Based on the monthly precipitation data of 262 rain gauges, WRF and ERA5 precipitation data in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin, the daily precipitation data with a resolution of 10km from 1951 to 2020 in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin and seven sub basins are reconstructed using random forest learning algorithm. This data has been verified by the single point of the station and performs well in terms of annual and seasonal changes. And the data has been reverse evaluated by the hydrological model, which is used to drive the VIC hydrological model to simulate the runoff change of Yajiang River basin and each sub basin, and verified by the measured runoff, MODIS and glacier cataloging data. On the basis of the original first edition, this data has considered the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation, which can better describe the precipitation characteristics in alpine regions.
SUN He
The ground-based observation dataset of aerosol optical properties over the Tibetan Plateau was obtained by continuous observation with a Cimel 318 sunphotometer, involving two stations: Qomolangma Station and Nam Co Station. These products have taken the process of cloud detection. The data cover the period from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021, and the time resolution is daily. The sunphotometer has eight observation channels from visible light to near infrared, and the central wavelengths are 340, 380, 440, 500, 670, 870, 940 and 1120 nm, respectively. The field of view angle of the instrument is 1.2°, and the sun tracking accuracy is 0.1°. Six bands of aerosol optical thickness can be obtained from direct solar radiation, and the accuracy is estimated to be 0.01-0.02. Finally, AERONET unified inversion algorithm was used to obtain the aerosol optical thickness, Ångström index, aerosol particle size distribution, single scattering albedo, phase function, complex refraction index and asymmetry factor.
CONG Zhiyuan
The triple pole aerosol type data product is an aerosol type result obtained through a series of data pre-processing, quality control, statistical analysis and comparative analysis processes by comprehensively using MEERA 2 assimilation data and active satellite CALIPSO products. The key of the aerosol type fusion algorithm is to judge the aerosol type of CALIPSO. During the data fusion of aerosol type, the final aerosol type data (12 types in total) and quality control results in the three polar regions are obtained according to the types and quality control of CALIPSO aerosol types and referring to MERRA 2 aerosol types. The data product fully considers the vertical and spatial distribution of aerosols, and has a high spatial resolution (0.625 ° × 0.5 °) and time resolution (month).
ZHAO Chuanfeng
Water cover is one of the basic parameters of water cycle and energy balance. Based on the AVHRR daily reflectance time series from 1982 to 2020, this data set has produced 39 year long-term daily water body mapping products (including water body icing information) on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This dataset contains 39 folders, named after the year (from 1982 to 2020). Each folder contains 365 / 366 GeoTIFF files, and each file contains two bands: (1) water mapping band (waterlayer); (2) Quality control information band (QC). This product provides data support for remote sensing monitoring of water bodies in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
JI Luyan
Based on the Sentinel-2 and Landsat 5/7/8 multispectral instrument imageries combined with in-situ measured hydrological data, bankfull river geometry of six major exorheic river basins of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (the upper Yellow River, upper Jinsha River, Yalong River, Lantsang River, Nu River and Yalung Zangbo River) are presented. River surface of six mainstreams and major tributaries are included. For each river basin, two types of rivers are included: connected and disconnected rivers. Format of the dataset is .shp exported from the ArcGIS 10.5. Three products are included in the dataset: one original product (bankfull river surface dataset) and two derived products (bankfull river width dataset and bankfull river surface area dataset with a 1 km river length interval). These three products are in three folders. The first folder, “1-Bankfull River Surface”, contains river surface vectors for six river basins in the .shp file. The second folder, “2-Bankfull River Width”, contains bankfull river widths and corresponding coordinates with a 1 km-step river length for six mainstreams and some connected tributaries in .xlsx format. The river width vectors in the .shp files are also provided in the second folder. The third folder, “3-Bankfull River Surface Area”, contains bankfull river surface areas and corresponding coordinates with a 1 km-step river length for six mainstreams and some connected tributaries in .xlsx format. Three Supplementary Files are included: Supplementary File 1, tables and figures related to the dataset; Supplementary File 2, used for river surface extraction based on GEE platform; Supplementary File 3, used for river width extraction based on Matlab. The provided planform river hydromorphology data can supplement global hydrography datasets and effectively represent the combined fluvial geomorphology and geological background in the study area.
LI Dan , XUE Yuan , QIN Chao , WU Baosheng , CHEN Bowei , WANG Ge
Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) refers to the percentage of the vertical projected area of vegetation to the total area of the study area. It is an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of ecological protection and ecological restoration. It is widely used in the fields of climate, ecology, soil erosion and so on. FVC is not only an ideal parameter to reflect the productivity of vegetation, but also can play a good role in evaluating topographic differences, climate change and regional ecological environment quality. This research work is mainly to post process two sets of glass FVC data, and give a more reliable vegetation coverage of the circumpolar Arctic Circle (north of 66 ° n) and the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (north of 26 ° n to 39.85 °, east longitude 73.45 ° to 104.65 °) in 2013 and 2018 through data fusion, elimination of outliers and clipping.
YE Aizhong
NDVI reflects the background effects of plant canopy, such as soil, wet ground, snow, dead leaves, roughness, etc., and is related to vegetation cover. It is one of the important parameters to reflect the crop growth and nutrient information. According to this parameter, the N demand of crops in different seasons can be known, which is an important guide to the reasonable application of N fertilizer. Correct NDVI (C-NDVI) is the value of NDVI after excluding the influence of climate elements (temperature, precipitation, etc.) on NDVI. Taking precipitation as an example, studies on the lag effect of precipitation on vegetation growth show that the lag time of precipitation effects varies in different regions due to differences in vegetation composition and soil types. In this study, we post-processed the MODIS NDVI data and firstly correlated the NDVI value of the current month with the precipitation of the current month, the average value of the precipitation of the current month with that of the previous month, and the average value of the precipitation of the current month with that of the previous two months to determine the optimal lag time. The NDVI was regressed on precipitation and air temperature to obtain the correlation coefficients, and then the corrected NDVI values were calculated by the difference between the MODIS NDVI and the NDVI regressed on climate factors. We corrected NDVI using climate data to give reliable vegetation correction indices for the circum-Arctic Circle (range north of 66°N) and the Tibetan Plateau (range 26°N to 39.85°N and 73.45°E to 104.65°E) for 2013 and 2018. The spatial resolution of the data is 0.5 degrees and the temporal resolution is monthly values.
YE Aizhong
The data of Cenozoic plant macrofossils on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau includes leaves, seeds and fruits. It includes Latin and Chinese names of families, genera and species, times, places of origin, morphological descriptions, discussions, specimens and references. The species names are assigned according to the original literature. For fossil records revised by later research, the revised records were chosen; The age of the origin (fossil site) is assigned according to the latest literature. The terms and description paradigm of leaf shape description are referred to the book "Leaf Structure Manual"; The length, angle, and other measurement data in the description are derived from the original literature. The fossil records of the document are sorted alphabetically by Latin initials of families and genera. The data can provide important clues for studying the coupling relationship between the environmental climate changed and the evolution of vegetation and plant diversity in the Cenozoic Qinghai Tibetan Plateau.
ZHOU Zhekun , LIU Jia , CHEN Linlin , ROBERT Spicer , LI Shufeng , HUANG Jian , ZHANG Shitao , HUANG Yongjiang , JIA Linbo , HU Jinjin , SU Tao
The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is known as the "Asian water tower", and its runoff, as an important and easily accessible water resource, supports the production and life of billions of people around, and supports the diversity of ecosystems. Accurately estimating the runoff of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and revealing the variation law of runoff are conducive to water resources management and disaster risk avoidance in the plateau and its surrounding areas. The glacier runoff segmentation data set covers the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from 1971 to 2015, with a time resolution of year by year, covering the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (the source of the Yellow River, the source of the Yangtze River, the source of the Lancang River, the source of the Nujiang River, and the source of the Yarlung Zangbo River), and the spatial resolution is the watershed. Based on multi-source remote sensing and measured data, it is simulated using the distributed hydrological model vic-cas coupled with the glacier module, The simulation results are verified with the measured data of the station, and all the data are subject to quality control.
WANG Shijin
Known as the "Asian water tower", the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the source of many rivers in Southeast Asia. As an important and easily accessible water resource, the runoff provided by it supports the production and life of billions of people around it and the diversity of the ecosystem. The glacier runoff data set in the five river source areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau covers the period from 2005 to 2010, with a time resolution of every five years. It covers the source areas of the five major rivers in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (the source of the Yellow River, the source of the Yangtze River, the source of the Lancang River, the source of the Nujiang River, and the source of the Yarlung Zangbo River). The spatial resolution is 1km. Based on multi-source remote sensing, simulation, statistics, and measured data, GIS methods and ecological economics methods are used, The value of water resources service in the cryosphere in the source area of the river and river is quantified, and all its data are subject to quality control.
WANG Shijin
To explore inorganic hydrochemical characteristics of the upper Yarlung Zangbo River, water samples were collected from the main stream and different tributaries in this region in August 2020. The water was collected with 100mL polyethylene (PE) plastic bottle, and the basic physical and chemical parameters such as pH value (±0.2) and dissolved oxygen (±1%) of the sampling site were measured by multi -parameter water quality monitor (YSI-EX02,USA).,and HCO3- concentration was titrated with 0.025mol/L HCl.The concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, NO3- and Cl- ions were analyzed and determined by ion chromatograph (Shenhan CIC-D160, China) in the laboratory. Using Gibbs model, correlation analysis and principal component analysis method, analyzed the one main ion concentration changes, chemical composition characteristics, analytical, and the ion source was designed to reveal inorganic water chemical characteristics of The Tibet plateau glacier melt water runoff, and for plateau typical river water and changing trend forecast provides the basis.
NIU Fengxia
The dataset includes three high-resolution DSM data as well as Orthophoto Maps of Kuqionggangri Glacier, which were measured in September 2020, June 2021 and September 2021. The dataset is generated using the image data taken by Dajiang Phantom 4 RTK UAV, and the products are generated through tilt photogrammetry technology. The spatial resolution of the data reaches 0.15 m. This dataset is a supplement to the current low-resolution open-source topographic data, and can reflect the surface morphological changes of Kuoqionggangri Glacier from 2020 to 2021. The dataset helps to accurately study the melting process of Kuoqionggangri Glacier under climate change.
LIU Jintao
1) Soil environmental quality data of typical industrial parks in Huangshui basin of Qinghai Province provide basic support for soil pollution control caused by regional industrial activities; 2) The data source is the soil samples of typical areas in Huangshui River Basin. After collection, the samples are quickly stored in the refrigerator at - 4 ℃ and sent to the laboratory as soon as possible. After pretreatment, the relevant parameters are tested; 3) The process of sample collection and transportation meets the specifications, and the experimental detection process strictly follows the relevant standards. Due to the changes of various factors of soil environment, the results are only aimed at the investigation results; 4) The data can be used to analyze regional soil pollution and heavy metal risk assessment;
WANG Lingqing
This data is the plant diversity and distribution data of chnz016 grid on Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including the Chinese name, Latin name, latitude and longitude, altitude, collection number, number of molecular materials, number of specimens, administrative division, small place, collector, collection time and creator of plants in this grid. The data is obtained from e scientific research website（ http://ekk.kib.ac.cn/web/index/#/ ）And partially complete the identification. This data has covered the list and specific distribution information of all plants in this flora. This data can be used not only to study the floristic nature of this region, but also to explore the horizontal and vertical gradient pattern of plants in this region.
DENG Tao
This data is the plant diversity and distribution data of chnac006 grid on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including the Chinese name, Latin name, latitude and longitude, altitude, collection number, number of molecular materials, number of specimens, administrative division, small place, collector, collection time and creator of plants in this grid. The data is obtained from e scientific research website（ http://ekk.kib.ac.cn/web/index/#/ ）And partially complete the identification. This data has covered the list and specific distribution information of more than 600 species of plants in more than 200 genera and 91 families in this flora. This data can be used not only to study the floristic nature of this region, but also to explore the horizontal and vertical gradient pattern of plants in this region.
DENG Tao
The dataset contains microbial amplicon sequencing data from a total of 269 ice samples collected from 15 glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau from November 2016 to August 2020, including 24K Glacier (24K), Dongkemadi Glacier (DKMD), Dunde Glacier (DD), Jiemayangzong Glacier (JMYZ), Kuoqionggangri Glacier (KQGR), Laigu Glacier (LG), Palung 4 Glacier (PL4), Qiangtang 1 Glacier (QT), Qiangyong Glacier (QY), Quma Glacier (QM), Tanggula Glacier (TGL), Xiagangjiang Glacier (XGJ), Yala Glacier (YA), Zepugou Glacier (ZPG), ZhufengDongrongbu Glacier (ZF). The sampling areas ranged in latitude and longitude from 28.020°N to 38.100°N and 86.28°E to 95.651°E. The 16s rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 515F/907R (or 515F/806R) primers and sequenced with the Illumina Hiseq2500 sequencing platform to obtain raw data. The selected primer sequences were "515F_GTGYCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA; 907R_CCGTCAATTCMTTTRAGTTT" "515F_GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGG; 806R_ GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT". The uploaded data include: sample number, sample description, sampling time, latitude and longitude coordinates, sample type, sequencing target, sequencing fragment, sequencing primer, sequencing platform, data format and other basic information. The sequencing data are stored in sequence file data format forward *.1.fq.gz and reverse *.2.fq.gz compressed files.
LIU Yongqin
This data is the plant diversity and distribution data of chnyb013 grid on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including the Chinese name, Latin name, latitude and longitude, altitude, collection number, number of molecular materials, number of specimens, administrative division, small place, collector, collection time and creator of plants in this grid. The data is obtained from e scientific research website（ http://ekk.kib.ac.cn/web/index/#/ ）And partially complete the identification. This data has covered a large number of plant catalogues and specific distribution information in this flora. This data can be used not only to study the floristic nature of this region, but also to explore the horizontal and vertical gradient pattern of plants in this region.
DENG Tao
This data is the plant diversity and distribution data of the chnab005 grid on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including the Chinese name, Latin name, latitude and longitude, altitude, collection number, number of molecular materials, number of specimens, administrative division, small place, collector, collection time and creator of the plants in this grid. This data is obtained from e-Science website（ http://ekk.kib.ac.cn/web/index/#/ ）And partially complete the identification. This data has covered the list of plants in this flora and the specific distribution information. This data can be used not only to study the floristic nature of this region, but also to explore the horizontal and vertical gradient pattern of plants in this region. What is different from last year is that the grid with the most scientific research data this year has changed, which may be affected by the epidemic or the environment.
DENG Tao
To fully implement the measures for the administration of the scientific data for the "government budget funding for formation of the scientific data shall, in accordance with the open as normal, not open for exception principle, by the competent department to organize the formulation of scientific data resources directory, the directory should be timely access to the national data sharing and data exchange platform, open to society and relevant departments to share, In the spirit of unimpeded military-civilian sharing channels for scientific data, and in accordance with the relevant requirements of relevant exchange standards and specifications, this code is now established for the second Comprehensive scientific investigation and research project on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The main drafting unit of this code: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. Main draftsman of this specification: project group 9 of the second Comprehensive Scientific investigation and research Mission of qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
YANG Yaping
Log and image are unique and important primary data of field research, and also an important part of scientific data. In order to further standardize the collection, collation, warehousing and exchange of expedition logs and image data of the second Comprehensive scientific investigation and research project on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and ensure the operability, organization and standardization of the warehousing of expedition logs and image data, this technical specification is formulated. This specification provides procedures and methods for the collection and collation of investigation logs and image data, including work preparation, field investigation, data collation and other requirements, in order to better serve the storage of investigation data. This specification applies to the collation and storage of log and image data of field investigations organized by the second Comprehensive scientific investigation and research project on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and other relevant data formed by field investigations can also be carried out by reference to this technical specification.
YANG Yaping
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