On 1 August 2012, Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area. WIDAS includes a CCD camera with a spatial of resolution 0.08 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 0.4 m), and a thermal image camera with a spatial resolution of 2 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 3 August 2012, Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (5×5 km). WIDAS includes a CCD camera with a spatial resolution of 0.08 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 0.4 m), and a thermal image camera with a spatial resolution of 2 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 26 July 2012, Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (5×5 km). WIDAS includes a CCD camera with a spatial resolution of 0.2 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 1 m), and a thermal image camera with a spatial resolution of 4.8 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 25 August and 28 August, 2012, a RCD30 camera of Leica Company boarded on the Y-12 aircraft was used to obtain CCD image. RCD30 camera has a focal length of 80 mm and four bands including red, green, blue and near-infrared bands. The absolute flight altitude is 4800 and 5200 m, and ground sample distance is 6-19 cm. The product includes TIF images and exterior orientation elements.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 19 August 2012, a RCD30 camera of Leica Company boarded on the Y-12 aircraft was used to obtain the CCD image. RCD30 camera has a focal length of 80 mm and four bands including red, green, blue and near-infrared bands. The absolute flight altitude is 2900 m and ground sample distance is 10 cm. The data includes TIF images and exterior orientation elements.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 2 August 2012, Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (30×30 km). WIDAS includes a CCD camera with a spatial resolution of 0.26 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 1.3 m), and a thermal image camera with a spatial resolution of 6.3 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 25 August 2012, a RCD30 camera of Leica Company boarded on the Y-12 aircraft was utilized to obtain the optical remote sensing data. RCD30 camera has a focal length of 80 mm and four bands including red, green, blue and near-infrared bands. The absolute flight altitude is 5200 m and ground sample distance is 6-19 cm. The product includes TIF images and exterior orientation elements.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 25 August 2012, a RCD30 camera of Leica Company boarded on the Y-12 aircraft was used to obtain the CCD image. RCD30 camera has a focal length of 80 mm and four bands including red, green, blue and near-infrared bands. The absolute flight altitude is 4800 m and 5200 m, and ground sample distance is 8-19 cm. The product includes TIF images and exterior orientation elements.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
This dataset is the Fractional Vegetation Cover observation in the artificial oasis experimental region of the middle stream of the Heihe River Basin. The observations lasted for a vegetation growth cycle from May 2012 to September 2012 (UTC+8). Instruments and measurement method: Digital photography measurement is implemented to measure the FVC. Plot positions, photographic method and data processing method are dedicatedly designed. Details are described in the following: 0. In field measurements, a long stick with the camera mounted on one end is beneficial to conveniently measure various species of vegetation, enabling a larger area to be photographed with a smaller field of view. The stick can be used to change the camera height; a fixed-focus camera can be placed at the end of the instrument platform at the front end of the support bar, and the camera can be operated by remote control. 1. For row crop like corn, the plot is set to be 10×10 m2, and for the orchard, plot scale is 30×30 m2. Shoot 9 times along two perpendicularly crossed rectangular-belt transects. The picture generated of each time is used to calculate a FVC value. “True FVC” of the plot is then acquired as the average of these 9 FVC values. 2. The photographic method used depends on the species of vegetation and planting pattern: Low crops (<2 m) in rows in a situation with a small field of view (<30 ), rows of more than two cycles should be included in the field of view, and the side length of the image should be parallel to the row. If there are no more than two complete cycles, then information regarding row spacing and plant spacing are required. The FVC of the entire cycle, that is, the FVC of the quadrat, can be obtained from the number of rows included in the field of view. 3. High vegetation in rows (>2 m) Through the top-down photography of the low vegetation underneath the crown and the bottom-up photography beneath the tree crown, the FVC within the crown projection area can be obtained by weighting the FVC obtained from the two images. Next, the low vegetation between the trees is photographed, and the FVC that does not lie within the crown projection area is calculated. Finally, the average area of the tree crown is obtained using the tree crown projection method. The ratio of the crown projection area to the area outside the projection is calculated based on row spacing, and the FVC of the quadrat is obtained by weighting. 4. FVC extraction from the classification of digital images. Many methods are available to extract the FVC from digital images, and the degree of automation and the precision of identification are important factors that affect the efficiency of field measurements. This method, which is proposed by the authors, has the advantages of a simple algorithm, a high degree of automation and high precision, as well as ease of operation.
MU Xihan, HUANG Shuai, MA Mingguo
The dataset includes the fractional vegetation cover data generated from the stations of crop land, wetland, Gebi desert and desert steppe in Yingke Oasis and biomass data generated from the stations of crop land (corn) and wetland. The observations lasted for a vegetation growth cycle from 19 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012. 1. Fractional vegetation cover observation 1.1 Observation time 1.1.1 Station of the crop land: The observations lasted from 20 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012, and in five-day periods for each observation before 31 July and in ten-day periods for each observation after 31 July. The observation time for the station of crop land (corn) are 2013-5-20, 2013-5-25, 2013-5-30, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-10, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-22, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-2, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-12, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 1.1.2 The other four stations: The observations lasted from 20 May, 2012 to 15 September, 2012 and in ten-day periods for each observation. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-5-20, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 1.2 method 1.2.1 Instruments and measurement method Digital photography measurement is implemented to measure the FVC. Plot positions, photographic method and data processing method are dedicatedly designed. In field measurements, a long stick with the camera mounted on one end is beneficial to conveniently measure various species of vegetation, enabling a larger area to be photographed with a smaller field of view. The stick can be used to change the camera height; a fixed-focus camera can be placed at the end of the instrument platform at the front end of the support bar, and the camera can be operated by remote control. 1.2.2 Design of the samples Three and two plots with the area of 10×10 m^2 were measured for the station of the crop land and wetland, respectively. One plot with the area of 10×10 m^2 was measured for the other three stations. Shoot 9 times along two perpendicularly crossed rectangular-belt transects. The picture generated of each time is used to calculate a FVC value. “True FVC” of the plot is then acquired as the average of these 9 FVC values. 1.2.3 Photographic method The photographic method used depends on the species of vegetation and planting pattern. A long stick with the camera mounted on one end is used for the stations of crop land and wetland. For the station of the crop land, rows of more than two cycles should be included in the field of view (<30), and the side length of the image should be parallel to the row. If there are no more than two complete cycles, then information regarding row spacing and plant spacing are required. The FVC of the entire cycle, that is, the FVC of the quadrat, can be obtained from the number of rows included in the field of view. For other three stations, the photos of FVC were obtained by directly photographing for the lower heights of the vegetation. 1.2.4 Method for calculating the FVC The FVC calculation was implemented by the Beijing Normal University. The detail method can be found in the reference below. Many methods are available to extract the FVC from digital images, and the degree of automation and the precision of identification are important factors that affect the efficiency of field measurements. This method, which is proposed by the authors, has the advantages of a simple algorithm, a high degree of automation and high precision, as well as ease of operation (see the reference). 2. Biomass observation 2.1. Observation time 2.1.1 Station of the crop land: The observations lasted from 20 May 2012 to 15 September 2012, and in five-day periods for each observation before 31 July and in ten-day periods for each observation after 31 July. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-5-25, 2013-5-30, 2013-6-5, 2013-6-10, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-22, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-2, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-12, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 2.1.2 The station of wetland: The observations lasted from 20 May 2012 to 15 September 2012, and in ten-day periods for each observation. The observation time for the crop land are 2013-6-5, 2013-6-16, 2013-6-27, 2013-7-7, 2013-7-17, 2013-7-27, 2013-8-3, 2013-8-13, 2013-8-25, 2013-9-5 and 2013-9-15. 2.2. Method Station of the crop land: Three plots were selected and three strains of corn for each observation were random selected for each plot to measure the fresh weight (the aboveground biomass and underground biomass) and dry weight. Per unit biomass can be obtained according to the planting structure. Station of the wetland: Two plots of reed with the area of 0.5 m × 0.5 m were random selected for each observation. The reed of the two plots was cut to measure the fresh weight (the aboveground biomass) and dry weight. 2.3. Instruments Balance (accuracy 0.01 g); drying oven 3. Data storage All observation data were stored in excel. Other data including plant spacing, row spacing, seeding time, irrigation time, the time of cutting male parent and the harvest time of the corn for the station of cropland were also stored in the excel.
GENG Liying, Jia Shuzhen, Li Yimeng, MA Mingguo
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 1 August, 2012, located in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 8:30 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 12:30 pm, with the flight time of 4 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 1000 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 300 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
This dataset includes the emissivity spectrum (8-14 µm) of typical ground objects in Zhangye City, Zhangye airport, desert and farmland at Wuxing experiment area. The data was measured by the BOMEM MR304 FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer). A. Objective The objective of the thermal infrared (TIR) spectrum measurement lies in: Radiometric calibration for the airborne TIR sensor, land surface emissivity products validation and collecting typical surface spectrum working as priori knowledge in land surface temperature inversion and ecological and hydrological models. B. Instruments and theory Instruments: BOMEM MR304 FTIR, Mikron M340 blackbody, BODACH BDB blackbody, diffused golden plate, Fluke 50-series II thermometer Measurement theory: The target radiance is directly measured by the MR304 FTIR under clear-sky condition while the atmospheric downward radiance is obtained through a diffused golden plate, and emissivity is retrieved by the Iterative Spectrally Smooth Temperature and Emissivity Separation (ISSTES) algorithm C. Experiment site and targets 29-5-2012: Stone bricks, grassland and asphalt, etc at square of Zhangye. 20-6-2012: Roof of the building in Zhangye, water and sand sample collected from the desert, etc. 30-6-2012: Cement road at Zhangye airport, desert around the Zhangye airport. 3-7-2012: Corn leaves, soil and road in the farmland at Wuxing village, Zhangye City. 4-7-2012: Corn leaves, wheat canopy at Xiaoman town, Zhangye City. 10-7-2012: Bricks of Runquanhu park, Zhangye City. 13-7-2012: Corn leaves and other plants at Wuxing village, Zhangye City. D. Data processing The original data collected by BOMEM FTIR is firstly calibrated using the calibration data and get the radiance spectrum of the targets and sky (*.rad), then, the radiance data is converted to the easy readably text file (ASCII format). The time used in this dataset is in UTC+8 Time.
MA Mingguo, XIAO Qing
During lidar and widas flight in summer 2012, the ground synchronously carried out the continuous observation of differential GPS of ground base station, and obtained the synchronous GPS static observation data, which is used to support the synchronous solution of aviation flight data. Measuring instrument: Two sets of triple R8 GNSS system. Zgp8001 sets Time and place of measurement: On July 19, 2012, EC matrix lidar flew and observed at mjwxb (northwest of Maojiawan) and sbmz (shibamin) two base stations at the same time On July 25, 2012, lidar of hulugou small watershed and tianmuchi small watershed in the upper reaches flew, observed in XT Xiatang, lidar of Zhangye City calibration field in the middle reaches, and observed in mjwxb (northwest of Maojiawan) On July 26, 2012, lidar flight of hulugou small watershed and tianmuchi small watershed in the upper reaches was observed in XT Xiatang, lidar flight of Zhangye City calibration field in the middle reaches was observed in HCZ (railway station) On August 1, 2012, the upper east and West branches of widas flew and observed in yng (yeniugou) On August 2, 2012, the midstream EC matrix test area widas flew and observed in HCZ (railway station) On August 3, 2012, the midstream EC matrix test area widas flew and observed in mjwxb (northwest Maojiawan) Data format: Original data format before differential preprocessing.
LIU Xiangfeng, MA Mingguo
The first dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe on 28-29 June, 7, 10, 26 July, 2 August, 2012 (UTC+8). The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) mission was obtained in the Linze Inland River Basin Comprehensive Research Station on 3 July, 2012. PLMR is a dual-polarization (H/V) airborne microwave radiometer with a frequency of 1.413 GHz, which can provide multi-angular observations with 6 beams at ±7º, ±21.5º and ±38.5º. The PLMR spatial resolution (beam spot size) is approximately 0.3 times the altitude, and the swath width is about twice the altitude. The measurements were conducted in the southwest part of the Zhangye Oasis, which included two sampling plots. One was located in Gobi desert with an area of 1 km × 1 km. Due to its homogeneous landscape, around 10 points were sampled to acquire the situation of soil water content. The other sampling plot was designed in farmlands with a dominant plant type of maize. Ground measurements took place along 16 transects, which were arranged parallelly with an interval of 160 m between each other in the east-west direction. In each 2.4 km long transect, soil moisture was sampled at every 80 m in the north-south direction. Steven Hydro probes were used to collect soil moisture and other measurements. For each sampling point in farmland, two measurements were acquired within an area of 1 m2, with one for the soil covered by plastic film (point name was tagged as LXPXXA) and the other for exposed soil (point name was tagged as LXPXXB). The field campaign started from 11:00 AM, but stopped at 4:00 PM on 28 June because of rain. The rest of measurements were completed from 10:30 AM to 5:30 PM on 29 June. Concurrently with soil moisture sampling, vegetation properties were measured at around 10 locations within the farmland sampling plot. Observation items included: Soil parameters: volumetric soil moisture (inherently converted from measured soil dielectric constant), soil temperature, soil dielectric constant, soil electric conductivity. Vegetation parameters: biomass, vegetation water content, canopy height. Data and data format: This dataset includes two parts of measurements, i.e. soil and vegetation parameters. The former is as shapefile, with measured items stored in its attribute table. The measured vegetation parameters are recorded in an Excel file.
WANG Shuguo, LI Xin
This dataset includes the emissivity spectrum of typical ground objects in middle researches of the Heihe river basin. This dataset was acquired in oasis, desert, Gobi and wetland of experiment area. Time range starts from 2012-05-25 to 2012-07-18 (UTC+8). Instrument: MODEL 102F PORTABLE FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer), Handheld infrared thermometer. Measurement methods: at the first step, measure the thermal radiance of cold blackbody, warm blackbody, sample and gold plate (Downwelling Radiance). The radiance of cold blackbody and warm blackbody was used to calibrate the instrument, and eliminate the “noise” caused by the device itself. The retrieval of emissivity and temperature was then performed using iterative spectrally smooth temperature-emissivity separation (ISSTES) algorithm. The retrieved emissivity spectrum range from 8 to 14 μm, with spectral resolution of 4cm-1. Dataset contains the original recorded spectra (in ASCII format) and the log files (in doc format). The processed data are emissivity curves (ASCII) that ranged from 8 to 14 μm, and the temperatures of samples. Thermal photos of the sample, digital photo of the scene and the object are recorded in some cases.
MA Mingguo
On 3 August 2012 (UTC+8), a Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (5×5 km). WIDAS includes an CCD cameras with spatial resolution 0.08 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 0.4 m), and a thermal image camera with spatial resolution 2 m. The CCD camera data production are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification. The mutispectral camera data production are recorded in reflectance processed by atmospheric and geometric correction. Thermal image camera data production are recorded in radiation brightness temperature processed by atmospheric and geometric correction.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 19 July 2012, Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second ,third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The relative flight altitude is 1500 m (the elevation of 2700 m) with the point cloud density 4 points per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset includes the chlorophyll content of vegetation in different site which has different types of vegetation, acquired on 8 July, 2012, in order to validate the Chlorophyll products. Observation instruments: Sampling, Acetone extraction method Measurement methods: To analyze the influence height on chlorophyll , we select 12 different corn samples based on the height of corn. To compare the chlorophyll content of different types of vegetation, we also select 3 types of vegetation sample on the first EC tower, 1 beans sample near the seventeenth EC tower and 3 reed samples on wetland. A total of selected 19 different samples are analyzed in the laboratory in the College of Life Science, Hexi. We extract chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the content of total chlorophyll of selected samples. Dataset contents: Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the content of total chlorophyll Measurement time: 8 July, 2012
Jia Shuzhen
This data includes the coverage data set of vegetation in one growth cycle in five stations of Daman super station, wetland, desert, desert and Gobi, and the biomass data set of maize and wetland reed in one growth cycle in Daman super station. The observation time starts from May 10, 2014 and ends on September 11, 2014. 1 coverage observation 1.1 observation time 1.1.1 super station: the observation period is from May 10 to September 11, 2014. Before July 20, the observation is once every five days. After July 20, the observation is once every 10 days. A total of 17 observations are made. The specific observation time is as follows:; Super stations: May 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 10, 15, 20, 20, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 7, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15 1.1.2 other four stations: the observation period is from May 20 to September 15, 2014, once every 10 days, and 11 observations have been made in total. The specific observation time is as follows:; Other four stations: May 10, 2014, May 20, 2014, May 30, 2014, June 10, 2014, June 20, 2014, June 30, July 10, 2014, July 20, August 5, 2014, August 17, 2014, September 11, 2014 1.2 observation method 1.2.1 measuring instruments and principles: The digital camera is placed on the instrument platform at the front end of the simple support pole to keep the shooting vertical and downward and remotely control the camera measurement data. The observation frame can be used to change the shooting height of the camera and realize targeted measurement for different types of vegetation. 1.2.2 design of sample Super station: take 3 plots in total, the sample size of each plot is 10 × 10 meters, take photos along two diagonal lines in turn each time, take 9-10 photos in total; Wetland station: take 2 sample plots, each plot is 10 × 10 meters in size, and take 9-10 photos for each survey; 3 other stations: select 1 sample plot, each sample plot is 10 × 10 meters in size, and take 9-10 photos for each survey; 1.2.3 shooting method For the super station corn and wetland station reed, the observation frame is directly used to ensure that the camera on the observation frame is far higher than the vegetation crown height. Samples are taken along the diagonal in the square quadrat, and then the arithmetic average is made. In the case of a small field angle (< 30 °), the field of view includes more than 2 ridges with a full cycle, and the side length of the photo is parallel to the ridge; in the other three sites, due to the relatively low vegetation, the camera is directly used to take pictures vertically downward (without using the bracket). 1.2.4 coverage calculation The coverage calculation is completed by Beijing Normal University, and an automatic classification method is adopted. For details, see article 1 of "recommended references". By transforming RGB color space to lab space which is easier to distinguish green vegetation, the histogram of green component A is clustered to separate green vegetation and non green background, and the vegetation coverage of a single photo is obtained. The advantage of this method lies in its simple algorithm, easy to implement and high degree of automation and precision. In the future, more rapid, automatic and accurate classification methods are needed to maximize the advantages of digital camera methods. 2 biomass observation 2.1 observation time 2.1.1 corn: the observation period is from May 10 to September 11, 2014, once every 5 days before July 20, and once every 10 days after July 20. A total of 17 observations have been made. The specific observation time is as follows:; Super stations: May 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 10, 15, 20, 20, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 7, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15 2.1.2 Reed: the observation period is from May 20 to September 15, 2014, once every 10 days, and 11 observations have been made in total. The specific observation time is as follows:; 2014-5-10、2014-5-20、2014-5-30、2014-6-10、2014-6-20、2014-6-30、2014-7-10、2014-7-20、2014-8-5、2014-8-17、2014-9-11 2.2 observation method Corn: select three sample plots, and select three corn plants that represent the average level of each sample plot for each observation, respectively weigh the fresh weight (aboveground biomass + underground biomass) and the corresponding dry weight (85 ℃ constant temperature drying), and calculate the biomass of unit area corn according to the plant spacing and row spacing; Reed: set two 0.5m × 0.5m quadrats, cut them in the same place, and weigh the fresh weight (stem and leaf) and dry weight (constant temperature drying at 85 ℃) of reed respectively. 2.3 observation instruments Balance (accuracy 0.01g), oven. 3 data storage All the observation data were recorded in the excel table first, and then stored in the excel table. At the same time, the data of corn planting structure was sorted out, including the plant spacing, row spacing, planting time, irrigation time, except for the parent time, harvesting time and other relevant information.
YU Wenping, GENG Liying, Li Yimeng, TAN Junlei, MA Mingguo
This dataset includes two reference images. The first one is before the calibration and validation experiment and the second one is during the calibration and validation experiment. The first image was shoot and mosaicked by CCD camera on 8 November, 2011. It was mainly used to design the experiment in the middle stream. The spatial resolution is 0.3 m for raw image and 0.5 m for the mosaicked image. The second reference image is CASI image shoot on 29 June, 2012. This image is mainly used to crop structure mapping in the experiment area. The spatial resolution is 0.3 m for raw image and 0.5 m for the mosaicked image. Data format：GeoTIFF Projection：The 2000 national geodetic coordinate system
MA Mingguo
On 19 August 2012 (UTC+8), Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second, third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The absolute flight altitude is 2900 m with the point cloud density 1 point per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On August 2, 2012, airborne ground synchronous observation was carried out in plmr quadrats of Yingke oasis and huazhaizi desert. Plmr (polarimetric L-band multibeam radiometer) is a dual polarized (H / V) L-band microwave radiometer, with a center frequency of 1.413 GHz, a bandwidth of 24 MHz, a resolution of 1 km (relative altitude of 3 km), six beam simultaneous observations, an incidence angle of ± 7 °, ± 21.5 °, ± 38.5 °, and a sensitivity of < 1K. The flight mainly covers the middle reaches of the artificial oasis eco hydrological experimental area. The local synchronous data set can provide the basic ground data set for the development and verification of passive microwave remote sensing soil moisture inversion algorithm. Quadrat and sampling strategy: The observation area is located in the transition zone between the southern edge of Zhangye Oasis and anyangtan desert, on the west side of Zhangye Daman highway, and across the trunk canal of Longqu in the north and the south, which is divided into two parts. In the southwest, there is a 1 km × 1 km desert quadrat. Because the desert is relatively homogeneous, here 1 The soil moisture of 5 points (1 point and center point around each side, and several more points can be measured during walking along the road in the actual measurement process) is collected in KM quadrat. The four corner points are 600 m apart from each other except the diagonal direction. The southwest corner point is huazhaizi desert station, which is convenient to compare with the data of meteorological station. On the northeast side, a large sample with an area of 1.6km × 1.6km was selected to carry out synchronous observation on the underlying surface of oasis. The selection of quadrat is mainly based on the consideration of the representativeness of surface coverage, avoiding residential buildings and greenhouses as much as possible, crossing oasis farmland and some deserts in the south, accessibility, and observation (road consumption) time, so as to obtain the comparison of brightness and temperature with plmr observation. Considering the resolution of plmr observation, 11 splines (east-west distribution) were collected at the interval of 160 m in the east-west direction. Each line has 21 points (north-south direction) at the interval of 80 M. four hydraprobe data acquisition systems (HDAS, reference 2) were used for simultaneous measurement. Measurement content: About 230 points on the quadrat were obtained, each point was observed twice, that is to say, two times were observed at each sampling point, one time was inside the film (marked as a in the data record) and one time was outside the film (marked as B in the data record). As the HDAS system uses pogo portable soil sensor, the soil temperature, soil moisture (volume moisture content), loss tangent, soil conductivity, real part and virtual part of soil complex dielectric are observed. No synchronous vegetation sampling was carried out on that day. Data: This data set consists of two parts: soil moisture observation and vegetation observation. The former saves data in vector file format, and the spatial location is the location of each sampling point (WGS84 + UTM 47N). Soil moisture and other measurement information are recorded in attribute file.
WANG Shuguo, MA Mingguo, LI Xin
The object of this dataset is to support the atmospheric correction data for the satellite and airborne remote-sensing. It provides the atmospheric aerosol and the column content of water vapor. The dataset is sectioned into two parts: the conventional observations data and the observations data synchronized with the airborne experiments. The instrument was on the roof of the 7# in the Wuxing Jiayuan community from 1 to 24 in June. After 25 June, it was moved to the ditch in the south of the Supperstaiton 15. The dataset provide the raw observations data and the retrieval data which contains the atmosphere aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the wavebands at the center of 1640 nm, 1020 nm, 936 nm, 870 nm, 670 nm, 500 nm, 440 nm, 380 nm and 340 nm, respectively, and the water vapor content is retrieved from the band data with a centroid wavelength of 936 nm. The continuous data was obtained from the 1 June to 20 September in 2012 with a one minute temporal resolution. The time used in this dataset is in UTC+8 Time. Instrument: The sun photometer is employed to measure the character of atmosphere. In HiWATER, the CE318-NE was used.
YU Wenping, WANG Zengyan, MA Mingguo
On July 3, 2012, airborne ground synchronous observation was carried out in plmr sample belt near Linze station. Plmr (polarimetric L-band multibeam radiometer) is a dual polarized (H / V) L-band microwave radiometer, with a center frequency of 1.413 GHz, a bandwidth of 24 MHz, a resolution of 1 km (relative altitude of 3 km), six beam simultaneous observations, an incidence angle of ± 7 °, ± 21.5 °, ± 38.5 °, and a sensitivity of < 1K. The local synchronous data set can provide the basic ground data set for the development and verification of passive microwave remote sensing soil moisture inversion algorithm. Quadrat and sampling strategy: According to the typical ground surface type represented by three points near Linze station and taking part of neutron tube observation into account, the three routes from northwest to southeast are designed, with an interval of 200 m, a design altitude of about 300 m and a plmr ground resolution of 100 m. According to the observation characteristics of the route and plmr, three observation transects are designed on both sides of the route, each of which is about 6 km long. From west to East are L1, L2 and L3 respectively. Among them, L1 and L2 are centered on the middle route, 80 m apart; L2 and L3 are 200 m apart. Four hydroprobe data acquisition systems (HDAS, ref. 2) were used to measure at the same time. Measurement content: About 4500 points on the sample belt were obtained, each point was observed twice, that is to say, in each sampling point, once in the film (marked as a in the data record) and once out of the film (marked as B in the data record). As the HDAS system uses pogo portable soil sensor, the soil temperature, soil moisture (volume moisture content), loss tangent, soil conductivity, real part and virtual part of soil complex dielectric are observed. Vegetation parameter observation was carried out in some representative soil water sampling points, and the measurement of plant height and biomass (vegetation water content) was completed. Note: the observation date coincides with the irrigation of large area of farmland in this area, which makes it difficult for the observer to move forward, the field block is difficult to enter, and the observation point position deviates from the preset point position. Data: This data set includes two parts: soil moisture observation and vegetation observation. The former saves the data format as a vector file, the spatial location is the location of each sampling point (WGS84 + UTM 47N), and the measurement information of soil moisture is recorded in the attribute file; the vegetation sampling information is recorded in the excel table.
WANG Shuguo, MA Mingguo, LI Xin
On 7 July 2012 (UTC+8), a CASI/SASI sensor boarded on the Y-12 aircraft was used to obtain the visible/near Infrared hyperspectral image, which is located in the observation experimental area. The relative flight altitude is 2000 meters, The wavelength of CASI and SASI is 380-1050 nm and 950-2450 nm, respectively. The spatial resolution of CASI and SASI is 1 m and 2.4 m, respectively. Through the ground sample points and atmospheric data, the data product are recorded in reflectance processed by geometric correction and atmospheric correction based on 6S model.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 3 July, 2012, located along the riverway of Heihe River in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 11:40 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 14:10 pm, with the flight time of 2.5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 350 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 100 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 2 August, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 9:00 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 14:00 pm, with the flight time of 5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2300 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 700 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
On 1 August 2012 (UTC+8), a Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin. WIDAS includes a CCD camera with a spatial resolution of 0.08 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 0.4 m), and a thermal image camera with a spatial resolution of 2 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification. The mutispectral camera data production are recorded in reflectance processed by atmospheric and geometric correction. Thermal image camera data production are recorded in radiation brightness temperature processed by atmospheric and geometric correction.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 30 June, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 13:10 pm (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 18:40 pm, with the flight time of 5.5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2500 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 750 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 4 July, 2012, located along the riverway of Heihe River in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 10:50 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 14:50 pm, with the flight time of 4 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 1000 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 300 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 5 July, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 10:50 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 12:20 pm, with the flight time of 1.5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2000 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 600 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
This data set includes the continuous observation data set of soil texture, roughness and surface temperature measured by the vehicle borne microwave radiometer on November 15-16, 2013 in the farmland of jiushe, Kangning, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. The surface temperature includes the soil temperature data observed by the temperature sensor at the soil depth of 0 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm. The time frequency of conventional observation of soil temperature is 5 minutes. Data details: 1. Time: November 15-16, 2013 2. data: Bright temperature: observed by vehicle mounted multi frequency passive microwave radiometer, including 6.925, 18.7 and 36.5ghz v-polarization and H-polarization data (10.65ghz band instrument damaged) Soil temperature: use the sensor installed on dt85 to measure the soil temperature of 0cm, 1cm, 3cm, 5cm and 10cm Soil texture: soil samples measured in Beijing Normal University Soil roughness: measured by roughness meter provided by northeast geography 3. Data size: 4.8m 4. Data format:. Xls
ZHAO Shaojie, KOU Xiaokang, YE Qinyu, MA Mingguo
On July 26, 2012, the airborne ground synchronous observation was carried out in the plmr quadrat in the dense observation area of Daman. Plmr (polarimetric L-band multibeam radiometer) is a dual polarized (H / V) L-band microwave radiometer, with a center frequency of 1.413 GHz, a bandwidth of 24 MHz, a resolution of 1 km (relative altitude of 3 km), six beam simultaneous observations, an incidence angle of ± 7 °, ± 21.5 °, ± 38.5 °, and a sensitivity of < 1K. The flight mainly covers the middle reaches of the artificial oasis eco hydrological experimental area. The local synchronous data set can provide the basic ground data set for the development and verification of passive microwave remote sensing soil moisture inversion algorithm. Quadrat and sampling strategy: The observation area is located in the matrix of the dense observation area of Daman, and the detailed plan with an area of 3.0KM × 2.4km is selected to carry out synchronous observation on the underlying surface of oasis. The selection of the sample is mainly based on the representativeness of the surface coverage, accessibility and observation (road consumption) time, so as to obtain the comparison of brightness and temperature with plmr observation. Considering the resolution of plmr observation, 5 splines (east-west distribution) were collected at an interval of 450 m in the east-west direction. Each line has 31 points (north-south direction) at an interval of 100 m, and 5 hydraprobe data acquisition systems (HDAS, reference 2) were used for simultaneous measurement. Measurement content: About 150 points on the quadrat were obtained, each point was observed twice, that is to say, two times were observed at each sampling point, one time was inside the film (marked as a in the data record) and one time was outside the film (marked as B in the data record). As the HDAS system uses pogo portable soil sensor, the soil temperature, soil moisture (volume moisture content), loss tangent, soil conductivity, real part and imaginary part of soil complex dielectric are observed. Because the vegetation in this area has been sampled and observed once every five days, no special vegetation synchronous sampling has been carried out on that day. Data: This data set consists of two parts: soil moisture observation and vegetation observation. The former saves data in vector file format, and the spatial location is the location of each sampling point (WGS84 + UTM 47N). Soil moisture and other measurement information are recorded in attribute file.
WANG Shuguo, MA Mingguo, LI Xin
On 2 August 2012 (UTC+8), a Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (30×30 km). WIDAS includes an CCD cameras with spatial resolution 0.26 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 1.3 m), and a thermal image camera with spatial resolution 6.3 m. The CCD camera data production are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification. The mutispectral camera data production are recorded in reflectance processed by atmospheric and geometric correction. Thermal image camera data production are recorded in radiation brightness temperature processed by atmospheric and geometric correction.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 10 July, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 10:30 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 15:30 pm, with the flight time of 5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2500 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 750 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
On 29 June 2012 (UTC+8), a CASI/SASI sensor carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared hyperspectral airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the observation experimental area (30×30 km). The relative flight altitude is 3500 meters（an elevation of 3500 meters）, The wavelength of CASI and SASI is 380-1050 nm and 950-2450 nm, respectively. The spatial resolution of CASI and SASI is 1 m and 2.4 m, respectively. Through the ground sample points and atmospheric data, the data are recorded in reflectance processed by geometric correction and atmospheric correction based on 6S model.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 26 July, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 9:10 am (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 13:40 pm, with the flight time of 4.5 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2300 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 700 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
The aim of the simultaneous observation of land surface temperature is obtaining the land surface temperature of different kinds of underlying surface, including greenhouse film, the roof, road, ditch, concrete floor and so on, while the sensor of thermal infrared go into the experimental areas of artificial oases eco-hydrology on the middle stream. All the land surface temperature data will be used for validation of the retrieved land surface temperature from thermal infrared sensor and the analysis of the scale effect of the land surface temperature, and finally serve for the validation of the plausibility checks of the surface temperature product from remote sensing. 1. Observation time and other details On 25 June, 2012, ditch and asphalt road surface temperatures were observed once every five minutes using handheld infrared thermometers recorded. On 26 June, 2012, ditch and asphalt road surface temperatures were observed once every five minutes using handheld infrared thermometers while greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer. On 29 June, 2012, concrete floor surface temperatures were observed continuously using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer. On 30 June, 2012, asphalt road, ditch, bare soil, melonry and ridge of field surface temperatures were observed continuously using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer. On 10 July, 2012, asphalt road, ditch, bare soil, melonry and ridge of field surface temperatures were observed once every one minute using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. On 26 July, 2012, asphalt road, concrete floor, bare soil and melonry surface temperatures were observed once every one minute using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. On 2 August, 2012, corn field and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed using handheld infrared thermometers. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. For corn field, twelve sites were selected according to the flight strip of the WiDAS sensor, and for each site one plot surface temperatures were recorded continuously during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region. On 3 August, 2012, corn field and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed using handheld infrared thermometers. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. For corn field, fourteen sites were selected according to the flight strip of the WiDAS sensor, and for each site three plots surface temperatures were recorded continuously during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region. 2. Instrument parameters and calibration The field of view of the self-recording point thermometer and the handheld infrared thermometer are 10 and 1 degree, respectively. The emissivity of the latter was assumed to be 0.95. The observation heights of the self-recording point thermometer for the greenhouse film and the concrete floor were 0.5 m and 1 m, respectively. All instruments were calibrated three times (on 6 July, 5 August and 20 September, 2012) using black body during observation. 3. Data storage All the observation data were stored in excel.
GENG Liying, Jia Shuzhen, WANG Haibo, PENG Li, Dong Cunhui
The dataset of airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometers (PLMR) was acquired on 7 July, 2012, located in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The aircraft took off at 13:40 pm (UTC+8) from Zhangye airport and landed at 17:40 pm, with the flight time of 4 hours. The flight was performed in the altitude of about 2000 m and at the speed of about 220-250 km during the observation, corresponding to an expected ground resolution of about 600 m. The PLMR instrument flown on a small aircraft operates at 1.413 GHz (L-band), with both H- and V-polarizations at incidence angles of ±7.5°, ±21.5° and ±38.5°. PLMR ‘warm’ and ‘cold’ calibrations were performed before and after each flight. The processed PLMR data include 2 DAT files (v-pol and h-pol separately) and 1 KMZ file for each flying day. The DAT file contains all the TB values together with their corresponding beam ID, incidence angle, location, time stamp (in UTC) and other flight attitude information as per headings. The KMZ file shows the gridded 1-km TB values corrected to 38.5 degrees together with flight lines. Cautions should be taken when using these data, as the RFI contaminations are often higher than expected at v-polarization.
CHE Tao, Gao Ying, LI Xin
On 26 July 2012, a Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner (WIDAS) carried by the Y-12 aircraft was used in a visible near Infrared thermal Dual-mode airborne remote sensing experiment, which is located in the artificial oasis eco-hydrology experimental area (5×5 km). WIDAS includes an CCD cameras with spatial resolution 0.2 m, a visible near Infrared multispectral camera with five bands scanner (an maximum observation angle 48° and spatial resolution 1 m), and a thermal image camera with spatial resolution 4.8 m. The CCD camera data are recorded in DN values processed by mosaic and orthorectification. The multispectral camera data are recorded in reflectance processed by atmospheric and geometric correction. Thermal image camera data are recorded in radiation brightness temperature processed by atmospheric and geometric correction.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
This data set is typical specific emissivity data set of Heihe River Basin. Data observation is from March 25, 2014 to June 30, 2015. Instrument: Portable Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (102f), hand-held infrared thermometer Measurement method: 102f was used to measure the radiation values of cold blackbody, warm blackbody, observation target and gold plate. Using the radiation value of the cold and warm blackbody, the 102f is calibrated to eliminate the influence of the instrument's own emission. By using the iterative inversion algorithm based on smoothness, the specific emissivity and the object temperature are inversed. The specific emissivity range is 8-14 μ m, and the resolution is 4cm-1. This data set contains the original radiation curves (in ASCII format) and recording files of cold blackbody, warm blackbody, measured target and gold plate obtained by 102f.
YU Wenping, REN Zhiguo, TAN Junlei, Li Yimeng, WANG Haibo, MA Mingguo
This data set includes the continuous observation data set of light temperature and surface temperature and humidity measured by the vehicle borne microwave radiometer from November 10 to 14, 2013 in aroucaochang, arouxiang, Qilian County, Qinghai Province. The surface temperature and humidity include six layers of temperature sensor at the soil depth of 1cm, 3cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and six layers of humidity sensor at the soil depth of 0-5cm. The time frequency of routine observation of soil temperature and humidity is 5 minutes. Data details: 1. Time: November 10-14, 2013 2. data: Brightness temperature: observed by vehicle mounted multi frequency passive microwave radiometer, including 6.925, 10.65, 18.7 and 36.5ghz V polarization and H polarization data Soil temperature: use the sensor installed on dt80 and dt85 to measure the soil temperature of 1cm, 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, and 1cm, 3cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, which is measured by the sensor connected to dt80 Soil moisture: use h-probe sensor to measure 0-5cm soil moisture, the probe can measure 0-5cm soil temperature at the same time 3. Data size: 16.7M 4. Data format:. Xls
ZHAO Shaojie, KOU Xiaokang, YE Qinyu, MA Mingguo
The dataset of sun photometer observations was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas. 24 times observations were carried out by CE318 from BNU (at 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm, and column water vapor by 936 nm data) and from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, CAS (at 1640nm, 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm, 550nm, 440nm, 380nm and 340nm, and column water vapor by 936 nm data) on May 20, 23, 25 and 27, Jun. 4, 6, 16, 20, 22, 23, 27 and 29, Jul. 1, 7 and 11, 2008. Those atmospheric measurements synchronized with airborne (i.e. WiDAS, OMIS) and spaceborne sensors (i.e. TM, ASTER,CHRIS and Hyperion) Accuracy of CE318 could be influenced by local air pressure, instrument calibration parameters, and convertion factors. (1) Most air pressure was derived from elevation-related empiricism, which was not reliable. For more accurate result, simultaneous data from the weather station are needed. (2) Errors from instrument calibration parameters. Field calibration based on Langly or interior instrument calibrationcin the standard light is required. (3) Convertion factors for retrieval of aerosol optical depth and the water vapor of the water vapor channel were also from empiricism, and need further checking. Raw data were archived in k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for details. Preprocessed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. Langley was used for the instrument calibration. Two parts are included in CE318 result data (see Geometric Positions and the Total Optical Depth of Each Channel and Rayleigh Scattering and Aerosol Optical Depth of Each Channel).
REN Huazhong, YAN Guangkuo, GUANG Jie, SU Gaoli, WANG Ying, ZHOU Chunyan
The aim of the simultaneous observation of land surface temperature is obtaining the land surface temperature for different kinds of underlying surface, including the lager areas of homogeneous vegetation with high coverage, water, and concrete floor, while the thermal imager go into the experimental areas of the low reaches. All the land surface temperature data will be used for validation of the retrieved land surface temperature from thermal imager and the analysis of the scale effect of the land surface temperature, and finally serve for the validation of the plausibility checks of the surface temperature product from remote sensing. 1. Observation time On 1 August, 2014 2. Observation samples Three field samples were chosen in the fly zone, which were large areas of homogeneous vegetation (with high coverage), water, and concrete floor. 3. Observation method Surface temperature values were observed continuously for each sample using handheld infrared thermometers during the imager went into the flying area. 4. Instrument parameters and calibration The field of view of the handheld infrared thermometer is one degree and the emissivity was assumed to be 0.95. All instruments were calibrated on 31 July, 2014 using a black body. 5. Data storage All the observation data were stored in an excel.
Li Yimeng, REN Zhiguo, Zhou Shengnan, MA Mingguo
The dataset of sun photometer observations was obtained in Linze grassland station, the reed plot A, the saline plot B, the barley plot E, the observation stationof the Linze grassland foci experimental areaand Jingdu hotel of Zhangye city. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318 from May 30 to Jun. 11, 2008. And from Jun. 15 to Jul.11, the data of 1640nm, 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm, 550nm, 440nm, 380nm and 340nm were acquired. Both measurements were carried out at intervals of 1 minute. Optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, air temperature and pressure near land surface, the solar azimuth and zenith could all be further retrieved. Readme file was attached for detail.
LIANG Ji, WANG Xufeng
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on Jun. 1, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) The radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land in Yingke oasis maize field and Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot by ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°). The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived in Excel format). (2) The radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 1.0; from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications), observing straight downwards at intervals of 1s in Yingke oasis maize field. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format. (3) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) of maize and wheat by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in Excel format. (4) The reflectance spectra by ASD in Yingke oasis maize field (350-2500nm , from BNU, the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation), and Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot (350-2500nm , from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, the NE-SW diagonal observation at intervals of 30m). The data included raw data (in .doc format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (5) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (6) The radiative temperature by the handheld radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field (from BNU, the vertical canopy observation, the transect observation and the diagonal observation), Yingke oasis wheat field (only for the transect temperature), and Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot (the NE-SW diagonal observation). Besides, the maize radiative temperature and the physical temperature were also measured both by the handheld radiometer and the probe thermometer in the maize plot of 30m near the resort. The data included raw data (in .doc format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (7) Atmospheric parameters on the playroom roof at the resort by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The underlying surface was mainly composed of crops and the forest (1526m high). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (8) Narrow channel emissivity of the bare land and vegetation by the W-shaped determinator in Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot. Four circumstances should be considered for emissivity, with the lid plus the au-plating board, the au-plating board only, the lid only and without both. Data were archived in Word.
CHEN Ling, HE Tao, REN Huazhong, REN Zhixing, YAN Guangkuo, ZHANG Wuming, XU Zhen, LI Xin, GE Yingchun, SHU Lele, JIANG Xi, HUANG Chunlin, GUANG Jie, LI Li, LIU Sihan, WANG Ying, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, LIU Xiaocheng, TAO Xin, CHEN Shaohui, LIANG Wenguang, LI Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhanhui, Liu Liangyun, YANG Tianfu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on May 30, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) The radiative temperature by the handheld radiometer (BNU) in Yingke oasis maize field and Huazhaizi desert maize field (the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation for both fields), and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the diagonal observation). The data included raw data (in .doc format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (2) The component temperature of maize and wheat by the handheld radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field, Yingke wheat field and Huazhaizi desert maize field. For maize, the component temperature included the vertical canopy temperature, the bare land temperature and the plastic film temperature; for the wheat, it included the vertical canopy temperature, the half height temperature, the lower part temperature and the bare land temperature. The data included raw data (in .doc format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (3) The radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land in Yingke oasis maize field by ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°), The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived in Excel format). (4) The radiative temperature and the canopy multi-angle radiative temperature by the fixed automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 1.0), observing straight downwards at intervals of 1s in Yingke oasis maize field (2 instruments for maize canopy), Huazhaizi desert maize field (only one for maize canopy) and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (two for reaumuria soongorica canopy and the bare land). The thermal infrared remote sensing calibration was carried out in the resort plot. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format. (5) Coverage fraction of maize and wheat by the self-made instrument and the camera (2.5m-3.5m above the ground) in Yingke oasis maize field. Based on the length of the measuring tape and the bamboo pole, the size of the photo can be decided. GPS date were also collected and the technology LAB was applied to retrieve the coverage of the green vegetation. Besides, such related information as the surrounding environment was also recorded. Data included the primarily measured image and final fraction of vegetation coverage. (6) Reflectance spectra of Yingke oasis maize field (350-2500nm, from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications) and resort calibration site (350-2500nm, from Beijing Univeristy) by ASD (Analytical Sepctral Devices); BRDF by the self-made observation platform. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (7) Atmospheric parameters at the resort calibration site by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (8) Soil moisture (0-40cm) by the cutting ring, the soil temperature by the thermocouple thermometer, roughness by the self-made roughness board and the camera in Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot. Sample points were selected every 30m along the diagonals. Data were all archived in Excel format. (9) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (10) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in Word. LAI in Yingke oasis maize field. The maximum leaf length and width of each maize and wheat were measured. Data were archived in Excel format of May 31.
CHAI Yuan, CHEN Ling, HE Tao, KANG Guoting, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, REN Zhixing, WANG Haoxing, ZHANG Wuming, ZOU Jie, GE Yingchun, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, XU Zhen, GUANG Jie, LIU Sihan, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, LIU Xiaocheng, TAO Xin, LIANG Wenguang, WANG Dacheng, LI Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhanhui, YANG Tianfu, HUANG Bo, LI Shihua, LUO Zhen
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on Jul. 11, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot from CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for details. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (2) Radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land (in Yingke oasis maize field), vegetation and the bare land (Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot) by the thermal cameras at a height of 1.2m above the ground. Optical photos of the scene were also taken. Raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001) was archived in IMG format and radiative files are stored in Excel format. . (3) Photosynthesis by LI6400 in Yingke oasis maize field, carried out according to WATER specifications. Raw data were archived in the user-defined format (by notepat.exe) and processed data were in Excel format. (4) Ground object reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field, Huazhaizi maize field, Huazhaizi desert No. 1 and 2 plots, by ASD FieldSpec (350～2500 nm) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (IRSA), CAS. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance were in .txt format. (5) The radiative temperature in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by the handheld infrared thermometer (BNU and IRSA). Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data (in Excel format) were all archived. (6) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in Excel format. (7) The radiative temperature of the maize canopy by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95) mearsued at nadir with an time intervals of 1s in Huazhaizi desert maize field. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived as Excel files. (8) Maize albedo from two shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format.
REN Huazhong, WANG Tianxing, YAN Guangkuo, LI Li, LI Hua, LIU Sihan, XIA Chuanfu, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, YANG Guijun, LI Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhanhui, Liu Liangyun
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on Jun. 29, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire VNIR, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot from CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (2) Emissivity of maize and wheat in the Yingke oasis by portable 102F (2.0~25.0um) from BNU. Warm blackbody, cold blackbody, the target and the au-plating board of known emissivity. Raw data of those four measurements were archived in *.WBX, *.CBX, *.SAX and *.CBX Besides, the spectral radiance and emissivity calculated by 102F were archived in *.RAX and *.EMX, respectively. Meanwhile, the final spectral emissivity of targets were also calculated by TES (ISSTES). (3) LAI of mazie and wheat in Yingke oasis maize field. The maximum leaf length and width of leaves were measured. Data were archived as Excel files of Jul. 2. (4) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) of maize and wheat by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in MS Office Word format. (5) the radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95), measured at nadir with time intervals of one second in Yingke oasis maize field (one from BNU and the other from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications), Huazhaizi desert maize field (only one from BNU for continuous radiative temperature of the maize canopy) and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (two for reaumuria soongorica canopy and the background bare soil). Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived as Excel files. (6) the component temperature in Yingke oasis maize field (by the handheld radiometer and the thermal image from BNU), Yingke oasis wheat field and Huazhaizi desert maize field. For maize, the component temperature included the vertical canopy temperature, the bare land temperature and the plastic film temperature; for the wheat, it included the vertical canopy temperature, the half height temperature, the lower part temperature and the bare land temperature. The data included raw data (in MS Office Word format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (7) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the observation height). Data were archived in MS Office Excel format. (8) the radiative temperature by the handheld radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field and Huazhaizi desert maize field (the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation for both fields), and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the NE-SW diagonal observation). The data included raw data (in .doc format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (9) ground object reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm) from BNU. The vertical canopy observation and the line-transect observation were used. The data included raw data (from ASD, read by ViewSpecPro), recorded data and processed data on reflectance (in Excel format).
CHEN Ling, GUO Xinping, REN Huazhong, WANG Tianxing, XIAO Yueting, YAN Guangkuo, CHE Tao, GE Yingchun, GAO Shuai, LI Hua, LI Li, LIU Sihan, SU Gaoli, WU Mingquan, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, FAN Wenjie, SHEN Xinyi, YU Fan, YANG Guijun, Liu Liangyun
The dataset of the ground-based microwave radiometers and ground truth observations (multi-frequency, multi-polar multi-angle) for soil freeze/thaw cycle in the A'rou foci experimental area from Oct. 19 to 25, 2007, during the pre-observation period, X-band from Oct. 20 to 25, S-band from Oct. 20 to 25, K-band from Oct. 19 to 24, and Ka-band from Oct. 20 to 24, to be specific. The aims of the measurements were the effects of the soil freeze/thaw status on the microwave brightness temperatures. Those provide reliable ground data for improving and verifying microwave radiative transfer models and parameters retrieval of soil freeze/thaw status. Time-continuous ground observations synchronizing with the ground-based microwave radiometers including self-recording and manual measurements, were carried out in No. 1 quadrate of A'rou with dry natural grassland as the landscape. (1) self-recording observations: the soil temperatures at 0cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm by the temperature probe from Oct. 21 to 25, 2007, and shallow layer soil moisture at 0-5cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm by TDR from Oct. 19 to 21 2007. Both time interval of the observations were 5 minutes. (2) manual observations: the surface radiative temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, the soil temperature at 0cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm by the glass geothermometer, and the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer. The time interval of observations was 30 minutes from Oct. 19-21, 2007.
BAI Yunjie, CAO Yongpan, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LI Xin, LI Zhe, QIN Chun, Wang Weizhen
The dataset of the ground-based microwave radiometers and ground truth observations for soil freeze/thaw cycle was obtained in the A'rou foci experimental area (N38º03.639'/E100º26.793'; 2998m) from May 5 to 8, 2008, S-band from Apr. 6 to 8, C-band from Apr. 7 to 8, K-band from Apr. 5 to 8, and Ka-band on Apr. 5, to be specific. The aims of the measurements were the effects of the soil freeze/thaw status on the microwave brightness temperatures. The observation site was bare land and the soil moisture was 30% after artificial irrigation. Observation items included the soil temperature at 5cm automatically (the time interval: 10m), the soil temperature at 5cm, 10cm, 20cm and 30cm by the probe thermometer (the time interval: 1h), and the soil moisture at 5cm, 10cm, 20cm and 30cm automatically (the time interval: 10m). Seven files were included, four ground-based microwave radiometers (S-band, C-band, K-band and Ka-band) observations, the automatic soil temperature, the manual soil temperature, and the automatic soil moisture, and the last three were archived in Excel format.
CAO Yongpan, CHE Tao, HAO Xiaohua, LI Zhe, Wang Weizhen, WU Yueru
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission and Landsat TM was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on Jul. 7, 2008. Observation items included: (1) the radiative temperature by the thermal camera (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications) of maize, wheat and the bare land of Yingke oasis maize field at a height of 1.2m above the ground. Optical photos of the scene were also taken. Raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001) was archived in IMG format, and blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived as Excel files. (2) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (3) Reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD FieldSpec (350-1603nm) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS). The grey board and the black and white cloth were also used for calibration on the CCD camera. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (4) the component temperature by the handheld radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field and Huazhaizi desert maize field. For maize, the component temperature included the vertical canopy temperature, the bare land temperature and the plastic film temperature; for the wheat, it included the vertical canopy temperature, the half height temperature, the lower part temperature and the bare land temperature. The data included raw data (in Word format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (in Excel format). (5) the radiative temperature by the handheld radiometer (emissivity = 1.0) in Yingke oasis maize field (for the canopy mean temperature), Huazhaizi desert maize field (for the transect temperature), Zhangye airport (the black and white cloth for calibration) and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the diagonal radiative temperature and the radiative temperature of 30m*30m subplot). The component temperature was also measured. The data included raw data (in Word format), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (as Excel files). (6) The air temperature (°C) , the soy bean leaf temperature (°C) and the maize leaf temperature (°C) by SPAD (from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS)) in Yingke oasis maize field. Besides, spectrum, photosynthesis, fluorescence and chlorophyll were measured as well. (7) The leaf reflectance spectra ASD (serial number: 64831) and 50% grey board from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS). The spectral DN was changed into radiance based on the 50% grey board calibration data and calibration lamp data, which could further be transformed into Excel format. Moreover, the solar radiance=the reference board radiance/the reference reflectance. (8) The leaf fluorescence by ImagingPam from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. YII = (Fm'-F)/Fm' was applied for caculation, F indicating fluorescence before saturating flash light, Fm' the maximum fluorescence before saturating flash light, and YII the quantum yield of photosystem II. Data were archived in pim and could be read by ImagingPam, which can be downloaded from http://www.zealquest.com. (9) The leaf photosynthesis by LI-6400. (10) The radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95), observing straight downwards at intervals of 1s in Yingke oasis maize field and Huazhaizi desert maize field. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format. (11) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in the table format of Word. (12) Atmospheric parameters near Daman Water Management office by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number.
CHEN Ling, REN Huazhong, WANG Tianxing, YAN Guangkuo, HAO Xiaohua, WANG Shuguo, LI Li, LI Hua, LIU Sihan, SU Gaoli, XIA Chuanfu, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, LI Xinhui, YU Fan, ZHU Xiaohua, YANG Guijun, CHENG Zhanhui, Liu Liangyun
This dataset contains three basic remote sensing data of digital topography (DEM), TM remote sensing image and NDVI vegetation index of badan jilin desert. 1. DEM, digital terrain data, from the SRTM1 data set released by NASA in the United States, was cropped in the desert area.The resolution is 30 m.The data is stored in the DEM folder, and the dm.ovr file can be opened by ArcGIS. 2. TM image data.The composite data of Landsat TM/ETM + 543 band released by NASA were cropped in the desert lake group distribution area.The resolution is 30 m.From 1990 to 2010, one scene was selected in summer and one scene in autumn every five years to analyze the long-term changes of the lake.In 2002, there was a scene for each quarter to analyze the changes of the lake during the year.The data is stored in TM folder, TIFF format, can be opened by ArcGIS or ENVI software.The file naming rule is yyyymm.tif, where yyyy refers to the year and mm to the month. For example, 199009 refers to the time corresponding to the impact data of September 1990. 3. NDVI, vegetation index.The modis-ndvi product MOD13Q1, released by NASA, was cropped in desert areas.The NDVI data of every ten days of the growing season (June, July, August and September) from 2000 to 2012 are included. The spatial resolution is 250 m and the temporal resolution is 16 days.Stored in NDVI folder, TIFF format, can be opened by ArcGIS or ENVI software.Mosaic_tmp_yyyyddd.hdfout.250m_16_days_ndvi_roi.tif, Where yyyy represents the year and DDD represents the day of DDD of the year.
JIN Xiaomei, HU Xiaonong
On 25 July 2012, Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second ,third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The absolute flight altitude is 5500 m with the point cloud density 1 points per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 25 July 2012, Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second ,third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The absolute flight altitude is 4800 m with the point cloud density 1 points per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 25 August 2012, Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second, third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The absolute flight altitude is 5200 m with the point cloud density 1 point per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
On 28 August 2012, Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner carried by the Harbin Y-12 aircraft was used in a LiDAR airborne optical remote sensing experiment. Leica ALS70 airborne laser scanner has unlimited numbers of returns intensities measurements including the first, second ,third return intensities. The wavelength of laser light is 1064 nm. The absolute flight altitude is 4800 m with the point cloud density 1.6 point per square meter. Airborne LiDAR-DEM and DSM data production were obtained through parameter calibration, automatic classification of point cloud density and manual editing.
XIAO Qing, Wen Jianguang
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on Jun. 22, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (2) BRDF of maize in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD (350-2 500 nm) from Beijing University and the observation platform of BNU make. The maximum height of the platform was 5m above the ground with the azimuth 0~360° and the zenith angle -60°~60°; BRDF in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by ASD from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS) and the observation platform of its own make, whose maximum height was 2m above the ground with the zenith angle -70°~70°. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (3) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number.
CHEN Ling, GUO Xinping, REN Huazhong, ZOU Jie, LIU Sihan, ZHOU Chunyan, FAN Wenjie, TAO Xin
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (K&Ka bands) mission was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 30, 2008. Those provide reliable data for retrieval of snow parameters and properties, especially for dry and wet snow identification. Observation items included: (1) Snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the snowfork in BG-A; (2) Snow parameters including snow depth, the snow surface temperature synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (K&Ka bands), the snow layer temperature, the snow grain size and snow density in BG-A (10 points), BG-B (6 points), BG-F (12 points), BG-H (21 points) and BG-I (20 points); For each snow pit, the snowpack was divided into several layers with 10-cm intervals of snow depth. The layer depth (by the ruler), the snow grain size (by the handheld microscope), snow density (by the cutting ring) and the snow temperature (by the probe thermometer) were obtained at each snow pit. Two files including raw data and the preprocessed data were archived.
BAI Yanfen, BAI Yunjie, GE Chunmei, GU Juan, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LI Zhe, LIANG Ji, MA Mingguo, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, WANG Xufeng, WU Yueru, XU Zhen, ZHU Shijie, LI Hua, CHANG Cun, MA Zhongguo, JIANG Tenglong, XIAO Pengfeng , LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu, CHE Tao
The dataset of airborne imaging spectrometer (OMIS-II) mission was obtained in the Linze station-Linze grassland flight zone on Jun. 15, 2008. Data after radiometric correction and calibration and geometric approximate correction were released. The flying time of each route was as follows: {| ! id ! flight ! file ! starttime ! lat ! long ! alt ! image liange ! endtime ! lat ! long ! lat |- | 1 || reservoir 1 || 2008-06-15_11-55-28_DATA.BSQ || 12:12:48 || 39.013 || 100.236 || -1.0 || 2540 || 12:15:37 || 39.085 || 100.150 || -1.0 |- | 2 || 1-13 || 2008-06-15_12-15-51_DATA.BSQ || 12:20:47 || 39.172 || 100.048 || 2867.7 || 5572 || 12:26:58 || 39.359 || 100.190 || 2867.8 |- | 3 || 1-12 || 2008-06-15_12-27-13_DATA.BSQ || 12:31:59 || 39.366 || 100.188 || 2846.6 || 5067 || 12:37:37 || 39.185 || 100.051 || 2867.8 |- | 4 || 1-11 || 2008-06-15_12-37-51_DATA.BSQ || 12:42:52 || 39.179 || 100.039 || 2878.8 || 5542 || 12:49:02 || 39.363 || 100.179 || 2884.8 |- | 5 || 1-10 || 2008-06-15_12-49-16_DATA.BSQ || 12:54:29 || 39.373 || 100.179 || 2909.9 || 5116 || 13:00:10 || 39.187 || 100.039 || 2897.3 |- | 6 || 1-9 || 2008-06-15_13-00-24_DATA.BSQ || 13:05:30 || 39.182 || 100.028 || 2864.2 || 5498 || 13:11:37 || 39.366 || 100.167 || 2859.7 |- | 7 || 1-8 || 2008-06-15_13-11-51_DATA.BSQ || 13:17:22 || 39.377 || 100.169 || 2846.8 || 5114 || 13:23:02 || 39.191 || 100.029 || 2862.3 |- | 8 || 1-7 || 2008-06-15_13-23-17_DATA.BSQ || 13:28:06 || 39.187 || 100.0187 || 2857.1 || 5497 || 13:34:13 || 39.372 || 100.158 || 2842.5 |- | 9 || 1-6 || 2008-06-15_13-34-27_DATA.BSQ || 13:39:10 || 39.380 || 100.158 || 2909.7 || 5184 || 13:44:55 || 39.197 || 100.019 || 2861.8 |- | 10 || 1-5 || 2008-06-15_13-45-10_DATA.BSQ || 13:50:09 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 5488 || 13:56:09 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |- | 11 || 1-4 || 2008-06-15_13-56-23_DATA.BSQ || 14:01:20 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 5353 || 14:07:18 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |- | 12 || 1-3 || 2008-06-15_14-07-32_DATA.BSQ || 14:12:36 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 5350 || 14:18:30 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |- | 13 || 1-2 || 2008-06-15_14-18-46_DATA.BSQ || 14:22:48 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 5236 || 14:28:31 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |- | 14 || 1-1 || 2008-06-15_14-28-49_DATA.BSQ || 14:34:02 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 5964 || 14:40:11 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |- | 15 || reservoir 2 || 2008-06-15_14-40-51_DATA.BSQ || 14:51:05 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 || 6846 || 14:58:35 || -1.000 || -1.000 || -1.0 |}
Liu Liangyun, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 1 and 2 quadrates of the Biandukou foci experimental area on Oct. 17, 2007 during the pre-observation period. The ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 23:04 BJT. Both the quadrates were divided into 3×3 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. 25 sampling points were chosen, including centers and corners. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected: the soil temperature , volumetric soil moisture (cm^3/cm^3), soil salinity (s/m), soil conductivity (s/m) by the Hydra probe, the surface radiative temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, gravimetric soil moisture, volumetric soil moisture, and soil bulk density by drying soil samples from the cutting ring (100cm^3). Meanwhile, vegetation parameters as height, coverage and water content were also observed. Those provide reliable ground data for the development and validation of soil moisture, soil freeze/thaw algorithms and the forward model from active remote sensing approaches.
BAI Yunjie, CAO Yongpan, LI Xin, Wang Weizhen, WANG Xufeng
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with EO-1 Hyperion was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on May 25, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Atmospheric parameters on the ICBC resort office roof by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (2) Ground object reflectance spectra f new-born rape and the bare land in Biandukou foci experimental area by ASD FieldSpec (350~2500 nm) from BNU. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (3) Soil moisture (0-40cm) by the cutting ring and the soil temperature (0-40cm) by the thermocouple in Huazhaizi desert No. 1 plot and the windbreak forest; and soil moisture and the soil temperature (0-100cm) in Yingke oasis maize field. Data were archived in Excel format. (4) LAI. The maximum leaf length and width of each alfalfa and barley were measured. Data were archived in Excel format. (5) Coverage of maize and wheat in Yingke oasis maize field, of vegetation (Reaumuria soongorica) in Huazhaizi desert No. 1 and 2 plots by the self-made coverage instrument and the camera (2.5m-3.5m above the ground). Based on the length of the measuring tape and the bamboo pole, the size of the photo can be decided GPS date were also collected and the technology LAB was applied to retrieve the coverage of the green vegetation. Besides, such related information as surroundings environment was also recorded. Data included the primarily measured image and final fraction of vegetation coverage.
CHEN Ling, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, WANG Haoxing, YAN Guangkuo, GE Yingchun, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, XU Zhen, GUANG Jie, LI Li, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, TAO Xin, YAN Binyan, YAO Yanjuan
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with MODIS was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jun. 22, 2008. Simultaneous east-west ground measurements on the canopy temperature, the half-height temperature and the land surface radiative temperature were carried out by the hand-held infrared thermometer at intervals of 125m in 8 quadrates (2km×2km), No.1 quadrate (H01-H08) on Jun. 22, No.2 quadrate (H09-H16) on Jun. 23,No.3 quadrate (H17-H24) on Jun. 22, No.4 quadrat (H25-H32) on Jun. 23, No.5 quadrate (H33-H40) on Jun. 22, No.6 quadrate (H41-H48) on Jun. 23, No,7 quadrate (H49-H56) and No.8 quadrate (H57-H64) on Jun. 23. Data were archived in Excel format. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CHAO Zhenhua, NIAN Yanyun, WANG Xufeng, LIANG Wenguang
The dataset of diurnal FPAR change observations was obtained in the Yingke oasis foci experimental areas. Observation items included: (1) Maize canopy reflectance spectra by ASD and 50% grey board, leaf SPAD by the chlorophyll meter and leaf photosynthesis by LI-6400 in Yingke oasis maize field on Jul. 5, 2008 (fixed point observations from 10:00-20:00 at intervals of one hour, and half an hour from 16:00) Besides, Photo: photosynthetic rate (µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), Cond: stomatal conductance (mol H2O m-2 s-1), Ci: intercellular CO2 viscosity (µmol CO2 mol-1), Trmmol: transpiration rate (mmol H2O m-2 s-1), VpdL: vapor pressure deficiency of leaves (kPa), Tleaf: leaf temperature (°C), ParIn_µm: active radiation of interior photosynthesis (µmol m-2 s-1), and ParOutµm: active radiation of outdoor photosynthesis (µmol m-2 s-1) were all archived. (2) Maize canopy reflectance spectra, leaf photosynthesis and diurnal FPAR change by ASD (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications), 50% grey board (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications), LI-6400 (Institute of Remote Sensing Applications) and SUNSCAN (Beijing academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences). Based on calibration lamp data (serial number: 64831), radiance spectrum on Jul. 9 by 1050 spectrometer (Beijing academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences) and 50% grey board and 99% white board calibration data, the spectrum data were preprocessed. Calibration was undertaken in accordance with the following precedures: a) The original DN was converted into radiance and further into readable EXCEL format by the spectrometer-matched calibration lamp data and ASD. b) Solar radiance was got by 99% white board radiance. solar radiance=the reference board radiance/the reference board reflectance. c) Spectrum from Agriculture and Forestry Sciences was sampled at an interval of 1.438nm, which was made into data at 1nm intervals by segmentation interpolation. d) Based on b=16.087a (where a is radiance before fitting and b after fitting), radiance data got by 68731 spectrograph were processed. The original maize leaf photosynthesis data (by LI-6400) were introduced into EXCEL format, diurnal changes of each leaf were archived as one single unit according to leaf classification. Maize FPAR (the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation) was got by FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR= FPAR×canopy PAR. The unit for PAR was µmol m-2 s-1. The data included number (the whole leaf), observation time (hh:mm:ss), upper light (µmol m-2 s-1), upper reflectivity (µmol m-2 s-1), lower light (µmol m-2 s-1), lower reflectivity (µmol m-2 s-1) and Spread: variation coefficients of the probe optical intensity.
WANG Dacheng, YANG Guijun, CHENG Zhanhui, Liu Liangyun
Eo-1 (Earth Observing Mission) is a new Earth Observing satellite developed by NASA to replace Landsat7 in the 21st century. It was launched on November 21, 2000.The orbit of eo-1 satellite is basically the same as that of Landsat7, which is a solar synchronous orbit with an orbital altitude of 705km and an inclination Angle of 98.7°, which is 1min less than that of Landsat7 and crosses the equator.On board of EO 1 3 kinds of sensors, namely, the Advanced Land Imager (ALI (the Advanced Land Imager), atmospheric correction instrument AC (Atmosp heric Corrector) and compose a specular as spectrometer (Hyperion), Hyperion sensor is first spaceborne hyperspectral mapping measurement instrument, the hyperspectral data a total of 242 bands, spectral range is 400 ~ 2500 nm, spectral resolution up to 10 nm, ground resolution of 30 m. Currently, there are 6 scenes of eo-1 Hyperion data in heihe river basin.The coverage and acquisition time were: 4 scenes in the encrypted observation area of zhangye urban area + yingke oasis encrypted observation area (2007-09-10, 2008-05-12, 2008-05-20, 2008-07-15).Two scenes of the iceditch watershed observation area were encrypted, the time was 2008-03-17, 2008-03-22, respectively. Product grade is L1 without geometric correction. The eo-1 Hyperion remote sensing data set of heihe integrated remote sensing joint experiment was acquired by researcher wang jian and Beijing normal university through purchase. (note: "+" represents simultaneous coverage)
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences
The spot satellite series in France consists of five stars, of which spot 5 is the best. It was launched in May 2002, with a height of 830km, an orbit inclination of 98.7 degrees, and a sun synchronous quasi regression orbit, with a regression period of 26 days. Linear array sensor (CCD) and push scan scanning technology were used for imaging. SPOT5 satellite carries two high-resolution geometric imagers (HRG), one high-resolution Stereo Imager (HRS) and one wide field vegetation detector (VGT). It has five working bands, multi spectral band spatial resolution is 10m (short wave infrared spatial resolution is 20m), panchromatic band spatial resolution is 2.5m. At present, there are three spots of SPOT5 data in Heihe River Basin. The coverage and acquisition time are respectively: 1 scene in Linze area, including multispectral image with resolution of 10m and panchromatic image with resolution of 2.5m, with time of 2008-07-04; 1 scene in Zhangye City, with resolution of 2.5m, with time of 2008-03-29; 1 scene of multispectral data with resolution of 10m, with time of 2008-08-10. The product level is L1, and the product has undergone rough geometric correction. SPOT5 image is mainly used as the base map of geometric precision correction in Heihe experiment. The spot 5 remote sensing data set of Heihe comprehensive remote sensing joint experiment was purchased by Beijing Normal University.
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 15, 2008. The Envisat ASAR data were acquired in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:34 BJT. Observation items included: (1) Snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the snowfork in BG-B, BG-D, BG-E and BG-F; (2) Snow parameters including the snow surface temperature and the snow-soil interface temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, the snow layer temperature by the probe thermometer, the snow grain size by the handheld microscope, snow density by the aluminum case, snow depth by the ruler, and the snow surface temperature synchronizing with ASAR in BG-H, BG-D, BG-E and BG-F; (3) The snow spectrum by the portable ASD (Xinjiang Meteorological Administration) synchronizing with ASAR in BG-H15; the major and minor axis and shape of the snow layer grain through the self-made snow sieve. Two files including raw data and the preprocessed data were archived.
BAI Yanfen, BAI Yunjie, GE Chunmei, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LIANG Ji, SHU Lele, WANG Xufeng, XU Zhen, MA Mingguo, QU Wei, REN Jie, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area on Jun. 29, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. The simultaneous ground data included: (1) soil moisture (0-5cm) nine times by the cutting ring (50cm^3) along LY06 and LY07 strips, and once by the cutting ring method and once by ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in the six points of Wulidun farmland quadrates. The preprocessed soil volumetric moisture data were archived as Excel files. (2) surface radiative temperature measured three times by three handheld infrared thermometer (5# and 6# from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, and one from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, which were all calibrated) in LY06 and LY07 strips (98 sample points and repeated three times) and the Wulidun farmland quadrates (various points and repeated three times). Data were archived as Excel files. (3) maize canopy component temperature measured by the 5# handheld infrared thermometer (from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute) in Wulidun farmland quadrates. Six directions were measured, canopy backlighting and frontlighting, half height backlighting and frontlighting, the light and the shaded bareland, with each direction 20 measurements. (4) spectrum of maize, soil and soil with known moisture measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, and the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter) in Wulidun farmland quadrates. Raw spectral data were binary files , which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance (by ViewSpecPro) were archived as Excel.files (5) mltiangle maize spectrum measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, the reference board (40% before Jun. 15 and 20% hereafter), two observation platforms of BNU make and one of Institute of Remote Sensing Applications make in Wulidun farmland. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity were archived as text files (.txt). (6) LAI of maize measured by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (in excel). (7) LAI of maize measured by LAI2000 in Wulidun farmland quadrates. Data educed from LAI2000 periodically were archived as text files (.txt) and marked with one ID. Raw data (table of word and txt) and processed data (Excel) were included. Besides, observation time, the observation method and the repetition were all archived. See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
DONG Jian, YU Yingjie, BAI Yanfen, HAO Xiaohua, Qian Jinbo, SHU Lele, WANG Yang, XU Zhen
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow synchronizing with EO-1 Hyperion and Landsat TM was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 17, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Snow parameters as snow depth by the ruler, the snow layer temperature by the probe thermometer, the snow grain size by the handheld microscope, the snow surface temperature and the snow-soil interface temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer simultaneous with the satellite in BG-A, BG-E, BG-F and BG-H. (2) Snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the Snowfork in BG-A, BG-E and BG-H. Besides, 25-hour fixed-point continuous observation was carried out at the Binggou cold region hydrometerological station. (3) The snow spectrum by ASD (Xinjiang Meteorological Administration) (4) Snow albedo by the total radiometer Two files including raw data and preprocessed data were archived.
BAI Yanfen, BAI Yunjie, GE Chunmei, HAO Xiaohua, LIANG Ji, SHU Lele, WANG Xufeng, XU Zhen, ZHU Shijie, MA Mingguo, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, JIANG Tenglong, XIAO Pengfeng , LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area on May 25, 2008. Observation items included: (1) the soil temperature in L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 and L7; (2) roughness measured by the roughness grid board and collected by the digital camera. Files with "result" field were processed data, in which the first row was RMS height (cm; one value), the second row was distance (cm), and the third row was correlation function (cm; changed into correlation length when it is 1/e). (3) GPR and TDR data. Five files were included, roughness photos and preprocessed data, the soil temperature, coordinates of quadrates and sampling lines, GPR and microwave radiometer data. All were archived as Excel and .txt files. Those provide reliable ground data for development and validation of soil moisture and freeze/thaw algorithms from active remote sensing approaches.
BAI Yunjie, CAO Yongpan, CHE Tao, DU Ziqiang, HAO Xiaohua, WANG Zhixia, WU Yueru, CHAI Yuan, CHANG Sheng, QIAN Yonggang, SUN Xiaoqing, WANG Jindi, YAO Dongping, ZHAO Shaojie, ZHENG Yue, ZHAO Yingshi, LI Xiaoyu, PATRICK Klenk, HUANG Bo, LI Shihua, LUO Zhen
The dataset of airborne imaging spectrometer (OMIS-II) mission was obtained in the Linze station-Linze grassland flight zone on Jun. 6, 2008. Data after radiometric correction and calibration and geometric approximate correction were released. The flying time of each route was as follows: {| ! id ! flight ! file ! starttime ! lat ! long ! alt ! image linage ! endtime ! lat ! long ! alt |- | 1 || 1-13 || 2008-06-06_09-32-22_DATA.BSQ || 09:56:32 || 39.167 || 100.044 || 2945.9 || 5718 || 10:02:53 || 39.362 || 100.191 || 2936.7 |- | 2 || 1-12 || 2008-06-06_10-02-38_DATA.BSQ || 10:08:42 || 39.373 || 100.193 || 2956.1 || 5565 || 10:14:53 || 39.182 || 100.049 || 2953.1 |- | 3 || 1-11 || 2008-06-06_10-14-39_DATA.BSQ || 10:19:51 || 39.177 || 100.039 || 2931.2 || 5432 || 10:25:54 || 39.363 || 100.179 || 2958.3 |- | 4 || 1-10 || 2008-06-06_10-25-39_DATA.BSQ || 10:31:50 || 39.376 || 100.182 || 2959.7 || 5396 || 10:37:50 || 39.190 || 100.041 || 2952.7 |- | 5 || 1-9 || 2008-06-06_10-37-35_DATA.BSQ || 10:43:06 || 39.179 || 100.026 || 2956.4 || 5399 || 10:49:06 || 39.368 || 100.169 || 2939.0 |- | 6 || 1-8 || 2008-06-06_10-48-51_DATA.BSQ || 10:55:20 || 39.383 || 100.174 || 2943.2 || 5643 || 11:01:36 || 39.1922 || 100.029 || 2944.8 |- | 7 || 1-7 || 2008-06-06_11-01-22_DATA.BSQ || 11:07:04 || 39.185 || 100.0175 || 2947.2 || 5306 || 11:12:58 || 39.373 || 100.159 || 2943.9 |- | 8 || 1-6 || 2008-06-06_11-12-43_DATA.BSQ || 11:18:57 || 39.386 || 100.162 || 2948.1 || 5604 || 11:25:10 || 39.196 || 100.018 || 2950.5 |- | 9 || 1-5 || 2008-06-06_11-24-56_DATA.BSQ || 11:30:22 || 39.188 || 100.006 || 2934.0 || 5469 || 11:36:26 || 39.378 || 100.149 || 2935.4 |- | 10 || 1-4 || 2008-06-06_11-36-12_DATA.BSQ || 11:42:30 || 39.389 || 100.151 || 2935.4 || 5570 || 11:48:41 || 39.198 || 100.007 || 2949.0 |- | 11 || 1-3 || 2008-06-06_11-48-27_DATA.BSQ || 11:54:21 || 39.205 || 100.005 || 2915.2 || 5028 || 11:59:57 || 39.380 || 100.138 || 2908.8 |- | 12 || 1-2 || 2008-06-06_11-59-42_DATA.BSQ || 12:06:00 || 39.395 || 100.142 || 2931.0 || 5523 || 12:12:08 || 39.205 || 99.999 || 2950.0 |- | 13 || 1-1 || 2008-06-06_12-11-53_DATA.BSQ || 12:18:17 || 39.197 || 99.985 || 2916.5 || 5451 || 12:24:20 || 39.389 || 100.131 || 2907.9 |}
Liu Liangyun, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The dataset of the drop spectrometer observations was obtained at an interval of 30 seconds in the cold region hydrology experimental area from Mar. 14 to Apr. 14, 2008. The site was chosen in A'rou (N39.06°, E100.44°, 3002m), Qilian county, Qinghai province. The data mainly included the raindrop grain size and the terminal velocity. Besides, dual polarized radar (X-band) parameters such as ZDR and KDR could be further developed based on those data. The observation was carried out within an area of 5400mm^2; the liquid grain diameter was from 0.2-5mm, and the solid grain diameter was from 0.2-25mm.
CHU Rongzhong, ZHAO Guo, HU Zeyong, ZHANG Tong, JIA Wei
The dataset of airborne L-band microwave radiometer and thermal imager mission was obtained in the Binggou-A'rou flight zone in the afternoon of Apr. 1, 2008. The frequency of L bands was 1.4 GHz with back sight of 35 degree and dual polarization (H&V) was acquired. The plane took off at Zhangye airport at 12:48 (BJT) and landed at 16:35 along the scheduled lines at the altitude about 5000m and speed about 260km/hr.. The raw data include microwave radiometer (L) data, thermal imager data (7.5-13 um; FOV: 24×18º) and GPS data; the first were instantaneous non-imaging observation recorded in text, which could be converted into brightness temperatures according to the caliberation coefficients (filed with raw data together), and the third are aircraft longitude, latitude and attitude. Moreover, based on the respective real-time clock log, observations by the microwave radiometer and GPS can be integrated to offer coordinates matching for the former. Yaw, flip, and pitch motions of aircraft were ignored due to the low resolution of microwave radiometer observations. Observation information can also be rasterized, as required, after calibration and coordinates matching. L band resolution (x) and footprint can be approximately estimated as x=0.3H (H is relative flight height). The thermal imager was 320*240 pixels and with FOV of 24×18º. The thermal imager data were stored in binary format with a text header file. The recorded value was brightness temperature at sensor with scale and gain parameter recorded in the header file. And the thermal images were not geometrically corrected because there were gaps between sequential images.
WANG Shuguo, WANG Xufeng, CHE Tao, ZHAO Kai, JIN Jinan, XIAO Qing, Liu Qiang
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with airborne WiDAS mission was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 11, 2008. WiDAS, composed of four CCD cameras, one mid-infrared thermal imager (AGEMA 550), and one infrared thermal imager (S60), can acquire CCD, MIR and TIR band data. These simultaneous ground data were mainly the land surface temperature measured by the hand-held infrared thermometer in the reed plot A, the saline plots B and C, the alfalfa plot D and the barley plot E, the maximum of which were 120m×120m and the minimum were 30m×30m. Data were archived in Excel file. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CAO Yongpan, CHAO Zhenhua, GE Chunmei, HU Xiaoli, HUANG Chunlin, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, WU Yueru, SHEN Xinyi, YU Fan
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area on Jul. 8, 2008. Observation items included: (1) soil moisture (0-5cm) measured by the cutting ring method (50cm^3) in P1 to P6 strips (17 sample points each). Photos were taken. The preprocessed soil volumetric moisture data were archived as Excel files. (2) surface radiative temperature measured by three handheld infrared thermometer (5# and 6# from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, and one from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, which were all calibrated) from P1 to P6 strips. There are 34 sample points in total and each was repeated three times synchronizing with the airplane. Photos were taken. Data were archived as Excel files. See the metadata record “WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the Linze station foci experimental area” for more information of the quadrate locations.
XIE Tingting, JIANG Hao, SONG Yi, BAI Yanfen, GAO Song, Qian Jinbo, SHU Lele, SONG Yi, XU Zhen, XIE Tingting, JIANG Hao, LI Shihua
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow synchronizing with the airborne PHI mission was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 24, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the Snowfork in BG-A. (2) Snow parameters as the snow surface temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer, the snow layer temperature by the probe thermometer, the snow grain size by the handheld microscope, and snow density by the aluminum case in BG-A1, BG-A2, BG-B, BG-D, BG-E and BG-F5 (three sampling units each) from 11:11-12:35 (BJT) with the airplane overpass. 64 points were selected by four groups. (3) Snow albedo by the total radiometer in BG-A. (4) The snow spectrum by ASD (Xinjiang Meteorological Administration) in BG-A11 Two files including raw data and preprocessed data were archived.
GE Chunmei, GU Juan, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LI Zhe, LIANG Ji, MA Mingguo, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, WANG Xufeng, WU Yueru, XU Zhen, ZHU Shijie, LIANG Xingtao, LIU Zhigang, QU Wei, REN Jie, FANG Li, LI Hua, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, JIANG Tenglong, XIAO Pengfeng , LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with ASTER was obtained in the Linze station foci experimental area on May 28, 2008. Observation items included: (1) soil moisture (0-5cm) measured once by the cutting ring method at the corner points of the 40 subplots of the west-east desert transit zone strip once by cutting ring method in the corner points of nine subplots of the north-south desert transit zone, once by the cutting ring method and once by ML2X Soil Moisture Tachometer in the center points of nine subplots of the farmland. The preprocessed soil volumetric moisture data were archived as Excel files. (2) surface radiative temperature measured by the handheld infrared thermometer (5# and 6# from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute which were both calibrated) in 40 subplots of the west-east desert transit zone strip (repeated 14-30 times), and nine subplots of the north-south desert transit zone strip (repeated 12-30 times). Data were archived as Excel files. (3) BRDF of maize and desert scrub measured by ASD Spectroradiometer (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, the 40% reference board , two observation platforms of BNU make and one of Institute of Remote Sensing Applications make in Wulidun farmland quadrates and the desert transit zone strips. Raw spectral data were archived as binary files, which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance and transmittivity were archived as text files (.txt). (4) LAI measured by two methods in the the Wulidun farmland quadrates and Linze station quadrates. One is manual method. The LAI, plant height and the spacing of selected samples were measured by the ruler and the number of the sapmles in the quadrate were counted. Then the LAI can be calculated. The other method is LI-3100. Data were archived as Excel files.
Qian Jinbo, SONG Yi, WANG Zhixia, WANG Yang, PAN Xiaoduo, LI Jing, Li Xiangyun, Qu Yonghua, SUN Qingsong
The dataset of ground truth measurements for snow was obtained, synchronizing with airborne microwave radiometers (K&Ka bands) mission in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area on Mar. 29, 2008. Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval of snow properties and parameters, especially snow depth and snow water equivalent study. Observation items include (1) snow density, snow complex permittivity, snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture by the snowfork in BG-A; (2) snow parameters in BG-A (18 points), BG-B (20 points), BG-EF (20 points) and BG-I (20 points): snow depth by the ruler, the snow temperature (mean of two measurements) by the probe thermometer, snow grain size by the handheld microscope, snow density by the cutting ring for each snow layer, and the snow surface temperature and the snow-soil interface temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer. For each snow pit, the snowpack was divided into several layers with 10-cm intervals of snow depth. Two files including raw data and pre-processed data were archived.
BAI Yanfen, BAI Yunjie, CAO Yongpan, GE Chunmei, GU Juan, HAN Xujun, HAO Xiaohua, LI Hongyi, LI Zhe, LIANG Ji, MA Mingguo, SHU Lele, WANG Xufeng, XU Zhen, ZHU Shijie, CHANG Cun, DOU Yan, MA Zhongguo, JIANG Tenglong, LIU Yan, ZHANG Pu
The dataset of LST (land surface temperature) observed by the thermal camera (ThermaCAM SC2000 and ThermaCAM S60) at 24°×18° was obtained in the Yingke oasis, Huazhaizi desert steppe and Linze grassland foci experimental areas on May 20, 24,28 and 30, Jun. 1, 4, 16 and 29, Jul. 7, 8 and 11, 2008. Meanwhile, the optical photos were acquired in Yingke oasis maize field, Huazhaizi desert No. 1 and 2 plots, Huazhaizi desert maize field and Linze grassland. The dataset of ground truth measurement was synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner), OMIS-II, Landsat TM and ASTER.
HE Tao, KANG Guoting, REN Huazhong, YAN Guangkuo, WANG Haoxing, WANG Tianxing, LI Hua, Liu Qiang, XIA Chuanfu, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, CHEN Shaohui, YANG Tianfu
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with ASTER was obtained in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas on May 28, 2008. Observation items included: (1) Atmospheric parameters in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by CE318 (produced by CIMEL in France). The total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, particle size spectrum and phase function were then retrieved from these observations. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired by CE318. Those data include the raw data in .k7 format and can be opened by ASTPWin. ReadMe.txt is attached for detail. Processed data (after retrieval of the raw data) in Excel format are on optical depth, rayleigh scattering, aerosol optical depth, the horizontal visibility, the near surface air temperature, the solar azimuth, zenith, solar distance correlation factors, and air column mass number. (2) Photosynthesis by LI-6400. Raw data were archived in the user-defined format (by notepat.exe) and processed data were in Excel format. (3) Reflectance spectra in Yingke oasis maize field by ASD FieldSpec (350-2500nm, the vertical canopy observation and the transect observation) from Institute of Remote Sensing Applications (CAS), and in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot by ASD FieldSpec (350-1603nm, the vertical observation and the transect observation for reaumuria soongorica and the bare land) from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The grey board and the black and white cloth were also used for calibration spectrum. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), and pre-processed data on reflectance were in Excel format. (4) Coverage fraction of maize and wheat by the self-made instrument and the camera (2.5m-3.5m above the ground) in Yingke oasis maize field. Based on the length of the measuring tape and the bamboo pole, the size of the photo can be decided. GPS date were also collected and the technology LAB was applied to retrieve the coverage of the green vegetation. Besides, such related information as the surrounding environment was also recorded. Data included the primarily measured image and final fraction of vegetation coverage. (5) the radiative temperature of maize, wheat and the bare land in Yingke oasis maize field by ThermaCAM SC2000 using ThermaCAM SC2000 (1.2m above the ground, FOV = 24°×18°),. The data included raw data (read by ThermaCAM Researcher 2001), recorded data and the blackbody calibrated data (archived in Excel format). (6) the radiative temperature by the automatic thermometer (FOV: 10°; emissivity: 0.95), 3 for maize canopy, the bare land and wheat canopy in Yingke oasis maize field, one for maize canopy in Huazhaizi desert maize field, and 2 for vegetation and the desert bare land in Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot,at nadir at a time interval of one second. Raw data, blackbody calibrated data and processed data were all archived in Excel format. (7) Maize albedo by the shortwave radiometer in Yingke oasis maize field. R =10H (R for FOV radius; H for the probe height). Data were archived in Excel format. (8) LAI in Yingke oasis maize field. The maximum leaf length and width of each maize and wheat were measured. Data were archived in Excel format. (9) FPAR (Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) of maize and wheat by SUNSACN and the digital camera in Yingke oasis maize field. FPAR= (canopyPAR－surface transmissionPAR－canopy reflection PAR+surface reflectionPAR) /canopy PAR; APAR=FPAR* canopy PAR. Data were archived in the table format of Word. (10) The radiative temperature in Yingke oasis maize field (the transect observation), Yingke oasis wheat field (the transect observation), Huazhaizi desert maize field (the transect observation) and Huazhaizi desert No. 2 plot (the diagonal observation) by the handheld infrared thermometer (BNU and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications). Raw data (in Word format), blackbody calibrated data and processed data (in Excel format) were all archived.
CHAI Yuan, CHEN Ling, KANG Guoting, QIAN Yonggang, REN Huazhong, WANG Haoxing, WANG Jianhua, SHU Lele, LI Li, LIU Sihan, XIN Xiaozhou, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHOU Mengwei, TAO Xin, WANG Dacheng, LI Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhanhui, YANG Tianfu, HUANG Bo, LI Shihua, LUO Zhen
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jun. 22, 2008. Observation items included: (1) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502, the coverage by manual work and the biomass (samples from 0.5m×0.5m) by wet weight and dry weight. Data were archived as Excel files. (2) LAI of maize, desert scrub and the poplar by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (as Excel files). For more details, see Readme file. (3) ground object spectrum of grassland, barley and the rape by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm) from BNU, with 20% reference board. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), which were recorded daily in detail, and pre-processed data on reflectance were in .txt. (4) BRDF of grassland, barley and the rape by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro), which were recorded daily in detail. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived in .txt files. The dataset includes processed spectrum data, soil moisture, BRDF, quadrates investigation, integrating spheres data on the rape, LAI, CHRIS data and the fisheye camera data.
DING Songchuang, HAO Xiaohua, YU Yingjie
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Landsat TM was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from 11:10-13:30 on Mar. 17, 2008. Those provide reliable ground data for objects modelling and background modelling, remote sensing image simulation and scaling. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, spectrum (ASD Fieldspec FRTM (Boulder, Co, USA), 350nm-2500nm, 3nm for the visible near-infrared band and 10nm for the shortwave infrared band), the surface temperature, atmospheric parameters, the soil profile gravimetric moisture (0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm), the shallow layer frost depth and the soil roughness in C1, G1, W1, W2, B1 and B2, mostly the grassland, the wheat stubble land, the deep plowed land and the rape stubble land. The quadrates of 90m×90m and 450m×450m were compartmentalized into 81 subgrids of 10m×10m and 50m×50m. Based on the resolution of 30m×30m and 150m×150m, the influence of adjacent eight pixels on the center pixel was studied. Section lines of each subgrid were adopted to acquire the pixel spectrum, which were measured more than once for the mean value. The spectrum data were archived in the ASCII format, with the first five rows as the file header and the following two columns as wavelength (nm) and reflectance (percentage) respectively. The .txt file was not reflectance but intermediate file for further calculation. Raw data were binary files direct from ASD (by ViewSpecPro). The surface radiative temperature and the physical temperature were measured by the handheld infrared thermometer. Besides, the cover type was also recorded. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office. Atmospheric parameters were measured by CE318 to retrieve the total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, and various parameters at 550nm to obtain horizontal visibility with the help of MODTRAN or 6S. Those provide reliable data for atmosphere correction of the same period in this area. The gravimetric soil moisture (samples from 0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm) was measured by the microwave drying method. The frost depth by the chopstick and the ruler. The soil was considered frozen when it was hard and with ice crystal. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office. Nine data files were included, TM data, CE318 data, B1, B2, C1, G1, W1 and W2.
CHANG Sheng, CHANG Yan, Fang Qian, QU Ying, LIANG Xingtao, LIU Zhigang, PAN Jinmei, PENG Danqing, REN Huazhong, ZHANG Yongpan, ZHANG Zhiyu, ZHAO Shaojie, Zhao Tianjie, ZHENG Yue, Zhou Ji, LIU Chenzhou, YIN Xiaojun, ZHANG Zhiyu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in No. 2 and 3 quadrates of the A'rou foci experimental area on Jun. 23, 2008. Observation items included: (1) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, plant species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, phenology by manual work, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502. Data were archived in Excel format. (2) roughness by the self-made roughness board and the camera. The processed data were archived as .txt files. (3) BRDF by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board and the observation platform made by Beijing Normal University. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived as .txt files. (4) LAI of stellera and pasture by the fisheye camera (CANON EOS40D with a lens of EF15/28), shooting straight downwards, with exceptions of higher plants, which were shot upwards. Data included original photos (.JPG) and those processed by can_eye5.0 (in Excel). For more details, see Readme file. Five files were included, spectrum in No.2 quadrate, multiangle observations in No.2 and 3 quadrates, roughness photos in No.2 and 3 quadrates, the fisheye camera observations, and the No.2 and 3 quadrates investigation.
CAO Yongpan, DING Songchuang, HAO Xiaohua, DONG Jian, Qu Yonghua, YU Yingjie
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with EO-1 Hyperion was obtained in the Yingke oasis foci experimental area from Sep. 5 to Sep. 10, 2007 during the pre-observation period. It was carried out by the 3rd and 2nd sub-projects of CAS’s West Action Plan along Zhangye city-Yingke oasis-Huazhaizi, and on the very day of 10, one scene of Hyperion was captured. sampling plot time north latitude east longitude elevation notes 1 9:58 38°53′53.2″ 100°26′09.7″ 1500 cauliflower land east to the road 2 10:51 38°52′39.8″ 100°25′33.1″ 1510 cabbage land east to the road 3 11:35 38°52′39.0″ 100°25′34.6″ 1510 east to No. 2 sampling plot, maize and intercropping wheat reaped 4 12:24 38°51′53.0″ 100°25′08.0″ 1510 maize seed 5 13:08 38°51′54.2″ 100°25′09.5″ 1520 north to No. 4 sampling plot, maize and intercropping wheat reaped 6 14:40 38°51′23.5″ 100°24′45.0″ 1510 west to the road, maize seed, serious blights (red spider) 7 15:40 38°49′26.6″ 100°23′23.7″ 1540 intercrop land of sea buckthorn and beet 8 16:18 38°49′06.9″ 100°23′30.5″ 1540 tomato land, rich of amaranth weeds 9 16:18 38°49′06.4″ 100°23′30.8″ 1540 beet land 10 16:18 38°49′06.9″ 100°23′30.5″ 1540 tomato land with less weeds 11 10:30 38°48′28.3″ 100°24′11.4″ 1540 sea buckthorn seedling land west to the road 12 11:24 38°48′09.3″ 100°24′10.1″ 1550 sun flower land east to the road, intercropping wheat reaped 13 12:38 38°46′16.3″ 100°23′14.2″ 1600 dry rice land 14 12:45 38°46′16.2″ 100°23′14.0″ 1600 rape land 15 12:54 38°46′15.6″ 100°23′13.8″ 1600 buckwheat land 16 14:52 38°45′55.5″ 100°23′00.1″ 1610 maize (without intercrop) 17 15:28 38°45′57.5″ 100°22′28.3″ 1630 maize (without intercrop) 18 16:20 38°43′17.3″ 100°22′53.4″ 1730 gobi (Bassia dasyphylla and margarite dominate) 19 17:40 38°42′31.8″ 100°22′56.8″ 1780 gobi (Bassia dasyphylla and Sympegma regelii dominate) 20 10:27 38°36′25.1″ 100°20′33.2″ 2260 wheatgrass dominates 21 11:10 38°36′24.4″ 100°20′38.1″ 2260 abandoned composite land 22 11:30 2260 near site 22, wheatgrass and composite cenosis 23 bare land 24 13:09 38°38′46.3″ 100°23′08.5″ 2030 alfalfa land 25 14:39 38°44′30.8″ 100°22′41.0″ 1660 poplar 26 9:47 38°58′11.4″ 100°26′18.3″ 1460 rice land Observation items included: (1) quadrat surveys (2) LAI by LAI-2000 (3) ground object reflectance spectra by ASD FieldSpec Pro (350-2500nm)from Gansu Meteorological Administration (4) the land surface temperature and the canopy radiative temperature by the hand-held thermal infrared sensor (5) the photosynthesis rate by LI-6400 (6) the radiative temperature by ThermaCAM SC2000 (7) Atmospheric parameters by CE318 to retrieve the total optical depth, aerosol optical depth, Rayleigh scattering coefficient, column water vapor in 936 nm, and various parameters at 550nm to obtain horizontal visibility with the help of MODTRAN or 6S codes (8) chlorophyll consistency by portable SPAD Those provide reliable ground data for developing and validating retrieval meathods of biophysical parameters from EO-1 Hyperion images.
MA Mingguo, LI Xin, SU Peixi, DING Songchuang, GAO Song, YAN Qiaodi, ZHANG Lingmei, WANG Xufeng, Qian Jinbo, BAI Yunjie, HAO Xiaohua, Liu Qiang, Wen Jianguang, XIN Xiaozhou, WANG Xiaoping, HAN Hui
The dataset of airborne LiDAR mission in the Dayekou flight zone on Jun. 20, 2008 included peak pulse data (*.LAS), full waveform data (.lgc), CCD photos, DEM, DSM and DOM. The DEM, DSM and DOM data are stored along with the Dataset of airborne LiDAR mission in the Dayekou flight zone on Jun. 23, 2008. The flight routes were as follows: {| ! flight route ! startpoint lat ! startpoint lon ! endpoint lat ! endpoint lon ! altitude (m) ! length (km) ! photos |- | 1 || 38°32′05.38″ || 100°12′24.59″ || 38°29′32.76″ || 100°18′35.69″ || 3650 || 10.1 || 49 |- | 2 || 38°32′11.13″ || 100°12′28.42″ || 38°29′42.06″ || 100°18′30.89″ || 3650 || 9.9 || 46 |- | 3 || 38°32′16.88″ || 100°12′32.24″ || 38°29′47.81″ || 100°18′34.72″ || 3650 || 9.9 || 47 |- | 4 || 38°32′22.63″ || 100°12′36.07″ || 38°29′56.20″ || 100°18′32.15″ || 3650 || 9.7 || 45 |- | 5 || 38°32′28.38″ || 100°12′39.90″ || 38°30′02.62″ || 100°18′34.33″ || 3650 || 9.7 || 47 |- | 6 || 38°32′37.44″ || 100°12′35.66″ || 38°30′10.63″ || 100°18′32.68″ || 3650 || 9.8 || 44 |- | 7 || 38°32′46.50″ || 100°12′31.43″ || 38°30′19.72″ || 100°18′28.37″ || 3650 || 9.8 || 47 |}
NI Wenjian, BAO Yunfei, ZHOU Mengwei, WANG Tao, CHI Hong, FAN Fengyun, LIU Qingwang, PANG Yong, LI Shiming, HE Qisheng, Liu Qiang, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The dataset of snow properties measured by the Snowfork was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area from Mar. 10 to 30, 2008, in cooperation with simultaneous airborne, satellite-borne and ground-based remote sensing experiments and other control experiments. Observation items included (1) physical quantities by direct observations: resonant frequency, the rate of attenuation and 3db bandwidth; (2) physical quantities by indirect observations: snow density, snow complex permittivity (the real part and the imaginary part), snow volumetric moisture and snow gravimetric moisture. 13 files are archived, and the user guide of the sampling plot and observation background is included too.
HAO Xiaohua, LIANG Ji, LI Zhe
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with Landsat TM was obtained in the A'rou foci experimental area on Jul. 22, 2008. The stellera coverage was mainly measured by photo taking. (1) Stellera coverage was measured by photo taking in 10 quadrates (51m×51m). Each quadrate was divided into 17×17 subsites, with each one spanning a 3×3 m2 plot. Only corner points of each subsite were chosen and 324 photos were taken for each quadrate. Photos were taken by Nikon D80 with a lens of 18-135mm, shooting straight downwards at the height of 1.5m. (2) quadrates investigation including GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the biomass (samples from 0.5m×0.5m) by green weight and dry weight. Data were archived in Excel format. The dataset includes TM images, quadrate coverage investigation photos, GPS positions, coverage files and investigation tables.
CAO Yongpan, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, MA Mingguo, Qian Jinbo, RAN Youhua
The dataset of airborne imaging spectrometer (OMIS-II) mission was obtained in the Zhangye-Yingke-Huazhaizi flight zone on Jun. 16, 2008. Data after radiometric correction and calibration and geometric approximate correction were released. The flying time of each route was as follows: {| ! id ! flight ! file ! starttime ! lat ! long ! alt ! image linage ! endtime ! lat ! long ! alt |- | 1 || 3-1 || 2008-06-16_14-26-53_DATA.BSQ || 14:44:01 || 38.992 || 100.446 || 3250.7 || 6698 || 14:51:28 || 38.744 || 100.286 || 3237.7 |- | 2 || 3-2 || 2008-06-16_14-52-37_DATA.BSQ || 14:55:47 || 38.731 || 100.284 || 3214.9 || 7202 || 15:03:47 || 38.981 || 100.445 || 3237.6 |- | 3 || 3-3 || 2008-06-16_15-04-57_DATA.BSQ || 15:09:29 || 38.989 || 100.457 || 3230.2 || 6740 || 15:16:58 || 38.739 || 100.297 || 3236.0 |- | 4 || 3-4 || 2008-06-16_15-18-07_DATA.BSQ || 15:21:19 || 38.728 || 100.296 || 3200.6 || 7256 || 15:29:23 || 38.979 || 100.457 || 3170.8 |- | 5 || 3-5 || 2008-06-16_15-30-32_DATA.BSQ || 15:35:06 || 38.983 || 100.466 || 3221.9 || 6627 || 15:42:28 || 38.736 || 100.307 || 3227.9 |- | 6 || 3-6 || 2008-06-16_15-43-37_DATA.BSQ || 15:47:39 || 38.726 || 100.308 || 3249.2 || 7013 || 15:55:27 || 38.975 || 100.467 || 3219.1 |- | 7 || 3-7 || 2008-06-16_15-56-36_DATA.BSQ || 16:00:46 || 38.981 || 100.476 || -1.0 || 6639 || 16:08:09 || 38.732 || 100.317 || 3276.8 |- | 8 || 3-8 || 2008-06-16_16-09-18_DATA.BSQ || 16:13:15 || 38.723 || 100.317 || 3212.7 || 7106 || 16:21:09 || 38.973 || 100.479 || 3216.1 |- | 9 || 3-9 || 2008-06-16_16-22-18_DATA.BSQ || 16:26:28 || 38.981 || 100.490 || 3218.6 || 6850 || 16:34:05 || 38.725 || 100.325 || 3235.9 |- | 10 || 3-10 || 2008-06-16_16-35-14_DATA.BSQ || 16:39:23 || 38.716 || 100.326 || 3261.3 || 7056 || 16:47:14 || 38.967 || 100.488 || 3208.4 |- | 11 || 3-11 || 2008-06-16_16-48-23_DATA.BSQ || 16:52:44 || 38.976 || 100.501 || 3204.8 || 6902 || 17:00:24 || 38.725 || 100.338 || 3230.1 |- | 12 || 3-12 || 2008-06-16_17-01-33_DATA.BSQ || 17:05:19 || 38.710 || 100.336 || 3253.8 || 7033 || 17:13:08 || 38.965 || 100.500 || 3225.6 |- | 13 || 3-13 || 2008-06-16_17-14-17_DATA.BSQ || 17:19:01 || 38.973 || 100.511 || 3224.8 || 6831 || 17:26:36 || 38.722 || 100.349 || 3230.1 |- | 14 || 3-14 || 2008-06-16_17-27-46_DATA.BSQ || 17:32:06 || 38.706 || 100.346 || 3233.7 || 3235 || 17:35:44 || 38.830 || 100.426 || 3235.1 |- | 15 || 3-15 || 2008-06-16_17-36-54_DATA.BSQ || 17:35:51 || 38.8334 || 100.428 || 3235.8 || 3625 || 17:39:52 || 38.963 || 100.511 || 3250.6 |}
Liu Liangyun, LI Xin, MA Mingguo
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in L2, L4 and L5 of the A'rou foci experimental area on Mar. 19, 2008. The samples were collected every 100 m along the strip from south to north. In L2, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity were acquired by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). In L4, the soil temperature, soil volumetric moisture, the loss tangent, soil conductivity, and the real part and the imaginary part of soil complex permittivity were acquired by the POGO soil sensor, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the surface radiative temperature measured three times by the hand-held infrared thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). In L5, soil volumetric moisture was acquired by ML2X, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, and soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density after drying by the cutting ring (100cm^3). Surface roughness was detailed in the "WATER: Surface roughness dataset in the A'rou foci experimental area". Besides, GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) observations were also carried out in L6 and the handheld thermal imager observations in L4. Those provide reliable ground data for retrieval and validation of soil moisture and freeze/thaw status from active remote sensing approaches.
CAO Yongpan, GU Juan, HAN Xujun, LI Zhe, WANG Jianhua, Wang Weizhen, WU Yueru, ZHOU Hongmin, LI Hua, CHANG Cun, YU Meiyan, ZHAO Jin, PATRICK Klenk, SUN Jicheng, YAN Yeqing
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained along the sample lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jul. 8, 2008. 25 points at intervals of 100m were selected along each line. Simultaneous with the satellite overpass, numerous ground data were collected, soil gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and soil bulk density by the cutting ring, the mean soil temperature from 0-5cm by the probe thermometer, the canopy and the land surface temperature by the hand-held infrared thermometer. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
GE Chunmei, GE Yingchun, HU Xiaoli, HUANG Chunlin, LI Hongxing, WANG Yang, WANG Xufeng, WU Lizong, WU Yueru, ZHU Shijie, YU Fan, LI Xiaoyu
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) mission was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jul. 4, 2008. Observation items included: (1) the soil temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer from L1 to L8 (1km from one another) in Biandukou and soil moisture by ML2X; nine samples were collected every 200 m along each line (1.6km). (2) 5 quadrates (50cm×50cm) investigations including GPS, the vegetation cover types and the height, the actual numbering, the valve bag numbering, wet weight+the refuse bag (g), dry weight+the envelope (g), the envelope (g) and the photo numbering. The data were archived as Excel files.
CAO Yongpan, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, MA Mingguo, RAN Youhua, WANG Yang
The dataset of soil moisture profile (0cm, 20cm, 40cm and 1m) observations was obtained by TDR (with the probe 12cm and 20cm) in the Yingke oasis and Huazhaizi desert steppe foci experimental areas. Observation items included: (1) Soil moisture synchronizing with TM in Yingke oasis No. 1, 4 and 5 maize plots on May 20, 2008. (2) Soil moisture synchronizing with ASTER and MODIS in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on May 28, 2008. (3) Soil moisture synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner) in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on May 30, 2008. (4) Soil moisture synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner) in A'rou grassland on May 31, 2008. (5) Soil moisture synchronizing with OMIS-II in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on Jun. 4, 2008. (6) Soil moisture synchronizing with OMIS-II in Yingke oasis maize field on Jun. 16, 2008. (7) Soil moisture by TDR and the cutting ring, synchronizing with ASAR in Yingke oasis maize field and wheat field on Jun. 19, 2008. (8) Soil moisture synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner) in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on Jun. 29, 2008. (9) Soil moisture synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner) and TM in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on Jul. 7, 2008. (10) Soil moisture synchronizing with WiDAS (Wide-angle Infrared Dual-mode line/area Array Scanner) in Yingke oasis foci experimental areas on Jul. 11, 2008.
GE Yingchun, LI Li, XIN Xiaozhou, Zhang Yang, ZHOU Mengwei, YANG Tianfu, SHU Lele, WANG Jianhua, XU Zhen, FENG Lei, LIANG Wenguang, YU Fan, LI Xiaoyu, ZHU Xiaohua
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with MODIS was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area on Jun. 11, 2008. Simultaneous east-west ground measurements on the canopy temperature, the half-height temperature and the surface radiative temperature were carried out by the hand-held infrared thermometer at intervals of 125m in 8 quadrates (2km×2km), No.1 quadrate (H01-H08), No.2 quadrate (H09-H16), No.3 quadrate (H17-H24), No.4 quadrate (H25-H32), No.5 quadrate (H33-H40), No.6 quadrat (H41-H48), No.7 quadrate (H49-H56) and No.8 quadrat (H57-H64). Data were archived in Excel file. See WATER: Dataset of setting of the sampling plots and stripes in the foci experimental area of Linze station for more information.
CHAO Zhenhua, HUANG Chunlin, MA Mingguo, Qian Jinbo, RAN Youhua, WANG Xufeng, FENG Lei, YU Fan
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with Envisat ASAR was obtained in No. 1, 2 and 3 quadrates of the A'rou foci experimental area on Jul. 5 and Jul. 6, 2008. The Envisat ASAR data were in AP mode and VV/VH polarization combinations, and the overpass time was approximately at 11:14 BJT. The quadrates were divided into 4×4 subsites, with each one spanning a 30×30 m2 plot. Observation items included: (1) the quadrate investigation in No. 2 and 3 quadrates: GPS by GARMIN GPS 76, plant species by manual cognition, the plant number by manual work, the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, phenology by manual work, the coverage by manual work (compartmentalizing 0.5m×0.5m into 100 to see the percentage the stellera takes) and the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502. (2) spectrum of stellera and pasture by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. The preprocessed canopy spectrum was archived. (3) BRDF by ASD FieldSpec (350～2 500 nm), with 20% reference board. The processed reflectance and transmittivity were archived as .txt files. (4) photosynthesis of stellera and pasture by LI-6400. The data were archived in Excel format. (5) soil moisture by WET soil moisture tachometer. Acquisition time, soil moisture (%vol), Ecp (ms/m), Tmp Eb and Ecb (ms/m) of 25 corner points were archived. (6) the soil temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer. Acquisition time, the soil temperature measured three times and the land cover types were archived. The data included the canopy reflectance on Jul. 5 and 6, photosynthesis on Jul. 5 and 6, BRDF on Jul. 5, photos on Jul. 5, the infrared land surface temperature and soil moisture by WET on Jul. 5, biomass on Jul. 5 and the surface temperature along No. 3 flight on Jul. 6.
DING Songchuang, GE Yingchun, LI Hongyi, MA Mingguo, Qian Jinbo, WANG Yang, YU Yingjie, LIU Sihan
The dataset of ground-based RPG-8CH-DP microwave radiometer and ground truth observations for soil freeze/thaw cycle was obtained in the A'rou foci experimental area from Mar. 10 to 11, 2008. The radiometer was set 4.5m height above a smooth land, which was covered with snow less than 10cm deep. The field of view was roughly determined and not as ideal. Frozen soil was observed clockwise 240° and snow clockwise 270° with the truck head as the 0 degree azimuth; the elevation angle was set at -40° for the former, and from -20° to -70° for the latter. Observation items included surface soil moisture (microwave drying to get the gravimetric moisture), the soil temperature by the thermal resistor and vegetation. The shallow layer of the site was covered with withered grass with exuberant roots underground due to rich organic. The soil temperature changes were reflected by the thermal resistor and recorded by the DataTaker. The brightness temperature was archived as .BRT and .txt files (the ASCII format). Data in two formats were the same. Each row in .txt format was listed by year, month, date, hour, minute, second, 6.925GHz (h), 6.925GHz (v), 10.65GHz (h), 10.65GHz (v) , 18.7GHz (h), 18.7GHz (v), 36.5GHz (h), 36.5GHz (v), the elevation angle, and the azimuth angle. Values for 6.925GHz and 10.65GHz were zero due to disfunction.
CHANG Sheng, PAN Jinmei, PENG Danqing, ZHANG Zhiyu, ZHAO Shaojie, ZHENG Yue, YIN Xiaojun
The dataset of ground truth measurement synchronizing with the airborne microwave radiometers (L&K bands) was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from 11:20 to 12:30BJT on Mar. 19, 2008. Observation items included: (1) the frost depth by the chopstick and the ruler. The soil was considered frozen when it was hard and with ice crystal. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office Word. (2) the surface radiative temperature by the handheld infrared thermometer and the physical temperature by the thermocouple. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office Word. (3) the soil moisture (soil samples from 0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm) by the microwave drying method. The data can be opened by Microsoft Office Word. (4) photos of each sampling point in .jpg for further reference. Six data files were included, the ground-based K-band microwave radiometer, the ground-based L-band microwave radiometer, the frost depth, soil moisture, the surface temperature and the surface conditions.
CHANG Sheng, Fang Qian, QU Ying, LIANG Xingtao, LIU Zhigang, PAN Jinmei, PENG Danqing, REN Huazhong, ZHANG Yongpan, ZHANG Zhiyu, ZHAO Shaojie, Zhao Tianjie, ZHENG Yue, Zhou Ji, CHE Tao, LIU Chenzhou, YIN Xiaojun, ZHANG Zhiyu
The dateset of sun photometer observations was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from Mar. 7 to 17, 2008, simultaneous with MODIS and TM. Those provide reliable data for atmosphere correction of the same period in this area. Atmospheric parameters were measured by CE318. The optical depth in 1020nm, 936nm, 870nm, 670nm and 440nm were all acquired. Column water vapor can also be retrieved according to data in 936 nm. The dataset archived in txt files includes processed data on Mar. 7, 14 and 17 respectively.
SU Gaoli
The dataset of ground truth measurements synchronizing with PROBA CHRIS was obtained in 21 quadrates of the Biandukou foci experimental area on Jul. 18, 2008. Observation items included: (1) GPS by GARMIN GPS 76; (2) species by manual cognition; (3) the plant number by manual work, (4) the height by the measuring tape repeated 4-5 times, (5) the chlorophyll content by SPAD 502; (6) the coverage by manual work; (7) photo taking by Nikon D80 with a lens of Sigma 8mm F3.5 EX DG CIRCULAR FISHEYE, shooting straight downwards at the height of 1.5m; original photos were in JPG format and the processed data in Excel format. (8) the biomass (samples over 0.5m×0.5m) by wet weight and dry weight; as Excel files.
CAO Yongpan, LI Hongxing, LIU Chao, MA Mingguo, RAN Youhua, WANG Yang
The dateset of the ground-based RPG-8CH-DP microwave radiometer observations was obtained in the Biandukou foci experimental area from Mar. 14 to 17, 2008. Observation items included the brightness temperature by the ground-based microwave radiometer (18.7GHz and 36.5GHz), the soil temperature by the thermal resistor, the gravimetric soil moisture by the microwave drying method, and the surface roughness by the grid board. The wheat stubble land (38°15'44.13"N, 100°55'35.34"E) was chosen for continuous observations from 11:00 to 24:00 on Mar. 14, with the incidence 20°-70° and the step length 5°. The rape stubble land (38°15'23.17"N, 100°58'37.84"E) was chosen for continuous observations from 10:00 to 21:30 on Mar. 16, with the incidence 20°-70° and the step length 5°. The deep plowed land (38°18'8.28"N, 101° 3'27.22"E) was chosen for short time observations from 17:26 to 19:20 on Mar. 17, with the azimuth angle 240°-300° and the step length 10°, the incidence 40°-70° and the step length 5°. The brightness temperature was archived as .BRT and .txt files (the ASCII format). Each row in .txt was listed by year, month, date, hour, minute, second, 6.925GHz (h), 6.925GHz (v), 10.65GHz (h), 10.65GHz (v) , 18.7GHz (h), 18.7GHz (v), 36.5GHz (h), 36.5GHz (v), the elevation angle, and the azimuth angle. Values for 6.925GHz and 10.65GHz were zero due to malfunction. The roughness data were obtained by the grid board and the camera and the RMS height (cm) and correlation length (cm) were also calculated and archived, which could be opened by Notepad or Microsoft Office Word. Those provide reliable reference for the roughness of the same land cover type. The gravimetric soil moisture (soil samples from 0-1cm, 1-3cm and 3-5cm) was measured by the microwave drying method. The file can be opened by Microsoft Office Word. The shallow layer soil moisture was measured by hydra prob from 12:00 to 17:00 on 14 and by the Hydra probe (straight downward for 0-5cm) and HH2 (level into the soil surface) on 16. The surface temperature was measured by the thermal resistor. The file can be opened by Microsoft Office Word. Four data files were included, the brightness temperature, the surface temperature, the soil moisture and the surface roughness.
CHANG Sheng, LIANG Xingtao, PAN Jinmei, PENG Danqing, ZHANG Yongpan, ZHANG Zhiyu, ZHAO Shaojie, Zhao Tianjie, ZHENG Yue, YIN Xiaojun, ZHANG Zhiyu
The dataset of ground-based microwave scatterometer (C-5 and LS-C-5; S-3; LS-S-3) and ground truth observations was obtained in the Linze grassland foci experimental area. Besides, TDR-200 was also used. Observation items included: (1) soil moisture of the grassland on Jul. 9, 2008. HH, HV, VV and VH polarization combinations were applied. (2) soil moisture of the maize field on Jul. 10, 2008. VV, HH, VH and HV polarization combinations were applied. (3) humidity of the grassland at around 11:30am on Jul. 11, 2008. VH, HH, VV and HV polarization combinations were applied.
CHEN Yan, JIA Mingquan, JIA Mingquan, LIU Zengcan, LIU Zengcan, XU Chunliang, QIN Wei, ZHAO Zizheng
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