A high-resolution remote sensing image mosaic of the entire Antarctic was generated by synthesizing the 1073 images taken by American Landsat 7 during 1999 to 2003 and the medium-resolution MODIS image (taken in 2005) covering south of 82.5°southern latitude. Based on the mosaic, combined with the needs of Antarctic scientific research, Antarctica land cover was divided into six types using the combination method of computer automatic interpretation and artificial assistance. They were blue ice, fissures, bare rocks, water bodies, moraines and firns, and the areas and proportions of the above types were 225,207.29 square kilometers (1.651%), 7153.36 square kilometers (0.052%), 72,958.04 square kilometers (0.535%), 189.43 square kilometers (0.001%), 310.76 square kilometers (0.003%), and 13337392.66 square kilometers (97.758%), respectively. The map is a satellite image map of approximate true color synthesis, and the regions of various cover types are represented by different color blocks. The map mainly provides a reference for popular scientific research, geography education and science popularization.
HUI Fengming
Microbial diversity data of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. One hundred and thirty-eight samples were collected from July 1st to July 15th, 2015, from 28 lakes (Bamco, Baima Lake, Bange Salt Lake, Bangong Lake, Bengco, Bieruozeco, Cuoeco, Cuoe (Pingcuo North), Dawaco, Dangqiongco, Dangreyongco, Dongco, Eyacuoqiong, Gongzhuco, Guogenco, Jiarebuco, Mapangyongco, Namco, Nieerco (Salt Lake), Normaco, Pengyanco, Pengco, Qiangyong, Selinco, Wuruco, Wumaco, Zharinanmuco, and Zhaxico). The salinity gradients range from 0.07-118 ppm. The DNA extraction method: The DNA was extracted using an MO BIO PowerSoil DNA kit after the lake water was filtered onto a 0.45 membrane. The 16S rRNA gene fragment amplification primers were 515F (5'-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3') and 909r (5'-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3'). The sequencing method was Illumina MiSeq PE250, and the raw data were analyzed by Mothur software, including quality filtering and chimera removal. The sequence classification was based on the Silva109 database, and archaea, eukaryotic and unknown source sequences have been removed. OTUs were classified by 97% similarity, and sequences that appear once in the database were then removed. Finally, each sample was resampled to 7,230 sequences/sample. GPS coordinates, evolutionary information, and environmental factors are listed in the data.
JI Mukan
This dataset is the spatial distribution map of the marshes in the source area of the Yellow River near the Zaling Lake-Eling Lake, covering an area of about 21,000 square kilometers. The data set is classified by the Landsat 8 image through an expert decision tree and corrected by manual visual interpretation. The spatial resolution of the image is 30m, using the WGS 1984 UTM projected coordinate system, and the data format is grid format. The image is divided into five types of land, the land type 1 is “water body”, the land type 2 is “high-cover vegetation”, the land type 3 is “naked land”, and the land type 4 is “low-cover vegetation”, and the land type 5 is For "marsh", low-coverage vegetation and high-coverage vegetation are distinguished by vegetation coverage. The threshold is 0.1 to 0.4 for low-cover vegetation and 0.4 to 1 for high-cover vegetation.
Li Xinwu, Liang Lei
The data set contains the flux observation data of large aperture scintillator at areau station upstream of heihe hydrometeorological observation network.Two large aperture scintillation devices of German BLS450_AR and national zzlas were set up in the upstream areau station. The north tower was the receiving end of zzlas and the transmitting end of BLS450_AR, and the south tower was the transmitting end of zzlas and the receiving end of BLS450_AR.The observation period of zzlas is January 1, 2014, solstice, December 31, 2014, and the observation time of BLS450_AR is January 19, 2014, solstice, December 12, 2014.The station is located in the grass daban village, a soft township, qilian county, qinghai province.The latitude and longitude of the north tower is 100.4712e, 38.0568n, and the latitude and longitude of the south tower is 100.4572e, 38.0384 N, with an altitude of about 3033m.The effective height of the large aperture scintillator is 9.5m, the optical diameter length is 2390m, and the sampling frequency is 1min. Large aperture flicker meter raw observation data for 1 min, data released for 30 min after processing and quality control of data, including sensible heat flux is mainly combined with the automatic meteorological station observation data, based on similarity theory alonzo mourning - Mr. Hoff is obtained by iterative calculation, the quality control of the main steps include: (1) excluding Cn2 reach saturation data (BLS450_AR: Cn2 > 7.25 e-14, zzlas: Cn2 > 7.84 E - 14).(2) data with weak demodulation signal Intensity were removed (BLS450_AR: Average X Intensity<1000, zzlas: Demod>-20mv);(3) data at the time of precipitation were excluded;(4) data of weak turbulence under stable conditions were excluded (u* < 0.1m/s).In the iterative calculation process, for BLS450_AR, the stability universal function of Thiermann and Grassl, 1992 was selected.For zzlas, select Andreas 1988's stability universal function.Please refer to Liu et al.(2011, 2013) for detailed introduction. Several notes on the released data :(1) the upstream LAS data is mainly BLS450_AR, the missing time is supplemented by zzlas observation, and the missing time of both is marked by -6999.(2) missing period: on August 10, 2014, solstice, 16th, October 3, 2014, solstice, October 13, 2014, and October 17, 2014, solstice, 20th, data was missing due to instrument failure.(3) data table head: Date/Time: Date/Time (format: yyyy-m-d h:mm), Cn2: structural parameters of air refraction index (unit: m-2/3), H_LAS: sensible heat flux (unit: W/m2).The meaning of data time, such as 0:30 represents the average between 0:00 and 0:30;The data is stored in *.xls format, please refer to the references for details. Please refer to Li et al.(2013) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al.(2011) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, ZHANG Yang, TAN Junlei
The data set contains the flux observation data of large aperture scintillator at areau station upstream of heihe hydrometeorological observation network.Two large aperture scintillation devices of BLS450 and zzlas type were set up in the upstream areau station respectively. The north tower was the receiving end of zzlas and the transmitting end of BLS450, and the south tower was the transmitting end of zzlas and the receiving end of BLS450.The observation period of zzlas is January 1, solstice, December 31, 2015;The initial observation time of BLS450 was on January 13, 2015, solstice, March 16, 2015, and the observation time was on April 15, 2015, solstice, December 31, 2015.The station is located in the grass daban village, a soft township, qilian county, qinghai province.The latitude and longitude of the north tower is 100.4712e, 38.0568n, and the latitude and longitude of the south tower is 100.4572e, 38.0384 N, with an altitude of about 3033m.The effective height of the large aperture scintillator is 9.5m, the optical diameter length is 2390m, and the sampling frequency is 1min. Large aperture flicker meter raw observation data for 1 min, data released for after processing and quality control of data, including sensible heat flux is mainly combined with the automatic meteorological station observation data, based on similarity theory alonzo mourning - Mr. Hoff is obtained by iterative calculation, the quality control of the main steps include: (1) excluding Cn2 reach saturation data (BLS450: Cn2 > 7.25 e-14, zzlas: Cn2 > 7.84 E - 14).(2) data with weak demodulation signal strength (BLS450: Average X Intensity<1000 (2015.1.13-2015.3.16) and Mininum X Intensity< 50 (2015.4.15-2015.12.31) were excluded.Zzlas: Demod>-20mv);(3) data at the time of precipitation were excluded;(4) data of weak turbulence under stable conditions were excluded (u* < 0.1m/s).In the iterative calculation process, for BLS450, Thiermann and Grassl(1992) stability universal function was selected.For zzlas, select Andreas 1988's stability universal function.Please refer to Liu et al(2011, 2013) for detailed introduction. Several notes on the released data :(1) the upstream LAS data is mainly BLS450, the missing time is supplemented by zzlas observation, and the missing time of both is marked by -6999.(2) data table head: Date/Time: Date/Time (format: yyyy/m/d h:mm), Cn2: structural parameters of air refraction index (unit: m-2/3), H_LAS: sensible heat flux (unit: W/m2).The meaning of data time, such as 0:30 represents the average between 0:00 and 0:30;The data is stored in *.xls format, please refer to the references for details. Please refer to Li et al. (2013) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al. (2011) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, ZHANG Yang, TAN Junlei
The monthly average vegetation index data of Heihe River Basin is based on MODIS 1 km and 250 m NDVI products. From 250 m products, the grid value of Heihe River Basin is proposed as precision control, and the 1 km product is modified by HASM method. The monthly average vegetation index of Heihe River Basin from 2001 to 2011 was obtained by fusing multi-source NDVI data using HASM method. Resolution: 1km * 1km The average precipitation data set of Heihe River Basin adopts the data information of 21 meteorological conventional observation stations in Heihe River Basin and its surrounding areas and 13 national reference stations around Heihe River basin provided by Heihe planning data management center. The daily precipitation data of each station from 1961 to 2010 is calculated. If the coefficient of variation is greater than 100%, the daily precipitation distribution trend can be obtained by using the geographic weighted regression to calculate the relationship between the station and the geographical terrain factors; if the coefficient of variation is less than or equal to 100%, the relationship between the station precipitation value and the geographical terrain factors (longitude, latitude, elevation) is calculated by ordinary least square regression, and the daily precipitation score is obtained HASM (high accuracy surface modeling method) was used to fit and modify the residual error after removing the trend. Finally, the trend surface results and residual correction results are added to get the annual average precipitation distribution of Heihe River Basin from 1961 to 2010. Time resolution: annual average precipitation from 1961 to 2010. Spatial resolution: 500M.
YUE Tianxiang, ZHAO Na
This data set contains observation data of vegetation ecological properties in the middle and lower reaches of heihe river from January 1, 2015 to July 31, 2017. It contains 355 data, among which 208 are populus eupoplar and 147 are tamarisk.Ecological attributes include 4 groups of ecological parameters and a total of 15 categories of 74 indicators, as follows: Vegetation structure parameters (25 indicators in 5 categories) : Coverage: total coverage, three-layer coverage, average diameter of canopy; Height: three-layer height, canopy thickness, litter thickness, moss thickness, maximum root depth; Density: layer density and average diameter of trees; Leaf area index: maximum leaf area index and minimum leaf area index of three layers of trees and grass; Phenological stage: leaf spreading stage, leaf filling stage, leaf deciduous stage, complete deciduous stage. Vegetation productivity parameters (16 indicators in 3 categories) : Aboveground biomass: total biomass, three-layer stem biomass, leaf biomass; Root biomass: root biomass, 0-5, 5-15, 15-30, 30-50, 50-100, 100-250cm fine root biomass; Other biomass: litter layer, moss layer biomass and carbon storage. Physiological and ecological parameters (24 indicators in 4 categories) : Biomass distribution: proportion of rhizome and leaf distribution; Element content: carbon content of roots and leaves, carbon - nitrogen ratio, carbon content of litters, carbon content of moss; Blade shape: specific leaf area, blade length and width, leaf inclination; Characteristics of gas exchange: leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, air temperature, intercellular CO2 concentration, photosynthetic effective radiation, etc. Hydrological parameters of vegetation (3 categories and 9 indicators) : Redistribution of rainfall: maximum interception, canopy interception, rain penetration, trunk flow Yield flow: yield flow, yield coefficient; Evaporation: plant transpiration, soil evaporation, soil evaporation depth.
Li Xiaoyan, ZHAO Wenwu
The sample plot survey data are as follows: in August 2013, 30 forest sample plots were set up in tianlaochi basin, with the sample plot specification of 10 m×20 m, and the long side of the sample plot was parallel to the slope direction, including 26 Qinghai spruce forests, 2 Qilian yuanberlin forests and 2 spruce-cypress mixed forests. within the sample plot, the diameter at breast height (diameter at trunk height of 1.3 m) of each tree was measured by using a ruler. Using hand-held ultrasonic altimeter to measure the tree height and the height under branches (the height of the first living branch at the lower end of the crown) of each tree, measuring the crown width in the north-south direction and the east-west direction by using a tape scale, and positioning the sample plot by using differential GPS. Taking the carbon storage data of the sample plot as the optimal control condition, using Kriging interpolation to obtain the biomass spatial distribution map driving field, using HASM algorithm to simulate the forest biomass spatial distribution map of the waterlogging pool, the simulation results conform to the vegetation distribution law of the study area, and obtain better effects. Resolution 1m
YUE Tianxiang, ZHAO Na
The data set contains cosmic ray instrument (CRS) observations from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The station is located in gansu province zhangye city da man irrigated area farmland, under the surface is corn field.The longitude and latitude of the observation point are 100.3722e, 38.8555n, and 1556m above sea level. The bottom of the instrument probe is 0.5m from the ground, and the sampling frequency is 1 hour. Original observations of cosmic ray instruments include: voltage Batt (V), temperature T (c), relative humidity RH (%), pressure P (hPa), fast neutron number N1C (hr), thermal neutron number N2C (hr), fast neutron sampling time N1ET (s) and thermal neutron sampling time N2ET (s).The data published are processed and calculated. The data headers include Date Time, P (pressure hPa), N1C (fast neutron number/hour), N1C_cor (fast neutron number/hour with revised pressure) and VWC (soil volume moisture content %). The main processing steps include: 1) data filtering There are four criteria for data screening :(1) data with voltage less than and equal to 11.8 volts are excluded;(2) remove the data of air relative humidity greater than and equal to 80%;(3) data whose sampling interval is not within 60±1 minute are excluded;(4) the number of fast neutrons removed changed by more than 200 in one hour compared with that before and after.In addition, the missing data was supplemented by -6999. 2) air pressure correction According to the fast neutron pressure correction formula mentioned in the instrument instruction manual, the original data were revised to obtain the revised fast neutron number N1C_cor. 3) instrument calibration In the process of calculating soil moisture, N0 in the calculation formula should be calibrated.N0 is the number of fast neutrons under the condition of soil drying. The measured soil moisture (or through relatively dense soil moisture wireless sensor) m (Zreda et al. Here, according to Soilnet soil water data in the source area of the instrument, the instrument was calibrated to establish the relationship between soil volumetric water content v and fast neutrons.Selection of dry and wet conditions are the obvious difference of June 26, 2012-27 and July 16-17, four days of data, including June 26-27 rate data showed that soil moisture is small, so the selection of 4 cm, 10 and 20 cm as the rate of the three values of average data, its range is 22% 30%, and July 16-17 rate data showed that soil moisture is bigger, so select 4 cm and 10 cm as two value average rate data, the range of 28% - 39%, final N0 an average of 3597. 4) soil moisture calculation According to the formula, the hourly soil water content data were calculated. Please refer to Liu et al. (2018) for information of hydrometeorological network or site, and Zhu et al. (2015) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, ZHU Zhongli, XU Ziwei, LI Xin, CHE Tao, TAN Junlei, REN Zhiguo
This data set contains the data of meteorological element gradient observation system of dashman superstation in the middle reaches of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The station is located in the farmland of daman irrigation district of zhangye city, gansu province.The longitude and latitude of the observation point are 100.3722e, 38.8555n and 1556m above sea level.The wind speed/direction, air temperature and relative humidity sensors are located at 3m, 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 30m and 40m respectively, with a total of 7 layers, facing due north.The barometer is installed at 2m;The tilting bucket rain gauge was installed at about 8m on the west side of the tower, with a height of 2.5m;The four-component radiometer is installed at 12m, facing due south;Two infrared thermometers are installed at 12m, facing due south and the probe facing vertically downward.Soil heat flow plate (self-calibration formal) (3 pieces) were buried in the ground 6cm in turn, 2m away from the tower body due south, two of which (Gs_2 and Gs_3) were buried between the trees, and one (Gs_1) was buried under the plants.The mean soil temperature sensor TCAV is buried 2cm and 4cm underground, facing due south and 2m away from the tower body.The soil temperature probe is buried at 0cm of the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground, 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The soil water sensor is buried 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground, 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The photosynthetic effective radiometer is installed at 12m with the probe facing vertically upward.Four other photosynthetically active radiometers were installed above and inside the canopy, 12m above the canopy (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), and 0.3m above the canopy (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), facing due south. The observation items are: wind speed (WS_3m, WS_5m, WS_10m, WS_15m, WS_20m, WS_30m, WS_40m) (unit: m/s), wind direction (WD_3m, WD_5m, WD_10m, WD_15m, WD_20m, WD_30m, WD_40m) (unit:Air temperature and humidity (Ta_3m, Ta_5m, Ta_10m, Ta_15m, Ta_20m, Ta_30m, Ta_40m and RH_3m, RH_5m, RH_10m, RH_15m, RH_20m, RH_30m, RH_40m) (unit: Celsius, percentage), air pressure (Press) (unit: hpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit:Watts/m2), surface radiant temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: Celsius), average soil temperature (TCAV) (unit: Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts/m2), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm) (unit:Soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm)Mmol/m s) and the upward and downward photosynthetic effective radiation (PAR_D_up, PAR_D_down) under the canopy (in mmol/m s). Processing and quality control of observed data :(1) ensure 144 pieces of data every day (every 10min), and mark by -6999 in case of data missing;The sensor in the soil part was adjusted and the data could not be used;(2) excluding the time with duplicate records;(3) data that obviously exceeds the physical significance or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked with red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) date and time have the same format, and date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 2016-6-10-10:30;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Liu et al. (2018), and for observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
The data set includes the river level observation data of No. 4 point in the dense runoff observation of the middle reaches of Heihe River from May 20, 2015 to March 11, 2016. The instrument maintenance was completed again on May 20, 2015. The observation point is located in Heihe bridge, Shangbao village, Jing'an Township, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. The riverbed is sandy gravel with unstable section. The longitude and latitude of the observation point are n39.065 °, e100.433056 °, 1431m above sea level, and 58m wide river channel. In 2012, hobo pressure type water level gauge was used for water level observation with acquisition frequency of 30 minutes; since 2013, sr50 ultrasonic distance meter was used with acquisition frequency of 30 minutes. On June 25, 2014, the instrument was damaged and re purchased. The record was restarted on May 20, 2015. The data includes the following parts: Water level observation, observation frequency 30 minutes, unit (cm); For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Li et al.(2013), and for observation data processing, please refer to He et al.(2016).
HE Xiaobo, LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, XU Ziwei
halong Beach area on the west side of Qilian County, Qinghai Province. The underlying surface is swamp meadow. The latitude and longitude of the observation point is 98.9406E, 38.8399N, and the altitude is 3739m. The air temperature and relative humidity sensors are erected 5 meters above the ground, facing North; the barometer is installed in the pick-proof box on the ground; the tipping bucket rain gauge is erected 10 meters above the ground; the wind speed and direction sensor is set 10 meters above the ground, facing North; the four-component radiometer is installed 6 meters above the ground, facing South; two infrared thermometers are installed 6 meters above the ground, facing South, and the probe orientation is vertical downward; the soil temperature probes are buried respectively at 0cm on the ground surface, 4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm and 160cm under the ground, they are located 2 meters from the meteorological tower in the South; the soil moisture sensors are buried 4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm and 160cm under the ground, 2 meters from the meteorological tower in the South; the soil heat flow boards (3 pieces) are buried 6cm under the ground, 2 meters from the meteorological tower in the South. Observed items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m) (unit: Celsius, percentage), air pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascal), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_10m) (unit: meter / sec), wind direction (WD_10m) (unit: degree), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watt / square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: Celsius) , soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watt / square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm) (unit: Celsius), soil moisture (Ms_4cm , Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percentage). Processing and quality control of observation data: (1) Ensure 144 data per day (every 10 minutes), if there is missing data, it is marked as -6999. (2) Eliminate moments with duplicate records; (3) Remove data that is significantly beyond physical meaning or beyond the measuring range of the instrument; (4) Data marked by red is debatable; (5) The formats of the date and time are uniform, and the date and time are in the same column. For example, the time is: 2016-9-10 10:30; (6) The naming rule is: AWS + site name. For hydro-meteorological network or site information, please refer to Liu et al. (2018). For observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, ZHANG Yang, TAN Junlei
This data set includes observation data of meteorological elements in the downstream desert station of Heihe Hydrometeorological Observation Network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. The site is located in the desert beach of Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia, and the underlying surface is desert. The latitude and longitude of the observation point is 100.9872E, 42.1135N, and the altitude is 1054m. The air temperature and relative humidity sensors are installed at 5m and 10m, facing the north; the barometer is installed at 2m; the tipping bucket rain gauge is installed at 10m; the wind speed sensor is set at 5m, 10m, and the wind direction sensor is set at 10m, facing the north; the four-component radiometer is installed at 6m, facing south; two infrared thermometers are installed at 6m, facing south, the probe orientation is vertically downward; the soil temperature probe is buried in the ground surface 0cm and underground 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm 40cm, 60cm and 100cm, in the south of the 2m from the meteorological tower; soil moisture sensors are buried in the underground 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 60cm and 100cm, in the south of the 2m from the meteorological tower; soil heat flux plates (3 pieces) are buried in the ground 6 cm in order. Observation items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m, Ta_10m, RH_10m) (unit: centigrade, percentage), air pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascal), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_5m, WS_10m) (unit: m / s), wind direction (WD_10m) (unit: degree), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts / square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2 ) (unit: centigrade), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts/square meter), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_60cm, Ms_100cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percentage) and soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_60cm, Ts_100cm) (unit: centigrade). Processing and quality control of the observation data: (1) ensure 144 data per day (every 10 minutes), when there is missing data, it is marked by -6999; (2) eliminate the moment with duplicate records; (3) delete the data that is obviously beyond the physical meaning or the range of the instrument; (5) the format of date and time is uniform, and the date and time are in the same column. For example, the time is: 2016-6-10 10:30; (6) the naming rules are: AWS+ site name. For hydrometeorological network or site information, please refer to Li et al. (2013). For observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
The data set includes the observation data of river water level and velocity at No.7 point in the dense observation of runoff in the middle reaches of Heihe River from January 1, 2015 to March 11, 2016. The sensor was abnormal at the end of 2014, and the commissioning was normal on March 25 after maintenance. The observation point is located in Heihe bridge, Pingchuan Township, Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. The riverbed is sandy gravel with unstable section. The longitude and latitude of the observation point are n39.331667 °, e100.099722 °, altitude 1375 meters, and channel width 130 meters. In 2015, sr50 ultrasonic distance meter was used for water level observation, with acquisition frequency of 30 minutes. Data description includes: Water level observation, observation frequency 30 minutes, unit (cm); The missing data are uniformly represented by the string -6999. For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Li et al.(2013), and for observation data processing, please refer to He et al.(2016).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, XU Ziwei
According to the principle of optimization of water diversion scheme and the economic, social and ecological development status of Heihe River Basin, the following three optimization schemes of water diversion scheme are proposed. In Scheme 1, the water consumption in the middle reaches is 630 million m3 in each coming year. In Scheme 2, the water consumption in the middle reaches is 180 million m3 and 60 million m3 in 90% and 75% coming years respectively. In Scheme 3, when the water consumption in Yingluo Gorge is more than 1.9 billion m3, the water consumption in excess of 1.9 billion m3 is distributed by 40% in the middle reaches and 60% in the lower reaches. At the same time, in order to maintain the annual average inflow of 1.58 billion m3 from Yingluo Gorge, 950 million m3 from Zhengyi Gorge, and when the inflow of Yingluo Gorge is less than 1.29 billion m3, 60% of the inflow of less than 1.29 billion m3 will be distributed in the middle reaches and 40% in the lower reaches.
JIANG Xiaohui
The data set contains meteorological observation data of zhangye wetland station in the middle reaches of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The site is located in zhangye national wetland park in gansu province.The latitude and longitude of the observation point is 100.4464E, 38.9751N, and altitude is 1460m.Air temperature and relative humidity sensors are set up at 5m and 10m, facing due north.The barometer is installed at 2m;The inverted bucket rain gauge is installed at 10m;The wind speed sensor is set up at 5m and 10m, and the wind direction sensor is set up at 10m, facing due north.The four-component radiometer is installed at 6m, facing due south;The two infrared thermometers are installed at the position of 6m, facing south, and the probe is facing vertically downward.The soil temperature probe is buried at 0cm on the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm and 40cm underground, in the south due to 2m from the meteorological tower.The soil hot flow plates (3) are successively buried in the ground 6cm;Four photosynthetic radiometers are installed above and inside the canopy respectively. The upper part of the canopy is installed at 6m (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), and the upper part of the canopy is installed at 0.25m (one probe vertically up and one probe vertically down), facing due south. Observation items are: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m RH_5m Ta_10m, RH_10m) (unit: c, percentage), pressure (Press) (unit: hundred mpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_5m, WS_10m) (unit: m/s), wind (WD_10m) (unit: degrees), the radiation of four component (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), the surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit:Degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts per square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm Ts_2cm Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm) (unit: c), the canopy on the up and down photosynthetic active radiation (PAR_U_up, PAR_U_down) (unit: second micromoles/m2) and up and down under canopy photosynthetic active radiation (PAR_D_up, PAR_D_down) (unit: second micromoles/m2). Processing and quality control of observation data :(1) ensure 144 data per day (every 10min). If data is missing, it will be marked by -6999;(2) eliminate the moments with duplicate records;(3) data that is obviously beyond the physical meaning or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked by red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) the format of date and time is uniform, and the date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 2016-6-10-10:30;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. Please refer to Li et al. (2013) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al. (2011) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
This data set contains meteorological observation data of meteorological elements from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 on the haihewen meteorological observation network in yaokou station.The station is located in da dong shu pass, qilian county, qinghai province.The latitude and longitude of the observation point are 100.2421E, 38.0142N, and 4148m above sea level.The published data included two observation points, both of which were in the observation station of mountain pass, about 10m apart. Specifically, the air temperature and relative humidity sensors were set up at 5m, facing due north (the two observation groups output 10min and 30min respectively).The barometer is installed in an anti-skid box on the ground (two groups of observation, 10min and 30min output respectively);The inverted bucket rain gauge is installed at 10m;The wind speed and direction sensor is set at 10m, facing due north (two groups, respectively 10min and 30min output);The four-component radiometer consists of two observation points, one of which is installed at the 6m position of the weather tower, facing due south (10min output), and the other is installed on a support 1.5m above the ground (30min output).The two infrared thermometers are installed at the position of 6m, facing south, and the probe is facing vertically downward.The soil temperature probe was buried at 0cm on the surface and 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground (the two groups were observed and output for 10min and 30min respectively).The soil moisture probes were buried in the ground at 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm (the two groups were observed and output for 10min and 30min respectively).The soil heat flux plates were buried 6cm underground (observed in two groups for 10min (3 heat flux plates) and 30min (2 heat flux plates) respectively). Observation items are: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m) (unit: c, percentage), pressure (Press) (unit: hundred mpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_10m) (unit: m/s), wind (WD_10m) (unit: degrees), the radiation of four component (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), the surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit:C), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts/m2), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm) (unit: Celsius), soil moisture (Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm) (unit: volume water content, percentage). Processing and quality control of observation data :(1) ensure 144 or 48 data per day (every 10min or 30min). If data is missing, it will be marked by -6999;(2) eliminate the moments with duplicate records;(3) data that is obviously beyond the physical meaning or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked by red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) the format of date and time is uniform, and the date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 10:30 on 10th September 2016;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. Please refer to Liu et al. (2018) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al. (2011) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, ZHANG Yang, TAN Junlei
This data set contains the eddy correlativity observation data of huazhaizi desert station in the middle reaches of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The station is located in zhangye city, gansu province.The longitude and latitude of the observation point are 100.3201E, 38.7659N and 1731.00m above sea level.The rack height of the vortex correlator is 4.5m, the sampling frequency is 10Hz, the ultrasonic orientation is due north, and the distance between the ultrasonic wind speed and temperature meter (CSAT3) and CO2/H2O analyzer (Li7500A) is 15cm. The original observation data of the vortex correlativity instrument is 10Hz, and the published data is the 30-minute data processed by Eddypro software. The main processing steps include: outliers, delay time correction, coordinate rotation (quadratic coordinate rotation), frequency response correction, ultrasonic virtual temperature correction and density (WPL) correction.Quality assessment for each intercompared to at the same time, mainly is the atmospheric stability (Δ st) and turbulent characteristics of similarity (ITC) test.The 30min pass value output by Eddypro software was also screened :(1) data when instrument error was eliminated;(2) data of 1h before and after precipitation are excluded;(3) remove the data with a missing rate of more than 10% in the original 10Hz data within every 30 minutes;(4) the observation data of weak turbulence at night (u* less than 0.1m/s) were excluded.The average observation period was 30 minutes, 48 data per day, and the missing data was marked as -6999.Suspicious data caused by instrument drift, etc., shall be marked in red font.On April 24, solstice and April 25, due to the calibration of vortex correlator Li7500A, data was missing.When the 10Hz data of the vortex correlator is missing, the data is filled by the data collected by the collector. The published observational data include:Date/Time for the Date/Time, wind Wdir (°), Wnd horizontal wind speed (m/s), standard deviation Std_Uy lateral wind speed (m/s), ultrasonic virtual temperature Tv (℃), the water vapor density H2O (g/m3), carbon dioxide concentration CO2 (mg/m3), friction velocity Ustar) (m/s), Mr. Hoff length L (m), sensible heat flux Hs (W/m2), latent heat flux LE (W/m2), carbon dioxide flux Fc (mg/(m2s)), the quality of the sensible heat flux identifier QA_Hs, the quality of the latent heat flux identifier QA_LE,Quality indicator for co2 flux QA_Fc.The quality of the sensible heat and latent heat, carbon dioxide flux identification is divided into three (quality id 0: (Δ st < 30, the ITC < 30);1: (Δ st < 100, ITC < 100);The rest is 2).The meaning of data time, such as 0:30 represents the average of 0:00-0:30;The data is stored in *.xls format. For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Li et al. (2013), and for observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
The data set contains the data of meteorological gradient observation system of sidaqiao superstation downstream of heihe hydrometeorological observation network from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.The station is located in the four Bridges of dalaihubu town, ejin banner, Inner Mongolia.The latitude and longitude of the observation point are 101.1374e, 42.0012n, and 873m above sea level.Air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed sensors are installed at 5m, 7m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 28m, with a total of 6 layers, facing due north.The wind sensor is installed at 15m, facing due north;The barometer is installed in the waterproof box;Dump-type rain gauge installed at 28m;The four-component radiometer is installed at 10m, facing due south;The two infrared thermometers are installed at 10m, facing due south, and the probe is facing vertically down.The two photosynthetic effective radiometers are installed at a location of 10m, facing due south, with the probes pointing vertically up and down, respectively.Part of the soil sensor is installed at 2m to the south of the tower body, in which the soil heat flow plate (self-calibration formal) (3 pieces) is successively buried at 6cm underground;The average soil temperature sensor TCAV is buried 2cm and 4cm underground.The soil temperature probe was buried at 0cm on the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm underground (200cm of soil temperature observation was added on April 22).Soil moisture sensors were embedded in the ground at 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 80cm, 120cm and 160cm respectively (add 200cm soil moisture observation on 22 April). The observation items are: wind speed (WS_5m, WS_7m, WS_10m, WS_15m, WS_20m, WS_28m) (unit: m/s), wind direction (WD_15m) (unit: degree), air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, Ta_7m, Ta_10m, Ta_15m, Ta_20m, Ta_28m and RH_5m, RH_7m, RH_10m, RH_15m, RH_20m, RH_28m) (unit: Celsius, percentage), air pressure (Press) (unit:Hundred mpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), the radiation of four component (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), the surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: c), up and down the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR_U_up, PAR_U_down) (unit: second micromoles/m2), the average soil temperature (TCAV) (unit: c), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit:W/m2), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm, Ms_200cm) (unit: volume water content, percentage), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm, Ts_200cm) (unit: Celsius). Processing and quality control of observation data :(1) ensure 144 data per day (every 10min). If data is missing, it will be marked by -6999;The soil temperature of 4cm was between May 21, 2016 and May 17, 2016.(2) eliminate the moments with duplicate records;(3) data that is obviously beyond the physical meaning or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked by red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) the format of date and time is uniform, and the date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 10:30 on 10th September 2016;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. Please refer to Li et al. (2013) for hydrometeorological network or site information, and Liu et al. (2011) for observation data processing.
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
This data set contains meteorological element observation data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 at the downstream mixed forest station of heihe hydrometeorological observation network.The station is located at sidao bridge, dalaihubu town, ejin banner, Inner Mongolia.The longitude and latitude of the observation point are 101.1335e, 41.9903n and 874m above sea level.The air temperature and relative humidity sensors are located at 28m, facing due north.The barometer is installed in the anti-skid box on the ground;Tilting bucket rain gauge installed at 28m;The wind speed and direction sensor is located at 28m, facing due north.The four-component radiometer is installed at 24m, facing due south;Two infrared thermometers are installed at 24m, facing due south and the probe facing vertically downward.Two photosynthetically active radiators were installed at a position of 24m, facing due south, with one probe vertically upward and one probe vertically downward.The soil temperature probe is buried at 0cm of the surface and 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 60cm and 100cm underground (observation at depths of 160cm,200cm and 240cm were increased on April 22), 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The soil water probe was buried 2cm, 4cm, 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 60cm and 100cm underground (observation at depths of 160cm,200cm and 240cm were increased on April 22), 2m to the south of the meteorological tower.The soil heat flow plates (3 pieces) are buried in the ground 6cm underground, 2m to the south of the meteorological tower. Observation items are: air temperature and humidity (Ta_28m, RH_28m) (unit: c, percentage), pressure (Press) (unit: hundred mpa), precipitation (Rain) (unit: mm), wind speed (WS_28m) (unit: m/s), wind (WD_28m) (unit: degrees), the radiation of four component (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), the surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit:C), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (in watts/m2), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_60cm, Ts_100cm, Ts_160cm, Ts_200cm, Ts_240cm) (in:C), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_60cm, Ms_100cm, Ms_160cm, Ms_200cm, Ms_240cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percentage), upward and downward photosynthetically active radiation (PAR_up, PAR_down) (unit: micromole/sq.s). Processing and quality control of observed data :(1) ensure 144 pieces of data every day (every 10min), and mark by -6999 in case of data missing;Due to the sensor problem, the wind direction was partly missing between April and April 21, 2016;The soil heat flux G1 is between 2.21-3.15, G2 is between 1.24-3.15, 4.4-4.22 and 12.1-12.21.(2) excluding the time with duplicate records;(3) data that obviously exceeds the physical significance or the range of the instrument is deleted;(4) the part marked with red letter in the data is the data in question;(5) date and time have the same format, and date and time are in the same column.For example, the time is: 2016-9-1010:30;(6) the naming rule is: AWS+ site name. For information of hydrometeorological network or station, please refer to Li et al. (2013), and for observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).
LIU Shaomin, LI Xin, CHE Tao, XU Ziwei, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei
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