Numerical test: The climate model used is the regional climate model RegCM4.1. RegCM4.1 developed by the Italian Research Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP). In the test of regional model simulation, the horizontal resolution of the atmospheric model is 50 km and the vertical direction is 18 layers; Online coupling sand dust module. Sea surface temperature The sea surface temperature interpolated by OISST is used. The test includes two groups: the Middle Paleocene topographic test (MP,~60Ma BP, test name 60ma_regcm4.1_xxx. nc) and the Late Oligocene (LO,~25Ma BP, test name 25ma_regcM4.1_xxx. nc) The MP regional terrain modification test removed the northern part of the plateau and approximately replaced the terrain distribution of Asian land during the 60Ma period. BP regional terrain modification test only removed the terrain of Pamirs Plateau, approximately replacing the terrain distribution of Asian land during the 25Ma period. The sand and dust source areas of the two tests have not changed, and the sand and dust circulation process has been opened online. Output time: All tests were integrated for 22 years, using the average results of the last 20 years of each test. The data can be used to explain the difference of drought evolution in different regions around the plateau.
SUN Hui
The dataset includes three high-resolution DSM data as well as Orthophoto Maps of Kuqionggangri Glacier, which were measured in September 2020, June 2021 and September 2021. The dataset is generated using the image data taken by Dajiang Phantom 4 RTK UAV, and the products are generated through tilt photogrammetry technology. The spatial resolution of the data reaches 0.15 m. This dataset is a supplement to the current low-resolution open-source topographic data, and can reflect the surface morphological changes of Kuoqionggangri Glacier from 2020 to 2021. The dataset helps to accurately study the melting process of Kuoqionggangri Glacier under climate change.
LIU Jintao
The riverbed surface of the main channel in Nyangqu river is composed of gravel particles with wide grain size distribution. there are abundant gravel particles on the beach and riverbed. In this investigation, the bed surface grain size distribution of the main channel and tributaries of the Nyangqu river was measured. This data set contains the information of the five sampling locations in five main channels and two locations in tributaries of the Nyangqu River Basin (Table 1) and the bed surface grain size distribution (Table 2). The sampling locations were generally selected near the cross-section with obvious riverbed. It was considered that water flow through these sections in the straight channel for a long. At the same time, because it was a dry season, the bed grain size distribution on the river beach could be considered as the movement of gravel bedload carried by the last flood season. Therefore, it was considered that the bed grain size distribution in the sampling area on the river beach in the dry season was the bedload size distribution in the flood season. The grain size distributions were measured by the automatic identification method of full particle size based on image processing (e.g., Baserain software), with high identification accuracy of sediment particles is high. It is of great value to the scientific research on the evolution of source to sink process，bedlaod transport, and flood numerical simualtion， as well as the basic research on the flash flood prevention and control.
LUO Ming, HUANG Er, YAN Xufeng, MA Xudong, WANG Lu
The multi-scale dataset of environment and element-at-risk for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau includes geomorphic data, normalized vegetation index data, annual temperature and rainfall data, and disaster bearing value grade data, covering an area of 6.56 million square kilometers. The data set is mainly prepared for disaster and risk assessment. Due to the huge coverage, the geomorphic data adopts 150m spatial resolution and other data adopts 1000m spatial resolution. Geomorphology, vegetation index, temperature and rainfall data are mainly produced by processing open source data, and disaster bearing value grade data are produced by superposition calculation, comprehensively considering population data, night light index, buildings and surface cover types.
TANG Chenxiao
The dataset based on synthesized data from 1114 sites across the Tibetan permafrost region which report that paleoclimate is more important than modern climate in shaping current permafrost carbon distribution.A new estimate of modern soil carbon stock to 3m depth on Tibetan permafrost region was derived by machine learning algorithm, including factors such as climate (paleoclimate and modern climate), vegetation, soil (soil thickness and soil physical and chemical properties, etc.) and topography. This dataset shows that ecosystem models clearly underestimated the Tibetan soil carbon stock, due to the absence of paleoclimate effects in the model. Future modelling of soil carbon cycling should include paleoclimate .
DING Jinzhi
The Cenozoic strata developed within and around the Tibetan Plateau, contain fruitful information on the tectonic evolution, paleoenvironment and paleoclimate changes. It's very significant on revealing the history of the uplift and deformation of the Tibetan Plateau and its relevant effects on the regional and even global environment and climate. This data set contains several well developed sections, which have been identified by the systematic geological survey. Depending on the tools (e.g. GPS, geological compass) in the fieldwork, we have finished the geological measurements and descriptions of these sections as well as the relevant geological maps. It includes a 90-m loess deposit of the Duikang section in the Linxia basin, several fluvial and lacustrine deposits (such as the 1890-m Dayu section in the Lunpola basin, the 300-m Shuanghe section in the Jianchuan basin, the 252-m Caijiachong section in the Qujing basin) and a 932-m saline lacustrine deposit with gypsolyte of the Jiangcheng section in the Simao basin. This data set provides a solid geological foundation for the following researches on stratigraphic chronology, tectonic evolution, paleoenvironment and paleoclimate, and so forth.
FANG Xiaomin , FANG Xiaomin, YAN Maodu, ZHANG Weilin, ZHANG Dawen
Topographic data of China Pakistan Economic Corridor and Tianshan Mountains are produced by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The 30m digital elevation model (DEM) (2006-2011) of China Pakistan Economic Corridor and Tianshan Mountains describes the ground elevation information, which is an important raw data for studying and analyzing terrain, watershed and feature recognition. It is widely used in surveying and mapping, hydrology, hydrology, meteorology, geomorphology, geology, soil, engineering construction and other fields of national economy as well as humanities and natural sciences. In terms of flood control and disaster reduction, DEM is the basis for hydrological analysis, such as catchment area analysis, water network analysis, rainfall analysis, flood storage calculation, inundation analysis, etc; At the same time, DEM data can reflect local terrain features with a certain resolution. Through DEM, a large amount of surface morphology information can be extracted, which can be used to draw contour lines, elevation maps, slope maps, water system maps, three-dimensional perspective maps, three-dimensional landscape maps, and used to make orthophotos, three-dimensional terrain models, and map revision. The horizontal resolution of the data is 30m (1 arc second), and the elevation accuracy is 5m. It is one of the most accurate terrain data in the world. The data download address is https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d30/data/ 。
QIU Haijun
Through the investigation of tourist spots, tourist routes and tourist areas at different levels, form photos and video data of tourism resources, tourism services and tourism facilities of scenic spots, scenic spots, corridors and important tourism transportation nodes, tourism villages and tourism towns, record the tourism development status, find problems in tourism development, and form corresponding ideas for the construction of world tourism destinations; The data sources are UAV, tachograph and camera, mobile phone and GPS, and are divided into different folders according to scenic spots and data categories; The data has been checked for many times to ensure its authenticity; This data can provide a traceable basis for the construction of world tourism destinations on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
SHI Shanshan
On October 24, 2019 and June 9, 2021, the special group conducted UAV flight operations in the debris flow gullies of Jilong gully, Tianmo gully and Guxiang gully in Bomi County, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region, and generated the real three-dimensional model and digital surface model (DSM) of the debris flow gully in the demonstration area; In 2020, he worked in Kada village, Bomi county and generated real 3D model, digital surface model, digital orthophoto (DOM) and digital elevation model (DEM); On June 9, 2021, it was operated again in guxianggou to obtain the real 3D model and digital surface model. The spatial resolution of the above products is about 0.1M, and the main processing methods are as follows: (1) The real scene 3D modeling method based on UAV remote sensing can obtain rich texture information and generate dense 3D point clouds by using UAV photogrammetry technology. Combined with automatic real scene 3D modeling technology, the real 3D scene can be obtained. (2) The obtained three-dimensional model is optimized by cavity repair and filtering, which effectively fills the water cavity in the three-dimensional model. (3) Based on 3D modeling, DSM data of the demonstration area can be directly generated in CC. (4) Use mapmatrix to interpolate the polygon of DSM, erase the height of vegetation and other ground objects, and get DEM data. (5) The accuracy of 3D modeling is optimized by pricking operation.
HUANG Fang , PENG Shuying
The data is the large-scale DSM data of debris flow gully area generated by using the purchased resource No. 3 satellite remote sensing image of the demonstration area and based on the stereo image pair matching method. The processing method is as follows: (1) Due to the large amount of cloud and shadow noise in the original image, this study uses IDL language to develop and form a special denoising and information completion program for satellite images in cloudy mountainous areas. (2) The emmetropia correction image is used as the left image and the front view correction image is the right image. Envi is used for DSM production. (3) Using aster-dem data with 30 m resolution, at least 4 typical ground control points are selected for geographic correction to ensure that the geographic coordinate error is in the order of 1 ". (4) Cross entropy, root mean square error and area error information entropy are used as accuracy evaluation indexes. Compared with the DSM obtained from the original data, it is verified that the imaging accuracy of the processed DSM is improved.
HUANG Fang , PENG Shuying
Based on the distribution locations of the Qinghai toad-headed lizard (Phrynocephalus vlangalii) collected by field investigation and literature investigation, combined with five climate factors from WorldClim database, the current (1960-1990) and future (2061-2080) climate data were input into the trained species distribution model to predict the current and future suitable habitats. The prediction results shows that the lizard will lose a lot of original habitats under the climate change, and the protection measures for the lizard species should focus on the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the northern and eastern parts of Qaidam Basin. The model also predicts that after the climate change, new suitable habitats will appear in areas that were not suitable for the Qinghai toad-headed lizard. However, due to the very limited diffusion ability of reptiles (the maximum annual diffusion distance recorded in the literature is less than 500m), the newly emerging suitable habitats may not be used by the Qinghai toad-headed lizard. Meanwhile, based on the physiological, life history, behavior and morphological data of three altitudinal populations of the Qinghai toad-headed lizard collected by field work, and combined with microclimate data, the physiological consequences of climate change on the Qinghai toad-headed lizard in the current suitable distribution area were predicted by using the mechanism niche model. The prediction results of the model show that, whether in the SSP245 or SSP585 climate change scenarios, the activity time of the lizard will increase in most areas (> 93%) of the current suitable distribution area, and the thermal safety threshold will decrease in all places of the current suitable distribution area. The increase of activity time of high-altitude populations is less than that of low-altitude populations, but the decrease of thermal safety threshold is greater than that of low-altitude populations. The results reveal that climate change may have a greater impact on lizard populations in high altitude areas.
ZENG Zhigao
This data set is the global high accuracy global elevation control point dataset, including the geographic positioning, elevation, acquisition time and other information of each elevation control point. The accuracy of laser footprint elevation extracted from satellite laser altimetry data is affected by many factors, such as atmosphere, payload instrument noise, terrain fluctuation in laser footprint and so on. The dataset extracted from the altimetry observation data of ICESat satellite from 2003 to 2009 through the screening criteria constructed by the evaluation label and ranging error model, in order to provide global high accuracy elevation control points for topographic map or other scientific fields relying on good elevation information. It has been verified that the elevation accuracy of flat (slope<2°), hilly (2°≤slope<6°), and mountain (6°≤slope<25°) areas meet the accuracy requirements of 0.5m, 1.5m, and 3m respectively.
XIE Huan, LI Binbin, TONG Xionghua, TANG Hong, LIU Shijie, JIN Yanmin, WANG Chao, YE Zhen, CHEN Peng, XU Xiong, LIU Sicong, FENG Yongjiu
The data is vectorized from the national 1 ∶ 100W digital geological map spatial database. According to the regional scope of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor and the division mode of 1:100w topographic map, the geological maps of h45, h46, H47, h48, i45, i46, I47 and i48 are used. The data source format is WP area file, which is converted into SHP format vector file by relevant software, which can be viewed and edited by arcigs software. This data contains basic geological information such as stratum, stratum symbol and rock type. The acquisition of geological data can basically understand the stratum and lithology within the scope of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, which is conducive to tracing the geological conditions of debris flow and landslide disasters.
WANG Lixuan
The data comes from radar topographic mapping SRTM product, and the download address is http://gdex.cr.usgs.gov/gdex/ 。 Import the SHP boundary of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor on the download website to select the map within the study area and merge it into one by using ArcGIS software. The accuracy of the data is 90m, and the format is grid data. The data size is 136mb. The area is Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor. This data is applicable to the extraction of 1:100000 relevant topographic data, such as slope, aspect, river network and other topographic factor data. As the basic data for the topographic analysis of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, it is helpful to understand the topographic and geomorphic characteristics of the whole region and is of great significance to the disaster risk management and decision-making level of a large region.
WANG Lixuan
The data is from JAXA earth observation research center（ http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d30/ ）The product is alos World 3D - 30m (aw3d30). Select and download the map by importing the SHP boundary of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, and merge it into one by using relevant software. The format is raster data, the spatial resolution is 30m, and the data size is 1.3GB. The DEM data can generate topographic factor data such as slope, aspect and river network by using relevant software. They are the basic data for topographic analysis of Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, help to understand the geomorphic form of the basin, and are also the key factors for disaster zoning research and risk assessment. The acquisition of high-precision DEM is of great significance for disaster risk management and decision-making level and reducing the loss of major geological disasters.
SUI Tianbo
Based on China's daily meteorological elements data set and National Geographic basic data, the extreme precipitation, extreme temperature, drought intensity, drought frequency and other indicators in Hengduan Mountain area were calculated by using rclimdex, nspei and bilinear interpolation methods. The data set includes basic data set of disaster pregnant environment, basic data set of extreme precipitation index, basic data set of extreme temperature index, basic data set of drought intensity and frequency. The data set can provide a basic index system for regional extreme high temperature, precipitation and drought risk assessment.
SUN Peng
Hengduanshan multi-scale disaster causing, disaster pregnant and disaster bearing data spatiotemporal unified data set includes a series of geomorphic data derived from elevation data, annual average normalized vegetation index data, annual average temperature and rainfall data, and night light data of viirs. The geomorphological data cover Hengduanshan area, the vegetation and climate data cover the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and the nighttime lamp index data cover the whole country. Data collection time varies according to different sources, with the earliest in 2000 and the latest in 2018. The data set is mainly prepared for disaster and risk assessment. In this data set, these data are processed by resampling, spatial correction, optical correction, geomorphic factor calculation, spatial statistics and other processes. The accuracy of the data is consistent with the original accuracy of the data source, and has not been processed by fuzzy processing such as downsampling. In the process of processing, the scientific standard process is used to distinguish continuous and discontinuous data, so as to minimize the data loss in the process of processing.
TANG Chenxiao
1) Data content (including elements and significance) This data set contains information of flow direction, accumulation of vector river network of Lancang Mekong River Basin. <br><br> 2) Data sources and processing methods In this data set, the remote sensing stream buring (RSSB) method (Wang et al., 2021) is adopted, and the high-precision elevation model MERIT-DEM and Sentinel-2 optical imagery are fused. <br><br> 3) Data quality description Validations show that this data set has high spatial accuracy (Wang et al, 2021). <br><br> 4) Data application achievements and Prospects This data set provides basic information of river networks, which can be used for hydrological model, land surface model, earth system model, as well as for mapping and spatial statistical analysis.
WANG Zifeng
1) Data content (including elements and significance) This data set contains information of flow direction, accumulation of vector river network of Lancang Mekong River Basin. <br><br> 2) Data sources and processing methods In this data set, the remote sensing stream buring (RSSB) method (Wang et al., 2021) is adopted, and the high-precision elevation model MERIT-DEM and Sentinel-2 optical imagery are fused. <br><br> 3) Data quality description Validations show that this data set has high spatial accuracy (Wang et al, 2021). <br><br> 4) Data application achievements and Prospects This data set provides basic information of river networks, which can be used for hydrological model, land surface model, earth system model, as well as for mapping and spatial statistical analysis.
WANG Zifeng
1) Data content (including elements and significance) This data set contains information of flow direction, accumulation of vector river network of Lancang Mekong River Basin. <br><br> 2) Data sources and processing methods In this data set, the remote sensing stream buring (RSSB) method (Wang et al., 2021) is adopted, and the high-precision elevation model MERIT-DEM and Sentinel-2 optical imagery are fused. <br><br> 3) Data quality description Validations show that this data set has high spatial accuracy (Wang et al, 2021). <br><br> 4) Data application achievements and Prospects This data set provides basic information of river networks, which can be used for hydrological model, land surface model, earth system model, as well as for mapping and spatial statistical analysis.
WANG Zifeng
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