This dataset includes the concentration and distribution data of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Yarlung Tsangpo River and three major rivers in Hengduan Mountain region. The samples were collected in 2020 and 2021 from 83 locations in four major rivers, including the Yarlung Tsangpo, Nu, Lancang and Jinsha Rivers. The water samples were prepared by solid phase extraction, purification, concentration steps, and then determined by HPLC (ThermoFisher Scientific, USA) coupled to a TSQ Quantiva triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The target compounds included 10 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and 3 perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs). Specifically, perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA),perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrA), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). In the process of sample pretreatment, isotope labeled recovery standards were added, and the sample recovery was calculated to be between 53% and 96%. Conventional water quality test parameters include temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, salinity, and dissolved organic carbon. The accuracy of the parameters were 0.1℃, 0.01mg/L, 0.01, 0.1μS/cm, 0.01ppt and 0.01mg/L, respectively. Among them, the dissolved organic carbon was measured by TOC analyzer, and the other water quality parameters were measured by YSI ProPlus portable multi-parameter water quality instrument. This dataset can provide a scientific basis for mapping the spatial distribution of organic pollution over the Tibetan Plateau and assessing the water quality safety of water towers in Asia.
REN Jiao , WANG Xiaoping
The temperature humidity index (THI) was proposed by J.E. Oliver in 1973. Its physical meaning is the temperature after humidity correction. It considers the comprehensive impact of temperature and relative humidity on human comfort. It is an important index to measure regional climate comfort. On the basis of referring to the existing classification standards of physiological and climatic evaluation indexes, combined with the natural and geographical characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and facing the needs of human settlements suitability evaluation in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the temperature and humidity index and its suitability zoning results of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (more than 3000 meters) are developed (including unsuitable, critical suitable, general suitable, relatively suitable and highly suitable).
LI Peng, LIN Yumei
As the roof of the world, the water tower of Asia and the third pole of the world, the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier for China and even Asia. With the rapid development of social economy, human activities have increased significantly, and the impact on the ecological environment is growing. In this paper, eight factors including cultivated land, construction land, National Road, provincial road, railway, expressway, GDP and population density were selected as the threat factors, and the attributes of the threat factors were determined based on the expert scoring method to evaluate the habitat quality of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, so as to obtain six data sets of the habitat quality of the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The production of habitat quality data sets will help to explore the habitat quality of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and provide effective support for the government to formulate sustainable development policies of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
LIU Shiliang, LIU Yixuan, SUN Yongxiu, LI Mingqi
The data include raw sequencing result of plant DNA in surface sediments of 33 lakes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and arid northwestern China. We used PowerMax Soil Kit of Qiagen company in Germany to extract DNA, then used universal plant primer g-h (Taberlet et et al., 2007) to amplify P6 loop of chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron in the sample. The PCR products were then sent to Fasteris company in Switzerland for the next-generation paired-end sequencing. The sequencing instrument is Illumina Nextseq 550. The data quality score (Q30) is 81.97.
LIU Xingqi, JIA Weihan
Topographic relief is a comprehensive representation of regional altitude and surface cutting degree. Based on the definition and calculation formula of topographic relief under the background of China's human settlements assessment, the digital elevation model (Aster GDEM 30 m) data is resampled into 1 km, The data set includes: (1) kilometer grid spatial data of Tibetan Plateau topographic relief（ 2) Terrain suitability evaluation data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data can be used to analyze the spatial difference of topographic relief of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance to the study of human settlements and Natural Suitability of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
XIAO Chiwei, LI Peng,
The Grassland Degradation Assessment Dataset in agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is a data set based on the 500m Global Land Degradation Assessment Data (2015), which is evaluated according to the degree of grassland degradation or improvement. In this dataset, the grassland degradation of the QTP was divided into two evaluation systems. At the first level, the grassland degradation assessment was divided into 3 types, including no change type, improvement type and degradation type. At the second level, the grassland degradation assessment on the QTP was divided into 9 types, among which the type with no change was class 1, represented by 0. There were 4 types of improvement: slight improvement (3), relatively significant improvement (6), significant improvement (9) and extremely significant improvement (12). The degradation types can be divided into 4 categories: slight degradation (-3), relatively obvious degradation (-6), obvious degradation (-9) and extremely obvious degradation (-12). This dataset covers all grassland areas on the QTP with a spatial resolution of 500m and a time of 2015. The projection coordinate system is D_Krasovsky_1940_Albers. The data are stored in TIFF format, named “grassdegrad”, and the data volume is 94.76 MB. The data were saved in compressed file format, named “500 m grid data of grassland degradation assessment in agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 2015”. The file volume is 2.54 MB. The data can be opened by ArcGIS, QGIS, ENVI, and ERDAS software, which can provide reference for grassland ecosystem management and restoration on the QTP.
LIU Shiliang, SUN Yongxiu, LIU Yixuan
As the “third pole” of the world, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is extremely ecologically sensitive and fragile while facing increasing human activities and overgrazing. In this study, eight types of spatial data were firstly selected, including grazing intensity, Night-Time Light, population density, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) density, the ratio of cultivated land, the slope of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), distance to road, and distance to town. Then, the entropy weight method was applied to determine the weight of each factor. Finally, the five-year interval human activity intensity data in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were made in the agricultural and pastoral areas of QTP through the spatial overlap method. By preparing the historical spatial datasets of human activity intensity, our study will help to explore the influence of human disturbance on the alpine ecosystems on the QTP and provide effective support for decision-making of government aiming at regional ecosystem management and sustainable development.
LIU Shiliang, SUN Yongxiu, LIU Yixuan, LI Mingqi
Based on the vulnerability assessment framework of "exposure sensitivity adaptability", the vulnerability assessment index system of agricultural and pastoral areas in Qinghai Tibet Plateau was constructed. The index system data includes meteorological data, soil data, vegetation data, terrain data and socio-economic data, with a total of 12 data indicators, mainly from the national Qinghai Tibet Plateau scientific data center and the resource and environmental science data center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on the questionnaire survey of six experts in related fields, the weight of the indicators is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, four 1km grid data are formed involving ecological exposure, sensitivity, adaptability and ecological vulnerability in the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data can provide a reference for the identification of ecological vulnerable areas in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
ZHAN Jinyan, TENG Yanmin, LIU Shiliang
The data set of socio-economic vulnerability parameters in the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau mainly contains the socio-economic vulnerability parameter data at county level. The data time range is from 2000 to 2015, involving 112 counties and districts in Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region. The main parameters include population density, the proportion of unit employees in the total population, the proportion of rural employees in the total population, the proportion of agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery employees in rural employees, per capita GDP, per capita savings balance of residents, per capita cultivated land area, per capita grain output, and people Average oil production, livestock stock per unit area, per capita meat production, the proportion of primary and secondary school students in the total population, and the number of hospital beds per 10000 people. The entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of each index, and ArcGIS is used to spatialize, and finally the county scale socio-economic vulnerability parameter data is obtained. The original data is from the statistical yearbook of Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region. The data are expressed by shape file and excel file. This data set will provide reference for socio-economic vulnerability assessment and selection of typical agricultural and pastoral areas.
ZHAN Jinyan, TENG Yanmin, LIU Shiliang
This dataset subsumes sustainable livestock carrying capacity in 2000, 2010, and 2018 and overgrazing rate in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2017 at county level over Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Based on the NPP data simulated by VIP (vehicle interface process), an eco hydrological model with independent intellectual property of the institute of geographic sciences and nature resources research(IGSNRR), Chinese academy of Sciences(CAS), the grass yield data (1km resolution) is obtained. Grass yield is then calculated at county level, and corresponding sustainable livestock carring capacity is calculated according to the sustainable livestock capacity calculation standard of China(NY / T 635-2015). Overgrazing rate is calculated based on actual livestock carring capacity at county level.The dataset will provide reference for grassland restoration, management and utilization strategies.
MO Xingguo
The data content includes the spatial distribution map of the impact of agricultural development on the ecological environment in 1985, 1993, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. This data set takes the impact of agricultural development on ecological environment as the evaluation objective, establishes the ecological environment evaluation index system composed of 14 indexes of 3 types of elements by using the pressure state response model, obtains the weight of each index by using the entropy weight method, and finally analyzes the correlation between each index and the corresponding evaluation level by using the matter-element analysis method to build the Qinghai Tibet Plateau base The entropy weight extension ecological environment evaluation model of pressure state response reveals the impact of agricultural activities on the ecological environment.
LI Dan
Based on the calculated ecological environmental risk of agriculture and animal husbandry in 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2010 and 2015 on the Tibetan Plateau, the fuzzy weighted Markov chain model was used to predict the ecological environmental risk without the meteorological factors.The meteorological factors data extracted from future climate model (rcp4.5) was superimposed with ecological environmental risk of agriculture and animal husbandry without the meteorological factors. The resulting risk of agriculture and animal husbandry development in 2030, 2050 and 2070 can provide scientific basis for the future development planning of agricultural and animal husbandry on the Tibetan Plateau.
LU Hongwei
Based on the ecological environmental risk data of the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in 2030, 2050 and 2070 in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the risk values of agriculture and animal husbandry in the six typical years of 198519901995200002010 and 2015 are calculated, and the predicted value of ecological environmental risk in 203020502070 is calculated by using the fuzzy weighted Markov chain model. The grid map of meteorological factors extracted from ArcGIS and the future climate model (rcp4.5) was superimposed to obtain the data of agricultural and animal husbandry ecological environment risk in the Tibetan Plateau in 203020502070.
LU Hongwei
According to the characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the principles of scientificity, systematization, integrity, operability, measurability, conciseness and independence, the human activity intensity evaluation index system suitable for the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has been constructed, which mainly includes the main human activities such as agricultural and animal husbandry activities, industrial and mining development, urbanization development, tourism activities, major ecological engineering construction, pollutant discharge, etc, On the basis of remote sensing data, ground observation data, meteorological data and social statistical yearbook data, the positive and negative effects of human activities are quantitatively evaluated by AHP, and the intensity and change characteristics of human activities are comprehensively evaluated. The data can not only help to enhance the understanding of the role of human activities in the vegetation change in the sensitive areas of global change, but also provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of social economy in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and provide scientific basis for protecting the ecological environment of the plateau and building a national ecological security barrier.
ZHANG Haiyan, XIN Liangjie, FAN Jiangwen, YUAN Xiu
1) The data content includes three stages of soil erosion intensity in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 1992, 2005 and 2015m the grid resolution is 300m.2) The data of soil erosion intensity are obtained by using the Chinese soil erosion prediction model (CSLE). The formula of soil erosion prediction model includes rainfall erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, slope length factor, slope factor, vegetation cover and biological measure factor, engineering measure factor and tillage measure factor. Rainfall erodibility factors are calculated from the daily rainfall data by the US Climate Prdiction Center (CPC); soil erodibility factors, engineering measures factors and tillage measures factors are obtained from the first water conservancy census data; slope length factors and slope factors are obtained by resampling after calculating 30 m elevation data; vegetation coverage and biological measures factors are obtained by combining fractional vegetation cover with land use data and rainfall erodibility proportionometer. The fractional vegetation cover is calculated by MODIS vegetation index products through pixel dichotomy. 3) Compared with the data of soil erosion intensity in the same region in the same year, there is no significant difference and the data quality is good.4) the data of soil erosion intensity is of great significance for studying the present situation of soil erosion in Pan third polar 65 countries and better carrying out the development policy of the area along the way.
ZHANG Wenbo
This dataset includes the concentrations and spatial pattern of mercury (Hg) in the soil of the southern Tibetan Plateau. Two hundred thirty nine soil samples were collected, and cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry (CVAFS) was used to analyse the Hg contents. The limit of detection (LOD) for this method is 1.8 ng/g. The standard reference material, soil GB GSS-2, which is supplied by National Institute of Metrology P.R.China, was also analyzed for assessing the accuracy of this method, and the recoveries of this method were 84%-103%. This dataset will provide the informations of soil Hg contamination and background values over the southern Tibetan Plateau.
WANG Xiaoping
Geographical distribution of major ecological protection and construction projects on the Tibetan plateau. There are four main projects, i.e. forest protection and construction project, grassland protection and construction project, desertification control project, soil erosion comprehensive control project. Processing method: classified summary, and the county as a unit of the regional distribution.
Da Wei
This data contains part of the economic indicators of Qinghai province and Tibet Autonomous Region. The data statistics based on provinces can be used to construct the evaluation index system for the coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and eco-environment on the Tibetan Plateau. The data of the Tibet Autonomous Region contains seven indicators, including the gross domestic product (GDP), the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, industry, construction industry, and the per capita GDP, the time span is 1951-2016. The time span of the data set of Qinghai province is from 1952 to 2015, besides the above seven indicators, there is one more indicator of Qinghai province called agriculture forwdtry animal husbandry and fishery. All data are derived from the statistical yearbook, which is calculated at current prices. The gross domestic product (GDP) for 2005-2008 has been revised based on data from the second economic census.
DU Yunyan
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau, we discovered 8 Paleolithic sites, including 151, Jiangxigou 1, Jiangxigou 2, Heimahe 1, Xiadawu, Yezere, Niamudi and Lingjiong. In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant macrofossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the Paleolithic.
ZHANG Dongju , ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Xiangjun
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