The data were passed through the data center of institute of Tibetan Plateau research, Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.data.tpdc.ac.cn/ ）China's land use status remote sensing monitoring database products are obtained. The Irtysh River and Tarim River Basin are all seven periods of data in 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The data production is based on the Landsat of each period TM / ETM Remote sensing image is the main data source, which is generated by manual visual interpretation. The spatial resolution is 1km, and the projection parameter is Albers_ Conic_ Equal_ Area central meridian 105, standard weft 1:25, standard weft 2:47. The land use types include six first-class types of cultivated land, woodland, grassland, water area, residential land and unused land, and 25 second-class types.
Chinese Academy of Sciences Resource and Environmental Science Data Center(http://www.resdc.cn/) 111
The data of Land Resources Productivity for “B&R” includes: 1. Areas of cultivated land resources in regions and countries along the “B&R”; 2. Data on grain planting area and total grain output in regions and countries along the “B&R”; 3. Major crops (rice, wheat, corn) in regions and countries along the route Planting area and production data; 4. Areas of grassland resources in the region and along the country; 5. Number of livestock (bovine, sheep) in the region and along the country. Source: Cultivated land and population data from the World Bank database; food, crop, grassland, and livestock data are from FAO. Data application: According to the data provided, the basic characteristics analysis of land resources and the analysis of land resource output can be carried out in the Belt and Road region and the countries along the route, so that the land resource productivity evaluation analysis can be carried out.
YANG Yanzhao
Tibetan Plateau with high altitude,cold climate,poor natural conditions and fragile ecological environment become the sensitive and promoter region of global climate change.Studying for Land reclamation of historical period in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is not only the specific way to participate in the global environmental change, but also can provide the comprehensive research of land use change with abundant regional information,there is important significance for studying history in our country even the whole world of land use/cover change research.The region of Brahmaputra River and its two tributaries in Tibetan Plateau pastoral transitional zone is one of the important typical agricultural area, and is the area with the most intense land reclamation activities and the fastest population growing.Proceeding deep historical data mining in the study area to reconstruct the cropland spatial patterns over the past 300 years has important significance to study the human land use activities under the background of global climate change. This data contains raster data on the spatial distribution pattern of arable land in Brahmaputra River and Its Two Tributaries in 1730 with a spatial resolution of 500m*500m.The data of cultivated land in 1730 comes from tiehu Inventory，the missing data of two counties were interpolated.The land area recorded in the data is converted into modern mu units, and the missing counties are calculated using the area's per capita cultivated land and population.
LIU Fenggui, GU Xijing
The Huanghuang Valley was one of the most important agricultural development areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, especially by the Qing Dynasty, the land cover of the area underwent significant changes. By collating and correcting the 1726 cropland data recorded in the historical documents of the area, with a view to revealing the basic conditions of arable land changes and human activities in the typical river valley agricultural area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we provide a theoretical basis. This data contains raster data on the spatial distribution pattern of arable land in the Huanghuang Valley in 1726 with a spatial resolution of 1km*1km. The area of cropland is mainly obtained from the New Records of Xining Prefecture，Records of Xuanhua Hall，New Records of Gansu， which were recorded during the Qianlong period of 20 years. The determination of county administrative boundaries refers to Atlas of Chinese History edited by Tan Qixiang and Comprehensive Table of Administrative Region Evolution in Qing Dynasty edited by Niu Hanping. The original data on cropland collected from the historical literature was corrected and then the quantitative data was assigned to space using a grid drawing method.
LIU Fenggui, LUO Jing
This data set is based on the evaluation of existing land cover data and the evidence theory，including a 1:100,000 land use map for the year 20 2000、a 1:1,000,000 vegetation map、a 1:1,000,000 swamp-wetland map, a glacier map and a Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer land cover map for China in 2001 (MODIS2001) were merged，Finally, the decision is made based on the principle of maximum trust, and a new 1KM land cover data of China in 2000 with IGBP classification system is produced. The new land cover data not only maintain the overall accuracy of China's land use data, but also supplement the information of vegetation types and vegetation seasons in China's vegetation map, update China's wetland map, add the latest information of China's glacier map, and make the classification system more general.
RAN Youhua, LI Xin
This dataset was captured during the field investigation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in June 2021 using uav aerial photography. The data volume is 3.4 GB and includes more than 330 aerial photographs. The shooting locations mainly include roads, residential areas and their surrounding areas in Lhasa Nyingchi of Tibet, Dali and Nujiang of Yunnan province, Ganzi, Aba and Liangshan of Sichuan Province. These aerial photographs mainly reflect local land use/cover type, the distribution of facility agriculture land, vegetation coverage. Aerial photographs have spatial location information such as longitude, latitude and altitude, which can not only provide basic verification information for land use classification, but also provide reference for remote sensing image inversion of large-scale regional vegetation coverage by calculating vegetation coverage.
LV Changhe, ZHANG Zemin
Quantitative evaluation and comprehensive measurement of resource and environment carrying capacity is the key technical link of resource and environment carrying capacity research from classification to synthesis. Based on the evaluation of the suitability of human settlements, the limitation of resource carrying capacity and socio-economic adaptability, and according to the research idea and technical route of "suitability zoning restrictive classification adaptability classification warning classification", a three-dimensional tetrahedral model for the comprehensive evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity with balanced significance is constructed. Based on the 10km grid, a comprehensive study on the resource and environment carrying capacity was carried out, and the resource and environment carrying capacity index of the areas along the silk road was quantitatively simulated. Taking 1 as the equilibrium significance, it provided support for the comprehensive evaluation of the resource and environment carrying capacity of the areas along the silk road.
YOU Zhen
The supply capacity of land resources is an important index to determine the carrying capacity of land resources. The data set includes: (1) the supply capacity of cultivated land resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau; (2) Data on grassland resource supply capacity of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The supply capacity of cultivated land resources is based on the output of main agricultural products of Tibet Bureau of statistics, and summarizes the output of grain, meat, eggs and dairy livestock products at key nodes; The grassland resource supply capacity is based on the grassland area and livestock quantity data of Tibet Bureau of statistics, combined with field sampling data and climate data, and based on the aboveground biomass model to calculate the average biomass and total biomass of grassland in typical counties at key nodes. The data can be used to analyze the spatial difference of land supply capacity of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance to the study of land carrying capacity of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
YANG Yanzhao
The data set was obtained from UAV aerial photography during the field investigation of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in August 2020. The data size is 10.1 GB, including more than 11600 aerial photos. The shooting sites mainly include Lhasa, Shannan, Shigatse and other areas along the road, residential areas and surrounding areas. The aerial photos mainly reflect the local land use / cover type, facility agriculture distribution, grassland coverage and other information. The aerial photos have longitude, latitude and altitude information, which can provide better verification information for land use / cover remote sensing interpretation, and can also be used for vegetation coverage estimation, and provide better reference information for land use research in the study area.
LV Changhe, LIU Yaqun
The data sources of this dataset mainly include domestic satellite images such as HJ-1A/B, GF-1/2, ZY-3, and Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI series satellite image data. Using the domestic satellite images supplemented by Google Earth images to generate the component training sample and validation sample data of different geographical divisions. Using Google Earth Engine (GEE) to test and correct the model algorithm parameters. The normalized settlement density index (NSDI) is obtained based on random forest algorithm, Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI series satellite images and auxiliary data. The vector boundary of urban built-up area is obtained by density segmentation method after manual interactive interpretation and correction. The NSDI, vegetation coverage index and vector boundary of the Tibetan Plateau are used to produce the original data of urban impervious surface and urban green space fractions in the Tibetan Plateau. After correction and accuracy evaluation, the datasets of urban impervious surface area and green space fractions in the Tibetan Plateau from 2000 to 2020 are generated. The resolution of the data product is 30 m, and the coordinate system and storage format of the data files are unified. The geographic coordinate system is WGS84, the projected coordinate system is Albers, and the data storage format is GeoTIFF, the data unit is percentage (the value range is 0~10000), and the scale factor is 0.01. In order to quantify the change of urban land cover more accurately, samples from several typical cities are selected to verify the dataset. The specific verification methods and accuracy are shown in the published results. The data can be used to analyze and reveal the impact of land cover change and future scenario simulation on the Tibetan Plateau, to provide a scientific basis for building environmentally livable cities and improving the quality of human settlements on the Tibetan Plateau.
KUANG Wenhui, GUO Changqing, DOU Yinyin
The data set records the statistical data of grassland construction in Qinghai Province in the main years, covering the period from 2011 to 2017. The data are divided by fenced grassland area, new enclosure area in the current year, reserved area of artificial grass planting, area of new species in the current year, rodent damage area in the year, rodent damage control area in the year, etc. The data set contains seven data tables, which are: Grassland Construction in major years (2011), grassland construction in major years (2012), grassland construction in major years (2013), grassland construction in major years (2014), grassland construction in major years (2015), grassland construction in major years (2016) and grassland construction in major years (2017). The data table structure is similar. For example, the data sheet of grassland construction in major years (2011) has 10 fields: Field 1: indicator Field 2: 1995 Field 3: year 2000 Field 4: year 2005 Field 5: year 2006 Field 6: year 2007 Field 7: year 2008 Field 8: year 2009 Field 9: year 2010 Field 10: year 2011
AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL Department of Qinghai Province
Sediment ancient DNA is biological ancient DNA scattered in Paleoenvironmental samples, which is different from ancient DNA directly extracted from ancient animal bones and plant remains. Paleoenvironmental DNA is mainly mixed with multi species ancient DNA extracted from environmental samples such as glaciers, frozen soil, lake sediments, peat sediments, site cultural layer, dental calculus and fecal fossils. These DNA enter the environment with biological residues (including remains, hair, feces and urine), degrade rapidly and denature slowly in the environment, and finally adsorb on minerals and other particles or integrate into their own genome by microorganisms for long-term preservation, thus forming paleoenvironmental DNA. Sediment DNA is a new ancient DNA analysis technology. The sediments of archaeological sites can track the DNA preservation status of relevant sites and possible humans, make up for the shortcomings that human fossils are generally available but not available, greatly expand the research object and open a new window to study the population evolution of Paleolithic archaeological sites. The ancient DNA of stratum sediments from baishiya karst cave site where Xiahe human mandible was found was systematically sampled and analyzed.
ZHANG Dongju , FU Qiaomei
The basic principle of ancient recipe analysis based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis method is you are what you eat, that is, the chemical composition of animal tissues and organs is closely related to their diet. Through the detection of isotope ratio of relevant elements, the food structure of ancient people and animals can be directly revealed Then it discusses the research means of people's livelihood and livestock domestication. The collagen of human and animal bones from shilinggang site in Nujiang, Yunnan Province in the southwest of Qinghai Tibet Plateau was analyzed by carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes.
DONG Guanghui , REN Lele
The alpine and anoxic environment of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is a major challenge for human survival and life. When human beings boarded the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and adapted to the extreme environment of the plateau has always been a hot issue in the academic circles. At present, in the study of prehistoric culture of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, except the northeast, most areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau have not established archaeological cultural sequences. Yajiang river basin is one of the areas with dense distribution of human activity relics, but there are few archaeological excavations and studies, and the activity history of the ancients in this area is not clear. Based on the systematic dating of cultural archaeological sites in Linzhi Area, Southeast Tibet, 33 carbon fourteenth age data were obtained.
YANG Xiaoyan, WANG Yanren
Land cover data of typical mineral development project areas include land cover data set of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (2000), land cover data set of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (2010) and land cover data set of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (2020). The data format is shape file with a spatial resolution of 30m, including ten categories: cultivated land, forest land, grassland, shrub land, wetland, water body, tundra, artificial surface, bare land, glacier and permanent snow, and the time resolution is years. The data comes from globeland30 (global geographic information public product), http://www.globallandcover.com/ ）, obtained by mosaic and reorganization. The data accuracy evaluation of source data is led by Tongji University and Aerospace Information Innovation Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the overall accuracy of data exceeds 83.50%. The data set can provide high-precision basic geographic information for relevant research, and can be applied to the comprehensive effect assessment of land cover in typical mineral development areas of super large gold belt in Qilian Mountain metallogenic belt in the northeast of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It has important applications in the environmental effect assessment of mineral development, natural disaster risk assessment and disaster prevention and reduction.
CHENG Hao
The data set of land desertification distribution in Sanjiangyuan area is derived from the desertification pattern and change data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This data is obtained based on the integration of remote sensing images, auxiliary data and other multi-source data. The main data used and referred to include: 1) remote sensing image data: Landsat was selected to extract the images from June to September as the main data source for land desertification monitoring on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and five images were selected to monitor land desertification in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015. 2) auxiliary data: terrain data, soil type data, vegetation type data Land use data, Google Earth image and other auxiliary data are important data in the interpretation of desertification land; 3) The indicators of desertification are wind erosion rate, percentage of quicksand area and vegetation coverage; 4) The area of the source area of the three rivers is 382312 km2. The data set is cut out from the land desertification distribution data of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, so as to carry out the research and analysis of the source area of the three rivers separately; 5) This data format is ShapeFile format. It is recommended to use ArcMap to open data.
NAN Weige
Topographic relief is a comprehensive representation of regional altitude and surface cutting degree. Based on the definition and calculation formula of topographic relief under the background of China's human settlements assessment, the digital elevation model (Aster GDEM 30 m) data is resampled into 1 km, The data set includes: (1) kilometer grid spatial data of Tibetan Plateau topographic relief（ 2) Terrain suitability evaluation data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data can be used to analyze the spatial difference of topographic relief of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance to the study of human settlements and Natural Suitability of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
XIAO Chiwei, LI Peng,
The data set records the basic information of cultivated land in the Tibet Autonomous Region and contains two data tables. Among them, the data table 1 has 7 fields, and the data table has 5 fields, respectively recording the cultivated land area, dry land area, paddy field area, effective irrigation area, and national infrastructure area of Tibet Autonomous Region and each district and county from 1959 to 2016. , The units are all hectares. The data comes from: "Tibet Statistical Yearbook" and "Tibetan Social and Economic Statistical Yearbook", with the same accuracy as the statistical yearbook extracted from the data. This data set has important value for understanding the situation of cultivated land in the Tibet Autonomous Region, evaluating the level of cultivated land utilization, and researching agricultural production and food security.
SU Zhengan
To collect, integrate and integrate data and information on human activities, geographical conditions, environmental quality, natural disasters, medical and health care, and natural resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau（ Meteorological data (air temperature, air pressure, wind speed, precipitation, evaporation, sunshine hours, air humidity) from 1980 to 2019, air oxygen content, solar radiation, 4 million digital landform data set, soil erosion, concentration data set of soil persistent organic pollutants in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, natural disasters, medical resources, economic data in Tibet and Qinghai Water resources data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau (1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, etc.)
As the roof of the world, the water tower of Asia and the third pole of the world, the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier for China and even Asia. With the rapid development of social economy, human activities have increased significantly, and the impact on the ecological environment is growing. In this paper, eight factors including cultivated land, construction land, National Road, provincial road, railway, expressway, GDP and population density were selected as the threat factors, and the attributes of the threat factors were determined based on the expert scoring method to evaluate the habitat quality of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, so as to obtain six data sets of the habitat quality of the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The production of habitat quality data sets will help to explore the habitat quality of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and provide effective support for the government to formulate sustainable development policies of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
LIU Shiliang, LIU Yixuan, SUN Yongxiu, LI Mingqi
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