly atmospheric, soil hydrothermal and turbulent fluxes observations of Qomolangma Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (QOMS/CAS), Southeast Tibet Observation and Research Station for the Alpine Environment, CAS (SETORS), the BJ site of Nagqu Station of Plateau Climate and Environment, CAS (NPCE-BJ), Nam Co Monitoring and Research Station for Multisphere Interactions, CAS (NAMORS), Ngari Desert Observation and Research Station, CAS (NADORS), Muztagh Ata Westerly Observation and Research Station, CAS (MAWORS). It contains gradient observation data composed of multi-layer wind speed and direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure and precipitation data, four-component radiation data, multi-layer soil temperature and humidity and soil heat flux data, and turbulence data composed of sensible heat flux, latent heat flux and carbon dioxide flux. These data can be widely used in the analysis of the characteristics of meteorological elements on the Tibetan Plaetau, the evaluation of remote sensing products and development of the remote sensing retrieval algorithms, and the evaluation and development of numerical models.
MA Yaoming
The SZIsnow dataset was calculated based on systematic physical fields from the Global Land Data Assimilation System version 2 (GLDAS-2) with the Noah land surface model. This SZIsnow dataset considers different physical water-energy processes, especially snow processes. The evaluation shows the dataset is capable of investigating different types of droughts across different timescales. The assessment also indicates that the dataset has an adequate performance to capture droughts across different spatial scales. The consideration of snow processes improved the capability of SZIsnow, and the improvement is evident over snow-covered areas (e.g., Arctic region) and high-altitude areas (e.g., Tibet Plateau). Moreover, the analysis also implies that SZIsnow dataset is able to well capture the large-scale drought events across the world. This drought dataset has high application potential for monitoring, assessing, and supplying information of drought, and also can serve as a valuable resource for drought studies.
WU Pute, TIAN Lei, ZHANG Baoqing
The matching data of water and soil resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the potential evapotranspiration data calculated by Penman formula from the site meteorological data (2008-2016, national meteorological data sharing network), the evapotranspiration under the existing land use according to the influence coefficient of underlying surface, and the rainfall data obtained by interpolation from the site rainfall data in the meteorological data, are used to calculate the evapotranspiration under the existing land use according to the different land types of land use According to the difference, the matching coefficient of water and soil resources is obtained. The difference between the actual rainfall and the water demand under the existing land use conditions reflects the matching of water and soil resources. The larger the value is, the better the matching is. The spatial distribution of the matching of soil and water resources can pave the way for further understanding of the agricultural and animal husbandry resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
DONG Lingxiao
This data includes the image data of the second comprehensive field scientific investigation of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The image data includes the sample plot photos of the quadrats collected in the nature reserve during the scientific research, the images of forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem and lake ecosystem in the nature reserve in Northwest Yunnan and Western Sichuan, the vegetation situation, wildlife habitat, and the data of animals, plants and fungi in the reserve. In addition, the image data also includes the sample collection process of the scientific research, the household survey of the scientific research team in the community survey and the image data of the interview with the local protection department. The data comes from UAV and camera shooting, which can provide evidence and reference for scientific research.
SU Xukun
The stable oxygen isotope ratio (δ 18O) in precipitation is a comprehensive tracer of global atmospheric processes. Since the 1990s, efforts have been made to study the isotopic composition of precipitation at more than 20 stations located on the TP of the Tibetan Plateau, which are located at the air mass intersection between westerlies and monsoons. In this paper, we establish a database of monthly precipitation δ 18O over the Tibetan Plateau and use different models to evaluate the climate control of precipitation δ 18O over TP. The spatiotemporal pattern of precipitation δ 18O and its relationship with temperature and precipitation reveal three different domains, which are respectively related to westerly wind (North TP), Indian monsoon (South TP) and their transition.
GAO Jing
(1) This data set is the carbon flux data set of Shenzha alpine wetland from 2016 to 2019, including air temperature, soil temperature, precipitation, ecosystem productivity and other parameters. (2) The data set is based on the field measured data of vorticity, and adopts the internationally recognized standard processing method of vorticity related data. The basic process includes: outlier elimination coordinate rotation WPL correction storage item calculation precipitation synchronization data elimination threshold elimination outlier elimination U * correction missing data interpolation flux decomposition and statistics. This data set also contains the model simulation data calibrated based on the vorticity correlation data set. (3) the data set has been under data quality control, and the data missing rate is 37.3%, and the missing data has been supplemented by interpolation. (4) The data set has scientific value for understanding carbon sink function of alpine wetland, and can also be used for correction and verification of mechanism model.
Da Wei
1)Data content (including elements and meanings): surface meteorological observation data product of TP in 1979-2016 2)Data source and processing method: In .tif format, can be opened and analysed in arcgis. 3)Data quality description: daily resolution 4)Data application results and prospects: Based on the long-term observation data of the 17 stations of HORN, establish a series of data series of meteorological, hydrological and ecological elements in the Pan-Earth region; Strengthen observation and sample and sample verification, and complete the inversion of meteorological elements, lake water quantity and water quality, aboveground vegetation biomass, glacier and frozen soil changes; based on Internet of Things technology, develop multi-station networked meteorological, hydrological, The ecological data management platform realizes real-time acquisition and remote control and sharing of networked data.
ZHU Liping,
This dataset contains data on the lake core sporopollen spectrum and temperature/precipitation reconstruction sequence of Yamdrog Yumtso Lake in the southern Tibetan Plateau. It is used to study the environmental changes in the Yamdrog Yumtso region by 20 ka. It is obtained by the sporopollen analysis method. This data set is obtained by laboratory measurement and calculation. The samples and data are collected and identified in strict accordance with relevant operating procedures at all stages. There are three subtables in this dataset. The first two tables comprise the following analysis data of TC1 pore sporopollen samples. Field 1: Sample Number Field 2: Sample Depth Unit: cm Field 3: Sample Age Unit: aBP Field 4: Total sporopollen concentration Units: granules/gram Field 5: Total Pollen Granules Unit: Number of grains Field 6: Total number of indicative pollen Unit: Number of grains Field 7: Identification of indicative pollen number Unit: Number of grains Field 8: Sample Weight Unit: Grams Field 9: Concentration Coefficient Units: granules / gram Field 1: Sample Number Field 2: Plant species Field 3: Pollen content Unit: % The third subtable is the reconstructed temperature precipitation and has 6 fields. Field 1: Sample Code Field 2: Sample Name Field 3: Depth Unit: cm Field 4: Age Unit: aBP Field 5: Average annual temperature Unit: 0.1 °C Field 6: Annual precipitation Unit: 0.1 mm The rock core was collected from the Yamdrog Yumtso Basin in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau. The approximate sampling location is 90°27′E，28°56′N, and the altitude there is 4425 m.
WANG Junbo, LV Houyuan
These are the meteorological, soil, vegetation and other data observed by the Gongga Mountain Forest Ecosystem Test Station on the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau, primarily from 2005 to 2008. Meteorological data: temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, dew point temperature, water pressure, ground temperature, soil temperature (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 40 cm), 10-minute average wind, 10-minute maximum wind speed, precipitation, total radiation, net radiation. Tree layer biological observation data: diameter at breast height, tree height, life form Shrub layer biological observation data: tree number, height, coverage, life form, aboveground biomass, underground biomass Herb layer biological observation data: tree (strain) number, average height, coverage, life type, aboveground biomass, underground biomass Leaf area index: tree layer leaf area index, shrub layer leaf area index, grass layer leaf area index Soil organic matter and nutrients: soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available nitrogen (alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen), available phosphorus, available potassium, slowly available potassium, PH value in aqueous solution Soil water content: depth, water content
WANG Xiaodan
This dataset contains monthly 0.05°×0.05° (1982, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 2000) and 0.01°×0.01° (2005, 2010, 2015 and 2017) LST products in Qilian Mountain Area. The dataset was produced based on SW algorithm by AVHRR BT from thermal infrared channels (CH4: 10.5µm to 11.3µm; CH5: 11.5µm to 12.5µm) at a resolution of 0.05°, MYD21A1 LST products at a resolution of 0.01° along with some auxiliary datasets. The auxiliary datasets include IGBP land cover type, AVHRR NDVI products, Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications-2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis data, ASTER GED, Lat/Lon and the Julian Day information.
WANG Junbo, SHAO Xuemei
The GAME/Tibet project conducted a short-term pre-intensive observing period (PIOP) at the Amdo station in the summer of 1997. From May to September 1998, five consecutive IOPs were scheduled, with approximately one month per IOP. More than 80 scientific workers from China, Japan and South Korea went to the Tibetan Plateau in batches and carried out arduous and fruitful work. The observation tests and plans were successfully completed. After the completion of the IOP in September, 1998, five automatic weather stations (AWS), one Portable Atmospheric Mosonet (PAM), one boundary layer tower and integrated radiation observatory (Amdo) and nine soil temperature and moisture observation stations have been continuously observed to date and have obtained extremely valuable information for 8 years and 6 months consecutively (starting from June 1997). The experimental area is located in Nagqu, in northern Tibet, and has an area of 150 km × 200 km (Fig. 1), and observation points are also established in D66, Tuotuohe and the Tanggula Mountain Pass (D105) along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. The following observation stations (sites) are set up on different underlying surfaces including plateau meadows, plateau lakes, and desert steppe. (1) Two multidisciplinary (atmosphere and soil) observation stations, Amdo and NaquFx, have multicomponent radiation observation systems, gradient observation towers, turbulent flux direct measurement systems, soil temperature and moisture gradient observations, radiosonde, ground soil moisture observation networks and multiangle spectrometer observations used as ground truth values for satellite data, etc. (2) There are six automatic weather stations (D66, Tuotuohe, D105, D110, Nagqu and MS3608), each of which has observations of wind, temperature, humidity, pressure, radiation, surface temperature, soil temperature and moisture, precipitation, etc. (3) PAM stations (Portable Automated Meso - net) located approximately 80 km north and south of Nagqu (MS3478 and MS3637) have major projects similar to the two integrated observation stations (Amdo and NaquFx) above and to the wind, temperature and humidity turbulence observations. (4) There are nine soil temperature and moisture observation sites (D66, Tuotuohe, D110, WADD, NODA, Amdo, MS3478, MS3478 and MS3637), each of which has soil temperature measurements of 6 layers and soil moisture measurement of 9 layers. (5) A 3D Doppler Radar Station is located in the south of Nagqu, and there are seven encrypted precipitation gauges in the adjacent (within approximately 100 km) area. The radiation observation system mainly studies the plateau cloud and precipitation system and serves as a ground true value station for the TRMM satellite. The GAME-Tibet project seeks to gain insight into the land-atmosphere interaction on the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the Asian monsoon system through enhanced observational experiments and long-term monitoring at different spatial scales. After the end of 2000, the GAME/Tibet project joined the “Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP)” jointly organized by two international plans, GEWEX (Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) and CL IVAR (Climate Change and Forecast). The Asia-Australia Monsoon Project (CAMP) on the Tibetan Plateau of the Global Coordinated Enhanced Observation Program (CEOP) has been started. The data set contains POP data for 1997 and IOP data for 1998. Ⅰ. The POP data of 1997 contain the following. 1. Precipitation Gauge Network (PGN) 2. Radiosonde Observation at Naqu 3. Analysis of Stable Isotope for Water Cycle Studies 4. Doppler radar observation 5. Large-Scale Hydrological Cycle in Tibet (Link to Numaguchi's home page) 6. Portable Automated Mesonet (PAM) [Japanese] 7. Ground Truth Data Collection (GTDC) for Satellite Remote Sensing 8. Tanggula AWS (D105 station in Tibet) 9. Syamboche AWS (GEN/GAME AWS in Nepal) Ⅱ. The IOP data of 1998 contain the following. 1. Anduo （1） PBL Tower, 2） Radiation, 3） Turbulence SMTMS 2. D66 （1） AWS （2） SMTMS （3） GTDC （4) Precipitation 3. Toutouhe （1） AWS （2） SMTMS （3 ）GTDC 4. D110 （1） AWS （2） SMTMS (3) GTDC (4) SMTMS 5. MS3608 （1） AWS （2） SMTMS （3） Precipitation 6. D105 （1） Precipitation (2) GTDC 7. MS3478(NPAM) （1） PAM （2） Precipitation 8. MS3637 （1） PAM （2） SMTMS （3） Precipitation 9. NODAA （1） SMTMS (2) Precipitation 10. WADD （1） SMTMS （2） Precipitation （3） Barometricmd 11. AQB （1） Precipitation 12. Dienpa (RS2) （1） Precipitation 13. Zuri （1） Precipitation （2） Barometricmd 14. Juze （1） Precipitation 15. Naqu hydrological station （1） Precipitation 16. MSofNaqu （1） Barometricmd 16. Naquradarsite （1）Radar system （2） Precipitation 17. Syangboche [Nepal] （1） AWS 18. Shiqu-anhe （1） AWS （2） GTDC 19. Seqin-Xiang （1） Barometricmd 20. NODA （1）Barometricmd （2） Precipitation （3) SMTMS 21. NaquHY （1） Barometricmd （2） Precipitation 22. NaquFx(BJ) （1） GTDC（2) PBLmd (3) Precipitation 23. MS3543 （1） Precipitation 24. MNofAmdo （1） Barometricmd 25. Mardi （1） Runoff 26. Gaize （1） AWS （2） GTDC （3） Sonde A CD of the data GAME-Tibet POP/IOP dataset cd （vol. 1) GAME-Tibet POP/IOP dataset cd （vol. 2)
MA Yaoming
This data set mainly includes meteorological data and soil moisture data collected from 2005 to 2008 at the Sherjila Mountain Alpine Timberline Observation Site of the Integrated Observation and Research Station of the Alpine Environment in Southeast Tibet. The data set of alpine timberline observations in southeast Tibet includes 1) the meteorological data set and 2) the soil moisture data set. The meteorological data set includes wind speed, temperature (1, 3 m), relative humidity (1, 3 m), soil heat flux (-5, -20, -60 cm), soil temperature (-5, -20, -60 cm), air pressure, total radiation, net radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, infrared radiation (660, 730 nm), atmospheric longwave radiation, ground longwave radiation, surface temperature, precipitation, and snow thickness. The soil moisture data set includes vegetation type and soil water content (-5, -20, -60 cm). Instruments used for each variable: Temperature: Air temperature probe, produced in Taiwan, model TRH-S. Relative humidity: Model TRH-S, produced in Taiwan. Wind speed: Anemoscope, produced in Taiwan, model 03102. Barometric Pressure: Barometric pressure sensor, produced in Taiwan, model BP0611A. Atmospheric longwave radiation: Pyrgeometer, produced by the Kipp & Zonen Company of the Netherlands, model CG3. Ground longwave radiation: Pyrgeometer, produced by the Kipp & Zonen Company of the Netherlands, model CG3. Total radiation: Pyranometer, produced by the Kipp & Zonen Company of the Netherlands, model CM3. Net radiation: Net radiometer, produced by the Kipp & Zonen Company of the Netherlands, model NR-Lite. Photosynthetically active radiation: PAR-Sensor, produced by the Kipp & Zonen Company of the Netherlands, model MS-PAR. Infrared radiation: Infrared radiation sensor, produced by the Skye Company of the UK, model SKY110. Rainfall: Rain gauge, produced in Taiwan, model 7852 M. Snow thickness: Ultrasonic snow depth sensor, produced in the United States, model 260-700. Soil temperature: Soil temperature probe, produced by the Onset Company of the United States, model 12-Bit. Soil heat flux: Soil heat flux plate, produced by the Hukseflux Company of the Netherlands, model HFP01. Soil moisture content: Soil moisture sensor, produced by the Onset Company of the United States, model S-SMA-M003. The observations and data acquisition were carried out in strict accordance with the instrument operating specifications. Each instrument was rigorously validated and calibrated by the supplier before installation to ensure the accuracy of the observation data. Data with significant errors were removed when processing the data table.
LIU Xinsheng, LUO Tianxiang
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