The passive seismic data was collected from 20 portable broadband stations deployed in the intersection of the Pamir, the Tarim basin and the Tianshan orogenic belt between October 2019 and July 2020. The waveforms were cut 50 s prior to and 150 s after the P wave arrival. Seismic events were chosen with magnitudes greater than or equal to 6.0 and epicentral distance range of 30-95°. The data can be used in seismic tomography，shear wave splitting and receiver function technique to obtain the high-resolution crustal and upper mantle velocity structure, the depths of typical discontinuities and the anisotropic characteristics, provide vital constraints on elucidating the intracontinental deformation mechanism in response to India-Asia collision.
XU Qiang
The data set is a three-dimensional lithospheric stress field model in the Sichuan-Yunnan region, which is constrained by GPS velocity field and focal mechanism solution. A 3D finite element model of regional lithospheric deformation is constructed by using the lithospheric structure fracture information in Sichuan-Yunnan region. The velocity boundary constraints of the model are given by integrating the regional GPS velocity published in the existing researches and the latest observation. At the same time, the stress field of the model is constrained by the focal mechanism solution of regional small and medium earthquakes and mantle convection. A comprehensive simulation model of current crustal deformation and stress field in Sichuan-Yunnan region is constructed. The model can be used for further study on valuable scientific issues such as the mechanism of the large earthquakes preparation, tectonic evolution of the lithosphere in Sichuan-Yunnan region and the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
XIONG Xiong
This data set includes major and trace elements and zircon U-Pb isotope data of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in Baoshan block, Tengchong, Yunnan Province. The sampling time is 2018, and the area is near lameng Town, Baoshan District, Tengchong, Yunnan. The rock samples include 8 sedimentary rock samples. This data provides key information for understanding the evolution of the middle Tethys structure between Tengchong and Baoshan, and limits the closing time of the middle Tethys ocean to the late Jurassic, which is of great significance for discussing the evolution process of the Tethys structure. The whole rock major and trace elements of rock samples were tested by fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and zircon U-Pb was dated by laser ablation plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS). The testing units include Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The related articles of this data set have been published in the Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, and the data results are true and reliable.
ZHANG Jiuyuan
This data set is the original observation data of magnetotelluric method (MT) collected by the project team in Yangyi geothermal field, Dangxiong County, Tibet. The data format is EDI and contains 36 files. The data set contains 3 MT profiles, with the distance between survey lines of about 1km and the distance between survey points of about 500m. The field data acquisition equipment adopts the new SEP ground electromagnetic detection system developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. At each MT measuring point, the two horizontal components ex (north-south direction) and ey (east-west direction) of the electric field are measured with a non polarized electrode, and the three components HX (north-south direction), hy (east-west direction) and Hz (plumb bob direction) of the magnetic field are measured with a magnetic sensor. The observation time of each measuring point exceeds 10 hours, and the effective frequency range is 320 hz~0.001 Hz. Through the preprocessing and inversion of the data set, the electrical structure in the depth of 10km in Yangyi geothermal field can be obtained, which provides a basis for the location and scale of deep heat sources, heat control and heat conduction structures in the investigation area.
CHEN Weiying
This data set is the original observation data of magnetotelluric method (MT) collected by the project team in Yangbajing Geothermal field, Dangxiong County, Tibet. The data format is EDI and contains 53 files. The data set contains 4 MT profiles, with the distance between survey lines of about 1km and the distance between survey points of about 500m. The field data acquisition equipment adopts the new SEP ground electromagnetic detection system developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. At each MT measuring point, the two horizontal components ex (north-south direction) and ey (east-west direction) of the electric field are measured with a non polarized electrode, and the three components HX (north-south direction), hy (east-west direction) and Hz (plumb bob direction) of the magnetic field are measured with a magnetic sensor. The observation time of each measuring point exceeds 10 hours, and the effective frequency range is 320 hz~0.001 Hz. Through the preprocessing and inversion of the data set, the electrical structure in the depth of 10km in Yangbajing Geothermal field can be obtained, which provides a basis for the location and scale of deep heat sources, heat control and heat conduction structures in the investigation area.
CHEN Weiying
This dataset is the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the active fault zone of the Tianshan Mountains (2013). The obtained geological map is a 1:2.5 million geological map, covering the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the Tianshan Mountains. Geological structural maps can provide a digital space platform for the informatization of the national economy, and provide information services for national and provincial departments for regional planning, geological disaster monitoring, geological surveys, prospecting and exploration, and macro decision-making. The source of the obtained geological map data is to scan the paper map first, then perform georeferencing on the ArcGIS 10.5 platform, and then obtain it by vectorization. The storage format is vector data, and the spatial granularity is divided into regions.
ZHU Yaru
The Wuyu Basin is bounded by the Gangdese Mountains to the north and the Yarlung Tsangpo River to the south, and is a representative basin to study the Cenozoic tectonism of the southern Tibet. The sedimentary strata in the Wuyu Basin include the Paleocene-Eocene Linzizong Group volcanics and the Oligocene Rigongla Formation (Fm.) volcanics, the Miocene lacustrine sediments of the Mangxiang Fm. and Laiqing Fm. volcanics, the late Miocene-Pliocene Wuyu Fm., and the Pleistocene Dazi Fm. Five sandstone samples from the Mangxiang Fm., Wuyu Fm. and Dazi Fm. and one modern Wuyu reiver sand sample were collected for detrital zircon U-Pb dating using the LA-ICP-MS method. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages in the Mangxiang Fm. show a large cluster at 45-80 Ma; those in the Wuyu Fm. show a large cluster at 8-15 Ma and a subsidiary cluster at 45-70 Ma; those in the Dazi Fm. show three large clusters at 45-65 Ma, 105-150 Ma and 167-238 Ma; and those in modern Wuyu river show a large cluster at 8-15 Ma and a subsidiary cluster at 45-65 Ma (Figure 1). Late Cretaceous-early Eocene zircons in all samples are consistent with the most prominent stage of magmatism of the Gangdese Mountains; the 8-15 Ma zircons in the Wuyu Fm. and modern Wuyu river are consistent with the magmatism of the Laiqing Fm.; and the Triassic-Jurassic zircons in the Dazi Fm. are consistent with the magmatism of the central Lhasa terrane. The results of detrital zircon U-Pb ages and sedimentary facies analyses in the Wuyu Basin indicate that the southern Tibetan Plateau suffered multi-stage tectonism-magmatism since the India-Asia collision: (1) Paleogene Linzizong Group-Rigongla Fm. volcanics; (2) tectonism-magmatism at ~15 Ma ended the lacustrine sediments of the Mangxiang Fm. and resulted in volcanism of the Laiqing Fm.; (3) tectonism at ~8 Ma resulted in the volcanic rocks of the Laiqing Fm. becoming one of the main provenances for the overlying Wuyu Fm.; (4) the Wuyu Basin formed braided river and received sediments from the central Lhasa terrane to its north at ~2.5 Ma. The geomorphic pattern of the southern Tibet has gradually formed since the Quaternary.
MENG Qingquan MENG Qingquan
Structural geological profile along the survey line of deep reflection seismic profile (Dogcuoren Lake-Whale Lake section, with a total length of about 200 km) (scale of 1:100000). The section is mainly drawn based on the field geological survey along the reflection section survey line and the 1:250000 Regional Geological Map of the area where the survey line is located. Combined with the field occurrence data and 1:250000 Regional geological map data, the structural geological section is drawn with CorelDRAW and other software. The geological structure profile drawn at the scale of 1:100000 can roughly reflect the geological structure and structural characteristics along the reflection profile. The geometric structure information obtained from the geological structure section can provide shallow structural constraints for the structural interpretation of the later deep reflection seismic section and the production of the equilibrium section.
GUO Xiaoyu
Based on the collection of GPS and stress data of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, this paper combs the movement rate and stress deformation system of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, displays the direction and size of each point through MAPGIS software, and then superimposes it on several main tectonic units of Songpan Ganzi flysch belt, North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate, South Qiangtang Baoshan block and Gangdise Lhasa block. This paper tries to reflect the similarities and differences of the specific deformation modes of each block under the overall stress of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and further define the specific deformation style and deformation state of each local area. This is of great significance for a deep understanding of the Cenozoic deformation model of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, as well as for guiding local disaster prevention and relief and engineering construction.
WANG Shifeng
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the 1:250000 geological map and 1:1 million regional geological chronicles of Tibet in eastern Tibet, the latest research progress of existing strata, rocks and structures in Sanjiang area is collected, especially the systematic research on Jinsha River suture zone, Bitu suture zone and Bangong Lake Nujiang suture zone. The area is divided into Songpan Ganzi flysch zone, North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate South Qiangtang Baoshan massif and Gangdise Lhasa massif are several main tectonic units; On this basis, Songpan Ganzi block is further divided into three sub units: Bayankala block, Ganzi Litang lake basin system and Zhongzan block; The North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate is subdivided into five units: Jinshajiang paleoTethys belt, Changdu terrane, Lanping Simao terrane, Lincang volcanic rock belt and Bitu paleoTethys belt; The Nanqiangtang Baoshan tectonic system is subdivided into three tectonic units: Nanqiangtang block, Baoshan block and Bangong Lake Nujiang middle Tethys belt. The new structural unit division provides basic data for earthquake disaster prevention, engineering geology and Qiangtang oil and gas exploration.
WANG Shifeng
Based on the research progress of strata, rocks and structures in Sanjiang area, especially the systematic study of Jinshajiang suture zone, Bitu suture zone and Bangonghu Nujiang suture zone, this area is divided into several main structural units: Songpan Ganzi flysch zone, North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate, South Qiangtang Baoshan block and Gangdise Lhasa block; On this basis, Songpan Ganzi block is further divided into three sub units: Bayankala block, Ganzi Litang lake basin system and Zhongzan block; The North Qiangtang Changdu Simao plate is subdivided into five units: Jinshajiang paleoTethys belt, Changdu terrane, Lanping Simao terrane, Lincang volcanic rock belt and Bitu paleoTethys belt; The Nanqiangtang Baoshan tectonic system is subdivided into three tectonic units: Nanqiangtang block, Baoshan block and Bangong Lake Nujiang middle Tethys belt.
WANG Shifeng
The rock assemblages of basic rocks, ultrabasic rocks and other melanges in the Bitu area of Zuogong are found in the field investigation, indicating the existence of tectonic melange accumulation. Major and trace elements and Sr Nd isotopes were completed in the Key Laboratory of deposit geochemistry, Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Among them, the main elements are analyzed by pw4400 X-ray fluorescence instrument, and the contents of 10 element oxides are determined; Trace elements are tested by ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. ICP-MS is manufactured by Agilent company in Tokyo, Japan, and the model is Agilent 7700x. The analysis method is the same as that of Zhang Xin, etc. According to the analysis results of standard sample gbpc-1de, the analysis error is less than 5%. The test basis is GB / T 17672-1999.
WANG Shifeng
The separation of zircon was completed by heavy liquid and magnetic separation in the laboratory of Hebei geological team. Cathodoluminescence images are used to observe the internal structure of zircon particles, and appropriate points are selected for analysis and research. U. Th and Pb were determined in La ⁃ ICP ⁃ ms of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. For detailed analysis methods, see Li et al. (2009). Zircon standard sample and zircon sample are determined alternately in the ratio of 1 ∶ 3. The U ⁃ th ⁃ Pb isotope ratio was corrected with the standard zircon pl é sovice (337 Ma, SL á Ma et al., 2008), and the standard sample Qinghu (159.5 Ma, Li et al., 2009) was used as the accuracy of the monitoring data of the unknown sample. The isotopic ratio and age error are all 1 σ。 The data results are processed by isoplot software (Ludwig, 2001). On the basis of zircon u ⁃ Pb dating, select the age point with good harmony, and delineate the Hf isotope point in the micro area consistent with the ring trend of the age point. Zircon Hf isotope analysis is carried out on Neptune Plusma II multi receiver plasma mass spectrometer and nwr193uc 193 nm laser sampling system. See Liu et al. (2008) for detailed steps of the instrument. The diameter of laser ablation spot beam is generally 60 μ m. Each measuring point includes 10 s pre denudation, 45 s denudation and 30 s cleaning time. During the sample test, 91500 is taken as the standard sample, and its 176hf / 177hf = 0.282 286 ± 12 (2 σ， n = 21）。
WANG Shifeng
We have studied the Petrotectonic attributes of granites distributed in a large area in the North Lancangjiang structure in Bitu area. The major and trace elements and Sr Nd isotopes have been completed in the Key Laboratory of deposit geochemistry, Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Among them, the main elements are analyzed by pw4400 X-ray fluorescence instrument, and the contents of 10 element oxides are determined; Trace elements are tested by ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. ICP-MS is manufactured by Agilent company in Tokyo, Japan, and the model is Agilent 7700x. The analysis method is the same as that of Zhang Xin, etc. According to the analysis results of standard sample gbpc-1de, the analysis error is less than 5%. MC-ICP-MS double focusing magnetic mass spectrometer with Neptune plus model is used for isotope test experiment. The test basis is GB / T 17672-1999.
WANG Shifeng
Based on the anatomy of the fine structure of Zhaxikang deposit, through systematic structural analysis, geophysical exploration and interpretation, combined with the shallow geochemical characteristics, the comprehensive geological geochemical geophysical exploration model and prediction index system of zhaxikang deposit are used to carry out mineral prediction, and one deep prospecting target area near zhaxikang line 54 is delineated. The deep target area of Qingmuzhu is located in the northwest of Cuonadong Xianglin area. Based on the information of geology, geochemistry and Geophysics, a beryllium tin tungsten polymetallic prospecting target area is delineated in the deep part of Qingmuzhu area. Geochemical characteristics show that there are high cumulative anomalies of lead, zinc, antimony and silver lining values in Qingmuzhu area, indicating that there are low-temperature element anomalies such as lead and zinc in this area. At the same time, the geological mapping work found several NE trending fault fracture zones on the surface of Qingmuzhu, with a width of 1-5m, filled with quartz, iron manganese carbonate and metal sulfide, indicating that there is a vein shaped lead-zinc antimony polymetallic mineralization controlled by the fault in qingmuzhu, which has similar metallogenic characteristics to Zhaxikang lead-zinc polymetallic deposit. According to the cuonadong dome extension zone, it extends northwestward and just reaches the deep part of Qingmuzhu area.
ZHANG Linkui
The cuonadong sn-w-be deposit, located in southern Tibet, is the first large tin polymetallic deposit related to Miocene leucogranite found in the Himalayas. The AR ar ages of muscovite and phlogopite in cassiterite sulfide veins in skarn are 15.4ma and 15.0ma respectively, and the U-Pb age of cassiterite in skarn is 14.3ma. The zircon and monazite U-Pb ages of tin bearing Leucogranites are 14.9ma and 15.3ma, respectively. The above diagenetic and metallogenic ages are completely consistent within the error range, indicating that tin tungsten mineralization is related to Miocene leucogranite in Genesis. The main metallogenic mechanism of skarn w-sn-be is water rock reaction. The metallogenic mechanism of cassiterite quartz vein and cassiterite sulfide vein is fluid boiling caused by the increase of oxygen fugacity, cooling and depressurization. The precipitation mechanism of fluorite quartz vein is the fluid mixing and dilution of magmatic hydrothermal fluid and atmospheric precipitation. The U-Pb age of monazite of garnet schist in cuonadong dome indicates that exhumation and retrograde metamorphism occurred at 38-26 Ma, and a small amount of pegmatite dikes (34 MA) were formed. The cuonadong dome was mainly formed in 21-18 Ma, which is the joint action of STDs extension and detachment and the second stage leucogranite (21 MA) magmatic diapir. At 18-16 Ma, the North-South rift led to the dehydration and partial melting of mica in the high Himalayas, forming the latest tin bearing leucogranite (16mA) and ore controlling fault system. The cuonadong tin polymetallic deposit was formed by the high-grade evolution of tin bearing leucogranite, fluid exmelting and magmatic hydrothermal fluid. There are a large number of dome structures similar to cuonadong and Miocene highly differentiated tin bearing Leucogranites in the Himalayas. This area is expected to become a new tin tungsten rare metal metallogenic belt.
ZHANG Linkui
The Cuonadong gneiss dome, a newly discovered dome in the North Himalaya Gneiss Domes (NHGD) belt, iscomposedofthreeparts: core, mantle, andouterlayer. Theyarecomposedof Cambrian granitic gneiss, Early Paleozoic mica schist and skarn marble, and metamorphic sedimentary rocks, respectively, andleucogranitesandscores ofpegmatite veinsintrudeintothecore ofthe Cuonadong gneiss domeatalater stage. The Xianglin Be-Sn polymetallic ore depositislocatedin the northern Cuonadong gneiss dome. Anumber of north-south and east-north extensionalfaults are developedinthe mining area. The Be-Sn polymetallic orebodies were newly discovered through systematic surface exploration engineering in the mantle layer around the core of the dome and fault fracture zones. Theanatomy ofatypical mining areain the northern Cuonadong dome shows four types of ore bodies: skarn, cassiterite-quartz vein, cassiterite-sulfide, and granite pegmatite. Skarn type ore bodies occur in skarn marble in the mantle; mineralization is dominated by Sn, Be and W; Sn ore gradeis relatively low. Cassite-quartz vein type ore bodies are controlled by NE extensional fracture; mineralization is dominatedby Sn, Beand W; oregrades are relatively high. Cassite-sulfide orebodies are controlled by the interlayers lipstructure in marble; Snore gradeis high but Beand W ore grades arelow. Mineralization in pegmatiteis mainly Be, accompanied by Rb. Verified at great borehole depth, we found the deep extension of all types of ore bodies except pegmatite is relatively stable. Based on the study of there lationship between magma and Be-Sn polymetallic mineralization, we reveal that there are two stages of mineralization in the Xianglin mining area, and the mineralization is closely related to the weakly oriented two-mica granite and muscovite granite. Based on orebody characterization we developed a ore prospecting strategy. The main targets infuture ore exploration will be cassite-sulfide and cassite-quartz vein type ores as they are relatively rich in Be, Sn and W.
ZHANG Linkui
Himalayan leucogranites are widely distributed in the North Himalayan gneiss dome (NHGD) and at the top of the Great Himalayan Crystalline Complex (GHC) and are generally controlled by detachment faults. The ages of these pre-, syn-, and postkinematic leucogranites can be used to limit the activity of detachment structures (such as the South Tibetan Detachment System, STDS). Research on the STDS activity time in the eastern Himalayas is relatively sparse. In this study, the zircon and monazite U-Th-Pb geochronology of syn- and postkinematic leucogranites, which are affected by the STDS and NHGD, in four areas (Lhozhag, Kuju, Xiaozhan and Cuonadong) in Shannan City, Tibet, China, was measured. The results show that the oldest synkinematic two-mica granite from Lhozhag, which is affected by the STDS, is 24 -25 Ma, so the time of STDS activity is at or slightly earlier than 25 Ma. The youngest synkinematic leucogranite is the garnet-bearing muscovite granite in Cuonadong at 18.4 Ma. The oldest undeformed postkinematic leucogranite (not affected by the STDS) is the muscovite granite in Xiaozhan at 17.4 Ma. Therefore, the end of STDS activity can be limited to 18.4-17.4 Ma. The STDS includes three forms: detachment fault in the NHGD (northern extension of the STDS), the inner STDS between the GHC and Tethyan Himalayan Sequence, and the outer STDS at the bottoms of synformal klippes. In this paper, the active time limits of the above three kinds of detachment zones are comprehensively summarized. Based on this work, the northward extension (ductile deformation) time of the STDS in the region is considered to be 28-17 Ma. The exhumation of the GHC is mainly controlled by in-sequence shearing. First, the South Tibet Thrust system (predecessor of the STDS) at the top of the GHC thrust southward at 45-28 Ma; then, the High Himalayan Discontinuity fault in the middle of the GHC forms south-vergent ductile thrusts at 28-17 Ma; finally, the Main Central Thrust at the bottom of the GHC thrust southward at 17-9 Ma.
ZHANG Linkui
In this study, the zircon and monazite U–Th–Pb geochronology of synkinematic and postkinematic leucogranites, which are affected by the STDS and NHGD, in four areas (Lhozhag, Kuju, Xiaozhan, and Cuonadong) in Shannan City, Tibet, China, was measured. The results show that the oldest synkinematic two-mica granite from Lhozhag, which is affected by the STDS, is 24–25 Ma, so the time of STDS activity is at or slightly earlier than 25 Ma. The youngest synkinematic leucogranite is the garnet-bearing muscovite granite in Cuonadong at 18.4 Ma. The oldest undeformed postkinematic leucogranite (not affected by the STDS) is the muscovite granite in Xiaozhan at 17.4 Ma. Therefore, the end of STDS activity can be limited to 18.4–17.4 Ma. The STDS includes three forms: detachment fault in the NHGD (northern extension of the STDS), the inner STDS between the GHC and Tethyan Himalayan Sequence, and the outer STDS at the bottoms of synformal klippes.
ZHANG Linkui
Twenty-two apatite fission-track datasets are gained from basement rock samples from the Hei Shan-Kuantan Shan region in North Qilian. These results have been obtained by LA-ICP-MS-based fission-track analyses, with age errors less than 20%. The apatite fission track ages range 22.3±2.6 to 175±18Ma, with mean track lengths ranging 11.17±2.26 to 13.63±1.93μm. Thermal history modeling shows that the Hei Shan-Kuantan Shan has undergone five episodes of exhumation-related cooling events, in the early Jurassic, early Cretaceous and late Cretaceous, during/since the Eocene and since the middle Miocene. The exhumation events prior to the Cenozoic are attributed to far-field responses of successive assembly of blocks along the southern margin of the Eurasian continent. The Eocene exhumation is speculated to represent an immediate response to the initial Indian-Eurasian collision. The exhumation since the middle Miocene is related to rapid uplift of the North Qilian and growth of the Tibetan Plateau. Eight detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology datasets are gained from Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary samples from the Hongliuxia section north of the North Qilian. These results have been obtained by LA-ICP-MS analysis, with age errors less than 10%. These results, combined with zircon U-Pb age spectra of potential source regions in the North Qilian to the south and Bei Shan-Hei Shan-Kuantan Shan to the north, suggest a shift of provenance in the north for the Huoshaogou and Baiyanghe Formation sediments to in the south for the Shulehe Formation deposits. These results indicate rapid uplift of North Qilian and growth of the Tibetan Plateau since the middle Miocene.
LIN Xiubin
Attached tables S1-S14 are the experimental data of Naran Eclogite in Pakistan. Table S1-S3 and table s12-s13 are the main element compositions of minerals analyzed on thin slices using jeol jxa8230 electron microprobe instrument. We used on-line atomic absorption fluorescence (ZAF type) correction and adopted the following standards: jadeite (Na, Al), olivine (mg), diopside (Si, CA), orthoclase (k), rutile (TI), rosaxene (MN), hematite (FE), fluorite (f) and NaCl (CL). The analytical accuracy of CL is ± 0.01wt%, and that of other elements is 0.01-0.2wt%. The amount of Fe3 + was calculated according to stoichiometric constraints using program ax (Holland and Powell et al., 1998). For table S4, Zr in rutile was analyzed in the State Key Laboratory of lithospheric evolution. Cameca sxvive EPMA was used, the ACC voltage was 20kV, the beam current of Ti was 50na, Zr and other trace elements were 300na, and the peak counting time of Ti was 10s, while the peak counting time of Zr and other trace elements was 120s. The detection limit (3sigma) of Zr is 70 ppm. Meanwhile, the reference rutile of r10b detected by LA-ICP-MS was measured, and the EPMA error was less than 10%. For table S5-S6 and table s9-s10, U-Pb dating was carried out by cameca ims-1280 Sims of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The operation and data processing procedures were completed according to Li et al. (2009). We use 20 × thirty μ M, and the U-Th-Pb ratio and absolute abundance relative to standard zircon plesovice and 91500 were determined. The long-term measurement error of 206Pb / 238U standard zircon is 1.5% (1rsd) will propagate (Li et al., 2010), although the 206Pb / 238U error of a single measurement is usually 1% (1rsd) or less. Assuming that the source of ordinary Pb is mainly surface pollution, we corrected ordinary Pb using the measured 204Pb and the current average Pb composition (Stacey and Kramers, 1975). The data of individual analysis and summary analysis are calculated with one standard deviation (1) σ) And two standard deviations (2 σ) In the form of. Data reduction was performed using the program isoplot / ex v. 3.23 (Ludwig, 2003). For tables s7-s8, geochronological data and REE components are measured by la-icpmas. Standard samples gj-1 (calibration standard) and plesovice (second standard) are used as external standard samples for U-Pb dating calibration. Plesovice (calibration standard) and NIST 612 (second standard) are used as external standards for trace element content calibration. For table s9-s10, rutile U-Pb dating was obtained on cameca ims-1280 Sims. We determined the U-Th-Pb ratio and absolute abundance relative to standard zircon plesovice and 91500. The long-term measurement error of 206Pb / 238U of standard zircon is 1.5% (1 RSD), although the single measurement error of 206Pb / 238U is 1% (1 RSD) or less. For table S11, a summary of symbiotic assemblages of representative Naran eclogite samples based on the above results is provided. For table S14. The PT condition is calculated by the geological thermobarometer. Attached figure SF1. (a) PL, BT, AMP and QZ with small particle size are produced in the core of large particle GRT in the form of inclusions, sample sn07. (b) Dol and QZ with small particle size occur in the core of GRT in the form of inclusions. B-B 'represents the chemical composition profile of large grain garnet, sample sn07. (c) Omphacite phenocrysts are replaced by syncrysts after CPX + pl. (d) Omphacite phenocrysts are replaced by the alternating structure of Bt + amp + pl.
ZHANG Dingding , ZHANG Dingding, DING Lin
This data includes 1:4 million precision fault data within the scope of Qinghai Tibet Plateau in China. The attribute table fields include fault name, fault length, strike, dip, fault property, paleoearthquake, etc. The data comes from the Seismological Bureau. Later, by consulting a large number of fault related literature, the attribute of fault activity age is added on the basis of the original data. The accuracy of original data is reliable, and a special person is responsible for quality review; After review by many people, the data integrity, position accuracy and attribute accuracy meet the requirements of relevant technical regulations and standards, and the quality is excellent and reliable. The fault data can provide basic data support for some fault related research work in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
QI Shengwen
The single mineral EPMA data set of magmatic rocks in the Himalayan orogenic belt is mainly based on the main data of single minerals in Jilong area, and the test points of single minerals are more than 200. The rock is light colored granite. The single minerals tested are mainly feldspar, garnet, muscovite and biotite. The single mineral electron probe uses cameca sxvivefe electron microprobe, etc. The data has not been published, and the data results are true and reliable. The testing units are mainly the Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and the Institute of mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data set can be used to study the petrogenesis of leucogranite melts in the Himalayan orogenic belt.
ZENG Lingsen , GAO Lie , YAN Lilong
Zircon U-Pb dating data set of Leucogranites in wengbo area of Himalayan orogenic belt is mainly zircon dating in wengbo area, and there are 28 zircon dating samples. The rocks are mainly leucogranite and pegmatite. The zircon dating method is LA-ICPMS. The data comes from the receiving phase. The articles published by the data are SCI or Ni journals, including geology, BSA bulletin and Journal of petroleum. The data results are true and reliable. The testing units are mainly Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, national testing and Analysis Center, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and Institute of mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data set can be used to study the formation age of Cenozoic magmatism in the Himalayan orogenic belt.
ZENG Lingsen , GAO Lie , YAN Lilong
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil and gas geological research in the pan third pole in recent years are collected, including basic materials such as strata, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil and gas (potassium salt) geology, especially paleomagnetism Based on the data of paleontology, detrital zircon and geochemistry, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the Cenozoic lithofacies and climate paleogeographic pattern are restored and reconstructed, and the pan tertiary Cenozoic lithofacies paleogeographic map (1) and pan tertiary Cenozoic climate paleogeographic map (3) are obtained, in order to explore the impact of paleogeography, paleostructure and paleoclimate on oil and gas Control and influence of (including potassium salt) resources, so as to reveal the geological conditions of oil and gas formation and the law of resource distribution, and provide scientific basis and technical support for China's overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration deployment.
LI Yalin
This dataset includes 14 detrital zircon U-Pb chronological data from Cretaceous-Pliocene sediments sampled from Tierekesazi section in the Pamir-Tian Shan convergence zone. Detrital zircon in sedments could reveal the coupling of sedimentary basin and adjacented orogenic belt. U-Pb age of detrital zircon is a important method to analysis provenance tracing of sediments in basin. Moreover, this method also could constrain the uplift process of orogenic belt. Purification of detrital zircon grain following standard protocols includes contents, jaw crusher, shaking table, magnetic separator and heavy liquids. The separated zircon grains were mounted in epoxy resin and polished for LA-ICP-MS analysis. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images were taken for potential target spot selection. Each sample chose 120 points as potential target spot, at least. Zircon U-Pb dating was conducted using an Agilent 7500a Q-ICP-MS coupling with a 193 nm COMPex Pro laser. U-Pb age distributions were counted and analysed using DensityPlotter. U-Pb age of sediments of Tierekesazi section reveal chronology of Cretaceous-Pliocene strata of the profile, Tierekesazi section located in the narrow Pamir-Tian Shan convergence zone, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments in the Tierekesazi section were sourced from the adjacent and eroding Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges.which provide a general context for our provenance analyses. This data allowed us to reconstruct the Cretaceous-Pliocene tectonic-geomorphic evolution of the Pamir-Tian Shan corridor.
FU Bihong
The age constraints for Cenozoic exhumation history of the northern Tibetan Plateau provides evidence for growth process of the plateau and interaction process of tectonics-climate-erosion in this region. Apatite fission track thermochronology has a relative lower closure temperature of ~100 °C, thus is capable of recording the exhumation process of upper crust. We collected 26 sedimentary samples in the Hongliugou section in northern Qaidam Basin, which consist of strata from the Lulehe Formation to Shizigou Formation. These samples were fission track dated using the external detector method in the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The result shows fission track central age of these samples range in 36.4 ± 2.0 Ma to 78.0 ± 2.8 Ma. Most of our sample failed the chi-square test, indicating a mixture of multiple sources with different cooling ages. We use the binomial fitting method to decompose the mixture single-grain ages and obtained 55 age components. Decomposed component age of these detrital samples ranges in 21.2 ± 2.9 Ma to 102.8 ± 9.0 Ma. Integrated analysis of the fission track ages and confined track length indicates that samples in the upper 2500 m of the section had not affected by burial annealing after deposition, while that in the lower 2500 m were partial annealed after deposition. Unannealed fission track ages showing “static peaks” in ~60-50 Ma and ~40-36 Ma, which indicates the source of these detritus, the Qilian Shan, have experienced significant rock exhumation in these two stages in respective. This study suggests that tectonic deformation initiated in the northern Tibetan Plateau in early Cenozoic, which synchronous with India-Asia collision. Thus we suggest the Qilian Shan serves as the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau since the early Cenozoic.
SONG Chunhui, HE Pengju
This data set contains zircon U-Pb dating, zircon Hf isotope, whole-rock principal, and trace element data of diorite granite and andesite dacite in Xinjiang area, south of bango, Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data results are from the Zhai Qingguo research team, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data are of good quality and can be used to study the ocean closure process of Bangong Lake Nujiang suture in the central Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the subsequent collision process of Lhasa Qiangtang block, magmatism, and the Cretaceous crustal regeneration and reconstruction of Lhasa block in the central and Northern Qinghai Tibet Plateau. At the same time, this data also provides zircon CL images and reflection photos of all samples, zircon location for reference and comparison, and also provides a basis for the chronology of magmatic rocks and zircon genesis in the study area at the same time. Zircon U-Pb age instrument: obtained from laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), zircon Hf isotope instrument: Neptune multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC – ICP – MS), connected by a goals-193 laser ablation system. The main and trace elements of the whole rock are measured by the National Experimental Center (Academy of Geosciences), Major elements: (XRF; Axios – pw4400), trace elements: ICP-MS; PerkinElmer NexION 300D。
WANG Wei
This data includes main and micro geochemical data of the whole rock, 40Ar / 39Ar dating data of phlogopite, and Sr-Nd isotope data of the whole rock. The samples were collected from the edge of the Ramba dome in eastern Tibet. The argon isotope of phlogopite uses the stage heating method, and the plateau age and isochron age are calculated by ArArCALC software; The major elements in the whole rock were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF); Trace elements in the whole rock were measured by Quadrupole Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Q-ICPMS); Sr-Nd isotopic composition was obtained by MC-ICP-MS. The data obtained show that the age of the phlogopite plateau is 13.1 ± 0.18 Ma, which is consistent with the inverse isochron age; The ultrapotassic melt comes from the partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the Indian continent, and the source depth is shallow, so it should be a spinel stable area.
LIU Zhi-Chao
This data includes the main trace geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope data of the whole rock. The samples were collected from four rock bodies in the West Kunlun Pamir area. The main geochemical data of the whole rock are obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, the trace elements are obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and the Sr-Nd isotopic data of the whole rock are obtained by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Through the obtained data, the magma source areas are defined as the mixing of Mesoproterozoic ancient basement rocks and juvenile crustal materials, the mixing of meta-igneous rocks, and meta-sedimentary rocks, and Mesoproterozoic ancient basement rocks, which help understand regional magmatism and tectonic evolution.
YIN Jiyuan
Qiangtang Basin is located between the Hoh Xil-Jinsha River tectonic belt and the Bangong-Nu River tectonic belt, is an important petroleum-bearing basin in the Qinghai-Tibet region of China. The basin has multiple sets of source rocks developed in the Mesozoic. The Triassic strata are widely distributed in the basin. Among them, the Upper Triassic has a large thickness and is considered as an important source rock, however, there is still a lack of understanding of its distribution, hydrocarbon generation potential, and major controlling factors. In this paper, the Upper Triassic source rocks in the Qiangtang Basin were studied, and the key samples were taken in the Quemo Co area of the Northern Qiangtang Basin, which was less studied previously. The source rocks were evaluated based on the geochemical characteristics of the samples, and the provenance input and depositional environment of the source rocks were analyzed according to the characteristics of their biomarkers. Combining the results of previous studies on the source rocks of the Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Qiangtang Basin, the distribution characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential, and the controlling factors of the source rocks of the Upper Triassic in the Qiangtang Basin were studied. The analysis results of the samples of the Upper Triassic Bolila Formation and the Bagong Formation source rocks collected in the Quemo Co area of the Northern Qiangtang Basin indicate that the TOC range of the Bolila Formation limestone is 0.03%~0.53% with an average of 0.20%, and the TOC range of the Bagong Formation mudstone is 0.57%~1.78% with an average of 1.04%. Both have reached the effective source rock grade, The source rocks of the Bolila formation reaches the level of medium source rock grade, and the organic matter abundance of the source rocks of the Bagong Formation is higher than that of the Bolila Formation and reach the medium-good source rock grade. The organic matter types of the source rocks are type II 1 , and the Tmax of the organic matter are all higher than 455°C, R O of all samples are 1.3% to 2.0%, the organic matter maturity achieve high mature stage. The organic matter of the source rocks is both the marine aquatic organism and the terrestrial plant, which is a mixed source. The source rocks sedimentary environment should be a reducing environment. The salinity of water body may be the salt water environment. Combining with previous research results, the authors evaluated the source rocks of the Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Qiangtang Basin. The organic matter abundance of the argillaceous source rocks can basically reach the medium-good source rock level, carbonate source rocks organic matter abundance basically reach the poor source rock level. The types of the organic matter in carbonate source rocks are mainly Type II 1 and individually Type I. The organic matter types of the argillaceous source rocks are Type II 2 and Type III, and a small amount of the Type II 1 source rocks. The maturity of the source rocks is generally high-mature and over-mature stage, with only a few areas showing mature stage. The argillaceous source rocks are distributed in the Tumen-Sewa area, Zaxiahe-Ganggairi and Woruo Moutain-Geladandong area in the North and South Qiangtang Depression. Carbonate source rocks are mainly distributed in the South Qiangtang Depression. Affected by the regional tectonic movements, the main source rock beds in the Qiangtang Basin have undergone two oil and gas generation processes during the burial process. The Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation entered the hydrocarbon generation threshold in in the late Lower Jurassic to early Middle Jurassic and entered the first oil generation period. The basin experienced the last period of intense deformation and shrinkage in the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene and entered the second hydrocarbon generation period.
HAN Zhongpeng
Apatite (U-Th)/He data from the Nuomuhong region of the East Kunlun Shan. Apatite (U-Th)/He analysis was conducted at the State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration using the Australian Scientific Instruments (ASI) Alphachron noble gas mass spectrometer and Agilent 7900 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Reproducibility within each sample were reasonably good. We determine the paleodepth of each sample by measuring the distance perpendicularly from the erosion surface to the sample. All new and published ages are plotted against their paleodepth. The age-paleodepth relationship shows a break in slope at ~25 Ma, which is interpreted to initiation of thrusting at northern margin of the East Kunlun Shan.
LI Chaopeng, ZHENG Dewen
This data set includes cathodoluminescence images (CL images) of detrital zircons from sandstone of Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata in the Southern Qiangtang terrane and Early Cretaceous Hauterivian-Albian strata in the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone, Tibetan Plateau. The sampling and shooting time is 2018-2019. The sampling areas of Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata are Jiaco and Ritu areas of the Southern Qiangtang terrane. The sampling areas of Early Cretaceous Hauterivian-Albian strata are Baerqiao, Mabujiaco, Duochang and Kama areas of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone. CL images were taken in the Continental Dynamics Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China These data provide a key limit for understanding the closing of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone. The opening time of Bangong‐Nujiang Ocean is limited to 300-279Ma, and the closing time is limited to 110-100 Ma, which is of great significance to explore the tectonic evolution of Tethys Ocean. The related articles of the data set have been published in the well-known journals《Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology》,《Tectonics》,《Geoscience Frontiers》, and the data results are true and reliable.
FAN Jianjun
13C and 18O isotopic test results of late Pleistocene lacustrine mudstone deposits in Dunhuang basin and some horizons in Jiuxi basin since Miocene. The testing unit is the Key Laboratory of mineralization and resource evaluation, Institute of mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, and the instrument used is mat 253 gas isotope mass spectrometer. The data quality is good and within the error range. The 13C and 18O isotopic data of Dunhuang basin indicate that the lacustrine sediments in Dunhuang basin were in the late Pleistocene, and the overall climate was arid. The 13C and 18O isotopic data of Jiuxi basin indicate that although there are slight differences in different regions of Jiuquan Basin since Miocene, the climatic conditions are basically the same. It has been under relatively dry climatic conditions for a long time, while the Holocene profile shows an obvious change trend due to a short time range, which may indicate that the climate has fluctuated greatly since Holocene.
ZHANG Bo
This data set is the zircon cathodoluminescence image data (CL image) and chronology data set of rencuo ophiolite in the central Qinghai Xizang Plateau. The lithology of the sample includes gabbro, diabase and plagioclase granite. The formation age is about 160-150ma, and the sampling and shooting time is 2019-2020. The separation of zircon was completed in Hebei Regional Geological Survey Institute. Conventional heavy liquid and magnetic separation methods were used for separation, and finally pure zircon was selected under binocular microscope. The sample target was prepared in the Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The diameter of the sample target was 25 mm. The cathode fluorescence image analysis of zircon was completed on the cathode fluorescence analysis system of Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Hitach s-3000n field emission environmental scanning electron microscope and chroma cathode fluorescence spectrometer of Gatan company). Zircon U-Pb dating data were obtained by shrimp II ion probe of Beijing ion probe center, and the data accuracy was ~ 0.5-1ma. These data provide a key limit for understanding the formation and evolution of the Tethys ocean in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and have comparative significance for the study of oceanic zircons. The data association results have been published in the Geological Society of America Bulletin. The data results have been peer reviewed and the data quality is true and reliable.
TANG Yue TANG Yue
Data content: A large number of strongly deformed quartz veins are developed in the Ramba Dome, which records the fluid activity information in the extensional structure. Raman analysis of inclusions in quartz veins in the footwall and hangingwall of the STDS show that the main liquid phase component of inclusions is H2O and the gas phase components are CO2 and CH4. The existence of CO2 and CH4 represents the contribution of deep source fluids. The main source of CO2 is related to regional and contact metamorphism in the Ramba Dome. This data set has been published in the geological journal. Data source and processing method: The experimental work is mainly studied by WiTEC GmbH micro confocal Raman spectroscopy imaging system (alpha300R). The Raman experimental data analysis is completed in the laboratory of WiTEC Beijing demonstration center, using 532 nm laser as excitation light source, and the Raman spectral data is processed by WiTEC Project Five software. Data quality: The scanning area is 8 µm × 7 µ m, including 504 pixels, the integration time of each pixel is 1s, the spatial resolution is 350 nm, the data quality is high and the reliability is strong. Data application achievements and prospects: Through the analysis of mineral facies of inclusions, we observed the spatial distribution, correlation and chemical differences of different components of gas-liquid phase in quartz vein inclusions in Ramba Dome. The experimental method is based on the fast Raman imaging technology with high sensitivity and high resolution, which solves many difficult tests pain points in the geological field. At the same time, WiTEC Raman system provides excellent expansion performance for many scientific research workstations with its open structure, which greatly reduces the difficulty of realizing various in-situ experiments such as high and low temperature, high pressure, and reaction process.
LI Xiaorong, ZHANG Bo
This data set contains zircon U-Pb dating, zircon Hf isotope, whole rock principal and trace elements, and whole rock SR Nd isotope data of Cambrian and cryogenian granites in Anduo area, Qinghai Tibet Plateau, from Zhai Qingguo team of Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data are of good quality and can be used for the study of the early formation and evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the paleogeographic reconstruction of the Precambrian supercontinent. The main analytical instruments used include: Zircon U-Pb age is obtained by laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and zircon Hf isotope is obtained by a NWR 213nm laser ablation microprobe attached to a multicollector ICP – MS (Neptune plus), The major and trace elements in the whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence Shimadzu (xrf-1800) and analyticjena pqms elite ICP – Ms.
TANG Yue TANG Yue
This data set contains zircon U-Pb dating, zircon Hf isotope, whole rock major and trace elements, and whole rock SR Nd isotope data of Cambrian magmatic rocks in the central Qinghai Tibet Plateau, from Zhai Qingguo research team, Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The data quality is excellent, which can be used for the study of the early formation and evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the paleogeographic reconstruction of the Precambrian supercontinent, as well as the reconstruction of global ancient plates and paleogeographic restoration. This provides key information for understanding the early evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Zircon U-Pb dating data were obtained by shrimp II ion probe, and zircon HF isotopes were obtained by Neptune multicollector (MC) ICP-MS equipped with a geolas 200 m ARF exciter 193 nm laser ablation system.
TANG Yue TANG Yue
Data content: This data set is the quantitative comprehensive mineral facies analysis data of tectonite from RAMBA gneiss dome obtained by the Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer. The data includes the type, content, structural characteristics, distribution characteristics of the whole mineral facies in the tectonite, as well as the type, abundance and main hosted mineral facies information of the full spectrum elements. Data source and processing method: The data were obtained by four high spatial and temporal resolution EDAX energy spectrometers mounted on a Tescan field emission scanning electron microscope. The electrons outside the atomic nucleus of a measuring point on the mineral surface are bombarded by a high-energy electron beam, the transition between different energy levels or excited to escape into free electrons and release photons with a certain energy. The type and content of the mineral element can be accurately calibrated by the signals captured by different energy channels of the energy spectrum detector. Then, automatic comparison and matching are carried out in the database with nearly 5000 mineral phases, so as to fulfill the accurate determination of mineral phases and the element abundance mapping. The voltage is 25 kV, the working distance is 15mm, and the spot size is 100nm. Data quality description: Due to four energy spectrum detectors being equipped, the data acquisition time is short, the accuracy is high, the requirements for sample morphology are low, the detection limit is low, the data quality is very high and strongly reliable. Data application achievements and prospects: Sample size is 27mm x 47mm standard optical thin section, scanning area is full slice scanning with High-resolution scanning mode, and the step size is set to 1μm. Through data analysis, we have obtained the mineral assemblage characteristics of each structural unit of the Ramba gneiss dome, completed the metamorphic grade and metamorphic facies zoning, and put forward the structural thermal evolution model of the Ramba gneiss dome. This technic has been widely recognized and used in structural geology, petrology, geochronology, ore selecting, metallurgy, metal processing and manufacturing, and other disciplines and industries.
CHEN Siyu
This data includes zircon U-Pb dating of metamorphic rocks and basalts in the Precambrian continental crust remnant in the northwest of the North Qilian orogenic belt measured from 2019 to 2021, major and trace and Sr nd Hf isotopic geochemical test results of the whole rock, and major and trace geochemical test results of minerals. The main instruments used are Aglient 7500a ICP-MS, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thermo Finnigan Triton thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS), Neptune MC ICPMS and electron microprobe (EMPA). The data quality is high and within the error range. According to the data, the Precambrian continental crust fragments can be divided into three stages: Paleoproterozoic (1.7 GA), early Mesoproterozoic (1.6 GA) and middle Mesoproterozoic (1.5-1.2 GA), which were formed in the continental margin arc, intracontinental rift and initial ocean basin environment respectively. It is revealed that the Qilian block is located in the southwest of the core of the ancient lombia supercontinent.
LIU Yixin
The Jianchuan Basin, as one of the most important Cenozoic basins at the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, is a key region for determining the spatial-temporal evolution of paleodrainage and tectonic of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The sedimentary sequence of Paleogene strata from the bottom to the top includes the Baoxiangsi, Shuanghe, and Jianchuan Formations. The Shuanghe Formation conformably overlays the Baoxiangsi Formation but is in angular unconformity contact with the overlying Jianchuan Formation. New twelve detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology data from Paleogene strata in this basin were measured by LA-ICP-MS. The Detrital zircon U-Pb age spectrum of the Baoxiangsi Formation has multiple age peak ranges of 200-320 Ma, 390-490 Ma, 690-920 Ma, 920-1120 Ma, and 1700-2000 Ma(obviously different from the overlying strata), but the Shuanghe Formation is almost all concentrated at 35-45 Ma and 200-280 Ma, and the Jianchuan Formation compared with the Shuanghe Formation has increased the age peak range of 720-900 Ma. These results indicate that significant provenance changes occurred between the Baoxiangsi Formation and the overlying strata(at ~ 41 Ma) in the Jianchuan Basin. Provenance analyses illustrate that the Hoh-Xil, Songpan-Ganzi, North Qiangtang, Yidun, and western Yangtze terranes served as major sources for the Baoxiangsi Formation, the adjacent Triassic and Eocene igneous rocks for the Shuanghe Formation, and the western Yangtze block, adjacent Triassic and Eocene igneous rocks for the Jianchuan Formation. Such provenance changes support that large-scale drainage reorganization occurred in the late Eocene(at ~41 Ma). This significant late Eocene provenance and drainage changes occurred as one of the responses to coeval topographic uplift at the southeastern Tibetan Plateau and contemporary extensive magmatism.
FENG Ying
The age constraints for the Cenozoic denudation history of the Wuyu region in the southern Tibetan Plateau provide evidence for the growth process of the plateau and the interaction process of tectonics-climate-erosion in this region. Apatite fission track thermochronology has a relatively lower closure temperature of ~100 °C, thus is capable of recording the denudation process of the upper crust. We collected 14 samples on terranes and sediments in the Wuyu Basin and vicinity in the southern Tibetan Plateau. These samples were fission track dated using the external detector method in the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The result shows fission track central age of terrane samples range in 44.8-11.7 Ma, and decomposed component age of detrital samples range in 36-13.4 Ma. Integrated analysis indicates the cooling age of these terranes and detritus both concentrate on the early-middle Miocene (23-12 Ma), suggesting significant rock exhumation of the study region in early-middle Miocene. We infer the exhumation event should be caused by the contemporaneous intense erosion and denudation, which is possibly related to the rapid uplift of the Lhasa-Qiangtang blocks or sharply wetting of southern Tibet. The main finding of this study is that significant denudation occurred in the early-middle Miocene in the Wuyu region, southern Tibetan Plateau.
HE Pengju
This data is the detrital zircon data of the upper Shihezi Formation of the middle and Late Permian on the southwest margin of the North China plate, which is the experimental data. More than 5kg sandstone samples were collected in the field. Zircon was separated from the samples and made targets by heavy liquid and magnetic separation technology. Single grain zircon LA-ICP-MS microanalysis was carried out in the State Key Laboratory of continental dynamics of Northwestern University. The sample collection, pretreatment and experimental process are carried out according to strict standards, and the data quality is reliable. The results show that the zircon ages range from 254 to 2700 Ma, and the main peak ages are ~ 320 Ma, ~ 1765 Ma and ~ 2495 Ma, respectively. Combined with the regional geological background and sedimentological data, it is considered that the peak age of ~ 320mA can come from the northern margin of the North China plate; This also suggests that the paleotopography of the upper Shihezi Formation was high in the north and low in the south. The provenance information reflected by the middle Late Permian detrital zircon data on the southwest margin of the North China plate can provide data support for reconstructing the paleogeography of the North China plate at that time.
LIANG Jiwei 梁积伟
The Himalayas is the most majestic, tall and young folded mountain system on earth. Before Eocene, the Himalayas were in a long-term sinking shallow sea environment. Under the action of extremely strong Himalayan movement, the Himalayas rose from the sea. By the end of tertiary, it had risen to a high mountain with an average height of more than 3000 meters. Therefore, under the influence of global climate change, Mount Everest has experienced several major Pleistocene glaciations, leaving behind various glacial related sediments and interglacial deposits. In 1960, the scientific investigation team of the Chinese Everest mountaineering team and the scientific investigation team of the Chinese xishabangma mountaineering team in 1964 conducted a more detailed investigation on the glaciers and other Quaternary sediments in the two peaks and their adjacent areas. During the scientific investigation of Mount Qomolangma from 1966 to 1968, on the basis of previous work, the Quaternary glacial deposits characteristic of this area were further investigated, and the research on various deposits in interglacial period and post glacial period was strengthened, so as to find some complete and typical quaternary stratigraphic profiles. This data set comes from the field investigation of the scientific research team in this book. Outline This paper introduces the spatial distribution characteristics of Quaternary sediments, focuses on several main quaternary stratigraphic profiles, preliminarily establishes the sequence of Quaternary strata in this area and discusses the age of strata. It lays a foundation for in-depth discussion of Quaternary glaciation, paleoclimate and the rise of Himalayas in this area.
Tibetan Scientific Expedition of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Based on 12.5m DEM and remote sensing image interpretation, we can clearly identify the scarps, staggered rivers, gate ridges, compression ridges and other structural landforms along the Honghe fault, Nanting River fault and Lancang Gengma fault, which provides basic data for further field verification. Through the analysis of the landform along the fault and the fine structural analysis of the Quaternary fault outcrop, the kinematic characteristics of the fault are determined. The deflections of the drainage system and the geological and geomorphic units of the fault indicate that the amount of dextral dislocation of the HONGHE FAULT ranges from tens of meters to 50 km. A series of structural landforms such as sinistral dislocations of large gullies, fault troughs, fault triangles and scarps developed along the Nanting River fault. The Lancang Gengma fault is dominated by dextral strike slip.
WANG Yang
The development history of high topography in the northeastern (NE) Tibetan Plateau is essential to test various plateau growth models and understand plateau construction. We present integrated provenance data from the NE Qaidam Basin, south of the Qilian Shan. Results show an increase in carbonate lithics, an increase in Al2O3/SiO2 ratios, a negative shift in εNd values and an appearance of large amounts of Precambrian zircon grains in the period of ~13 to ~8 Ma, arguing that the sediment source of the NE Qaidam Basin may have shifted from the East Kunlun Shan to the Qilian Shan during this time interval. We infer that significant topographic growth of the southern Qilian Shan occurred during the middle-late Miocene. Along with widespread middle to late Miocene deformation records across the Qilian Shan and abruptly shifts on provenance, sedimentary facies and climate indexes in its surrounding basins, present high topography of the NE Tibetan Plateau may have been established since the middle-late Miocene.
LI Chaopeng, ZHENG Dewen
The data coverage area is Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor, which is vector line data. The data defines its active period and names it. The strike, nature, active period and exposure of the fault are described. However, the content is missing, and the secondary fault zone is not named. There are 590 linear elements within the Sichuan Tibet traffic corridor in this data set, but some linear elements are multiple elements of the same fault zone. The active fault zone is often the combination zone of different plates and different blocks. It is a relatively weak zone of the crust, which is easy to induce extremely serious earthquake disasters. It is also a concentrated development zone of geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and debris flow. The judgment of the location and nature of fault zone is of great significance to the risk susceptibility evaluation of geological disasters, and it is the key factor to study geological disasters.
WANG Lixuan
This set of data is used to reconstruct the magnetostratigraphy of the Hoh Xil basin in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basinaround the eastern margin of the plateau, and then combined with other chronological methods to establish high-precision chronological scales of the two basins. All the data are thermal demagnetization data, including two parts: one is the paleomagnetic data of the strata about 1000 meters in the top of the Hoh Xil basin; The second is the paleomagnetic data of the bottom strata in Sichuan Basin. The data were measured or obtained in the State Key Laboratory of continental dynamics, Northwestern University and the laboratory of paleomagnetism and geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The preliminary processing results show that the data quality is high.
LIANG Wentian
This data belongs to zircon U-Pb geochronology data of Jurassic strata in Yanshan tectonic belt, including Pb, 232Th, 238U contents, 207Pb / 206Pb, 2upb geochronology data of early Mesozoic strata in Yanshan technological belt (230-225ma). Docx07pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ratio and error, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U age and error data, etc. Zircon U-Pb dating was performed in the ion probe Laboratory of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences using cameca ims-1280hr. The U-Th-Pb isotopic ratios were determined by standard zircon pl é Sovice correction was achieved. The U content was obtained by standard zircon 91500 correction. Simultaneous interpreting of the standard deviation and the internal accuracy of the single point test was achieved by the standard sample of long term monitoring, and the single point error was obtained. The accuracy of the standard sample Qinghu was used as the unknown sample monitoring data. The measured 204Pb value is used for ordinary Pb correction. The error of isotope ratio and age is 1 σ。 The harmonious age and average age were calculated by using the isoplot software. The results of geochronology are published in Tectonophysics, and the data quality is reliable. It plays a key role in determining the Middle Jurassic stratigraphic age and tectonic deformation age of Yanshan structural belt, and has a good application prospect.
WU Guoli
This data belongs to zircon U-Pb geochronology data of early Mesozoic strata in Yanshan tectonic belt, including Pb, 232Th, 238U contents, 207Pb / 206Pb, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ratios and errors, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ages and errors, etc. Zircon U-Pb dating was performed in the ion probe Laboratory of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences using cameca ims-1280hr. The U-Th-Pb isotopic ratios were determined by standard zircon pl é Sovice correction was achieved. The U content was obtained by standard zircon 91500 correction. Simultaneous interpreting of the standard deviation and the internal accuracy of the single point test was achieved by the standard sample of long term monitoring, and the single point error was obtained. The accuracy of the standard sample Qinghu was used as the unknown sample monitoring data. The measured 204Pb value is used for ordinary Pb correction. The error of isotope ratio and age is 1 σ。 The harmonious age and average age were calculated by using the isoplot software. The results of geochronology data are published in Earth Science Reviews. The data quality is reliable. It plays an important role in establishing the early Cenozoic geochronology framework and regional stratigraphic correlation of Yanshan structural belt, and lays a foundation for further analysis of Mesozoic basin evolution history, which has a good application prospect.
WU Guoli
The data set includes cumulative 3-D deformation variables recorded by 50 continuous and mobile GPS stations 5 years after the 2015 mw7.8 Nepal earthquake. Data from published articles: Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Wang, D., Yu, J., and tan, K. (2021), dynamic modeling of postseismic deformation following the 2015 MW 7.8 Gorkha earth, Nepal, J. Asian Earth SCI., 215104781, Doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2021.104781. The post earthquake deformation data processing process is as follows: firstly, the original observation data are processed to obtain the time series under ITRF reference frame; Then, other effects unrelated to the Nepal earthquake, such as seasonal variation, interannual variation, plate effect, etc., are corrected; Thirdly, the post earthquake time series curve is fitted by logarithmic function; Finally, the post earthquake deformation of any period is calculated by fitting the curve. Five years after the earthquake, the accumulated deformation is nearly 13.8 cm. The horizontal accuracy is not less than 0.6cm, and the vertical accuracy is not less than 2.0cm.
HU Yan
The data set consists of 93 continuous and mobile GPS stations recording the cumulative three-dimensional deformation variables 10 years after the 2008 mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. GPS daily sampling time series data are mainly from the website of China Seismological Bureau（ http://www.cgps.ac.cn/ ）Diao, F., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Xiong, X., Walter, T.R. (2018), fault behavior and lower critical physiology informed from the first seven years of postseismic GPS data after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, earth planet. SCI. Lett., 495, 202-212, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.05.020. We process the post earthquake deformation data as follows: first, we correct other effects unrelated to the Wenchuan earthquake, such as seasonal variation, interannual variation, plate effect, etc; Thirdly, the post earthquake time series curve is fitted by exponential function and logarithmic function; Finally, the post earthquake deformation of any period is calculated by fitting the curve. Ten years after the earthquake, the accumulated deformation is nearly 21 cm. The horizontal accuracy is not less than 1.7 cm, and the vertical accuracy is not less than 4 cm.
HU Yan
This data is a histogram of red coral stratum in Kunlun mountain area, including the characteristic elements of stratum thickness and lithology change, which is based on detailed field survey and indoor analysis. The specific processing method is as follows: through field investigation, obtain the material of formation lithology composition, formation thickness, structural characteristics, etc., and draw the draft of stratigraphic histogram by hand. Back in the room, the lithology of rock is confirmed by thin section identification, and then the histogram is electronized by CorelDRAW software. This map is about 4MB in size with high resolution. It can be used for stratigraphic investigation, lithological analysis, the highest marine strata in Kunlun Mountain, paleontology and paleogeography.
ZHANG Qinghai
1) This paper reports a new fossil assemblage of sinoalid at the top of the Jurassic Daohugou bed, summarizes the distribution and evolution of the froghoppers in the Daohugou biota, and reveals the paleoecological significance. 2) The fossil material comes from the top layer of Daohugou bed. V16 microscope is used to photograph the fossils, PS software is used to make plates, and CDR software is used to draw line drawings and map. 3) A total of 12 fossils of the sinoalids are well preserved in the gray tuffaceous shale. 4) This paper summarizes the assemblage characteristics of sinoalids in different layers from bottom to top of the Jurassic Daohugou biota, and analyzes the distribution, evolution and paleoecological significance of the Cercopoidea.
FU Yanzhe
This data is the stratigraphic histogram of Quanshui Lake in Kunlun mountain area, including the characteristic elements of stratigraphic thickness and lithologic changes, which is based on detailed field survey and indoor analysis. The specific processing method is as follows: through field investigation, obtain the material of formation lithology composition, formation thickness, structural characteristics, etc., and draw the draft of stratigraphic histogram by hand. Back in the room, the lithology of rock is confirmed by thin section identification, and then the histogram is electronized by CorelDRAW software. This map is about 4MB in size with high resolution. It can be used for stratigraphic investigation, lithological analysis, the highest marine strata in Kunlun Mountain, paleontology and paleogeography.
ZHANG Qinghai
This data belongs to U-Pb geochronology data of Hailaer Basin in eastern China, including Pb, 232Th, 238U contents, 207Pb / 206Pb, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ratios and errors, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ages and errors, etc. The data belongs to LA-ICP-MS data, and the precision and accuracy meet the research requirements. The results of geochronology data play an important role in the establishment of Mesozoic stratigraphic framework in Hailaer basin, which lays a good foundation for the Mesozoic tectonic evolution and basin analysis in this area, and has a good application prospect.
ZHU Jichang
This data belongs to U-Pb geochronology data of Mesozoic strata in Huanghua depression, Bohai Bay Basin, inner North China Craton, including Pb, 232Th, 238U contents, 207Pb / 206Pb, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ratios and errors, 207Pb / 235U, 206Pb / 238U ages and errors, etc. Zircon U-Pb dating was carried out by using the second upgraded excimer laser ablation system (geolas HD, 193nm wavelength) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with quadrupole (Agilent 7900). The laser frequency is 5Hz and the beam size is 30 nm μ m。 The international standard sample 91500 was used as the external calibration standard for age calculation. Nist610 was used to calculate the concentrations of uranium, thorium and lead, and gj-1 was used to monitor the isotopic ratios The U-Pb isotopic ratios were calculated by cal10.8, and the common Pb was corrected by compb # 3-18. The age of particles younger than 1000mA is based on their 206Pb / 208U ratio. The analysis with > 10% or < – 5% inconsistencies was excluded. The acceptable inconsistencies and accuracies of the analysis were listed in the table below. The harmonic age and the mean age were calculated by isoplot software. The uncertainty of the mean age was 2 σ, The individual analysis report is 1 σ。 The results of geochronology data are published in Science China earth science, and the data quality is reliable. It plays a very important role in the establishment of Mesozoic stratigraphic framework in Bohai Bay Basin covered by Cenozoic. It lays a good foundation for Mesozoic tectonic evolution and basin analysis in this area, and has a good application prospect.
ZHU Jichang
Main contents: the continental lithosphere has extensive heterogeneity, but its role in continental rifting is not clear. The effects of lithospheric heterogeneity on the continental rift model are studied using two-dimensional thermo mechanical simulation. Heterogeneity is mainly manifested in the lateral inhomogeneous continental lithosphere, which has a cold western (CW) and a hot Eastern (he) lithosphere. A series of experiments were carried out to explore the influence of lithospheric thermal state, weak zone and extension velocity on continental rift. The main results and implications are as follows: (1) on the he side, the extension of the cwh-e lithosphere always leads to the formation of wide rifts, while the CW side is not deformed（ 2) The existence of weak lithosphere in CW can lead to the formation of wide rift in the East and deep and narrow rift in the West（ 3) The thermal state of the lithosphere strongly influences the rift types and lithospheric deformation patterns. When the crust is extremely hot (tmoho = 900 ℃), a wide rift first appears on the he side, and then a narrow rift forms on the CW side. The extensional velocity mainly affects the time of rift formation, but has no significant effect on the type of rift. Many rift basins developed in the North China Craton (NCC) since the early Cenozoic in response to the subduction and retreat of the Pacific plate. The east of the North China Craton is dominated by wide rifts, while the west of the North China Craton is dominated by narrow rifts. The coexistence of these two types of rifts in the North China Craton is the result of lateral lithospheric heterogeneity, including the pre-existing weak lithospheric regions.
CHEN Lin
Main contents: the dynamic process of ocean continent subduction not only depends on the properties of subducted oceanic plate, but also depends on the properties and state of overlying continental plate, In particular, little is known about the influence of the thermal state of the continental lithosphere on the subduction dynamics. Using two-dimensional thermal mechanical numerical simulation method, the performance of the continental lithosphere with different thermal states in the ocean continent subduction process is discussed The main results and implications are as follows: (1) when the geothermal gradient of the overlying continental crust is low (10 ~ 15 ℃ km − 1), the oceanic plate begins to subduct at a low angle, and then, driven by its own negative buoyancy, the subduction angle gradually increases and rapidly retreats, forming an ocean basin with a width of 600 ~ 1100km, With the continuous retreat of the trench, the horizontal deviatoric stress in the overlying continental plate alternates between positive and negative, lithospheric thinning mainly occurs near the subduction zone, and the surface has obvious extension and subsidence. (2) when the geothermal gradient of the overlying continental crust is higher (greater than 15 ℃ km − 1), the retreat of the oceanic plate promotes the strong extension of the overlying continental plate, The horizontal deviatoric stress in the overlying continental plate is characterized by compression and then tension, resulting in the surface uplift and then slow subsidence. (3) increasing the age of the oceanic lithosphere will accelerate the retreat process of the trench, (4) the movement of the overlying continental plate towards the trench will slow down the retreat of the trench. When the geothermal gradient of the crust is greater than 17.5 ℃ km − 1, the hot continental crust will collapse and thrust to the subducted oceanic lithosphere, This process will also slow down the retreat of the trench. The spatial changes of the subduction process of the paleo Western Pacific plate in the early Cretaceous and their possible influence on the tectonic evolution of the East Asian basin It is considered that the development of the wide rift basin system in the Amur super terrane in the early Cretaceous is related to the slow retreat of the trench and the collapse of the hot crust; The relatively cold North China Craton lithosphere retreated rapidly due to oceanic trench, resulting in the development of passive rift basins on the continental margin
TANG Jiaxuan, CHEN Lin
The contents include: there is a sudden change of lithospheric thickness between the old Craton and the adjacent young active belt, Small scale mantle convection (boundary driven convection) can be induced by the transverse difference of temperature and density between the two. The boundary convection caused by the lithospheric step between the craton and the active zone and its role in the lithospheric thinning of the craton are discussed by using two-dimensional thermo mechanical numerical simulation method, When the density of the craton lithosphere is relatively high, the high-intensity craton lithosphere has a strong ability to resist boundary driven convection, and the thinning of the craton lithosphere is limited to the edge. However, the low-intensity craton lithosphere has a weak ability to resist boundary driven convection, When the density of the cratonic lithosphere is relatively small, no matter the strength of the cratonic lithosphere is high or low, the low density of the cratonic lithosphere can well inhibit the influence of boundary driven convection, The lithospheric thinning of the Archean North China Craton was confined by Phanerozoic active zones. The lithospheric thinning of the craton first occurred in the northern and Eastern margins and experienced a slow process, We believe that boundary driven convection may play an important role in the lithospheric thinning process of the North China Craton, especially in the initiation process of lithospheric thinning, but we can not rule out the joint action of other multiple mechanisms
CHEN Lin
The contents include electron microprobe data and microscopic photographs of the chemical compositions of the granitic dioritic mylonites from Yunmengshan area, Beijing. The EPMA data of Mineral chemical composition were obtained by Joel jxa8230 EPMA instrument in the school of resources and environment, Hefei University of technology. The experimental conditions are as follows: accelerating voltage 15kV, testing current 20na, electron beam spot diameter 5 μ m. For smaller particles, 3 μ M beam spot. The data detection time is 10 ~ 20s, and the experimental error is 0 ± 2%。 Natural minerals were used as standard samples. A total of 5 rock samples were tested. For each matrix mineral (plagioclase, potash feldspar, amphibole) in each sample, at least 3 particles are tested, and generally 3-4 probe points are tested for each mineral particle. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was also performed on the representative plagioclase and K-feldspar plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclase plagioclas. The chemical composition data of representative minerals are listed in the table. This data can provide data support for the specific temperature conditions and variation rules of ductile deformation of mylonite in Yunmeng Mountain, Beijing.
ZHANG Hui
The results show that the whole rock SR Nd isotopic composition of the basic rocks in the ophiolite of rencuo (Shenzha bange county) in the North Lake area of Tibet. The purpose of this analysis is to clarify the characteristics of magma mantle source area of basic rock unit in ophiolite, and provide key evidence for further constraining the genesis of ophiolite and clarifying its type. The data analysis and testing were completed in Wuhan Shangpu analysis and testing company, and the pre-processing was completed in the 1000 level ultra clean room equipped with 100 level operation platform. The isotope analysis was performed by MC-ICP-MS (Neptune plus) of Thermo Fisher Scientific Company in Germany, and the data acquisition was composed of 8 blocks, each block contained 10 cycles, and each cycle was 4.194 seconds. This set of data samples meet the analysis requirements with high accuracy, which can be used to further constrain the genesis and tectonic classification of Ophiolites in the central Tethys orogenic belt.
ZHAI Qingguo
The table contains 40Ar / 39Ar dating information of mylonite samples from the Korean Peninsula. At first, the samples were separated by crushing → water bleaching → sieving → magnetic separation → specific gravity liquid separation, and then the single mineral dating samples such as biotite, amphibole and Muscovite were selected by hand under binocular lens. The experimental method is 40Ar / 39Ar dating. After pretreatment, the samples were irradiated in the "swimming pool reactor" of the Chinese Academy of atomic energy. The helix MC of the Institute of geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences was used to heat the samples in stages. The isoplot program was used to calculate the plateau age and the positive and negative isochrons. This data can provide data support for understanding the eastward extension of the Dabie Sulu orogenic belt on the Korean Peninsula.
WU Yudong
This data is the whole rock geochemical composition of Cretaceous magmatic rocks in Lhasa block. Including: basalt, andesite, dacite, granite and other lithology. The age span is from Permian to late Cretaceous. Through these data, we can effectively understand the geochemical properties of magmatic rocks in Lhasa block, and further understand the geochemical composition of magmatic rocks in different periods and the evolution characteristics of corresponding source areas. The data testing was completed in Beijing Kehui Testing Co., Ltd. and the sampling was completed by LA-ICP-MS multi receiver plasma mass spectrometry. The laser ablation system was ESI NWR 193nm, and the ICP-MS was analytikjena plasmaquant MS elite ICP-MS. The off-line processing of analytical data (including the selection of samples and blank signals, calibration of instrument sensitivity drift, calculation of element content, U-Th-Pb isotope ratio and age) was completed by software icpmsdata cal.
ZHAI Qingguo
This data includes zircon U-Pb ages of Precambrian Cenozoic magmatic rocks in Lhasa block, Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data table includes zircon U-Th-Pb ratios and corrected data results. The U-Pb age concordance diagram is also attached. The data testing was completed in Beijing Kehui Testing Co., Ltd. and the sampling was completed by LA-ICP-MS multi receiver plasma mass spectrometry. The laser ablation system was ESI NWR 193nm, and the ICP-MS was analytikjena plasmaquant MS elite ICP-MS. The off-line processing of analytical data (including the selection of samples and blank signals, calibration of instrument sensitivity drift, calculation of element content, U-Th-Pb isotope ratio and age) was completed by software icpmsdata cal.
ZHAI Qingguo
This data set includes the whole rock major and trace element geochemical data and zircon U-Pb isotope data of the Carboniferous Permian mafic intrusive rocks in Xilinhot area. The major element data of the whole rock are obtained by XRF, the trace element data of the whole rock are obtained by ICP-MS, and the zircon U-Pb isotope data are obtained by la-icp-ms. This set of data has been published in Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), a geoscience SCI journal. Through the analysis of this set of data, the characteristics of magma source area and regional tectonic evolution history can be effectively constrained.
WANG Ke, LI Yilong
The data include major and trace geochemical data and zircon U-Pb isotope data of Silurian xuniwusu formation, Devonian Xilinguole complex and Permian Zhesi formation in central Inner Mongolia. The major element geochemical data of the whole rock are obtained by XRF analysis, the trace element geochemical data are obtained by ICP-MS, and the zircon U-Pb isotopic data are obtained by LA-ICP-MS. This set of data has been published in Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), which is a geoscience SCI journal. This set of data can effectively constrain the evolution process of regional Paleozoic geological structure.
LI Yilong
Objectives: The Qiangtang Basin is the largest Mesozoic marine basin in the Xizang( Tibetan) Plateau. There have been a lot of debate about the nature and evolution of the Late Triassic Qiangtang Basin. The Zangxiahe Formation that deposited on the northern of the Qiangtang Basin and consist of sandstone and mudstone sediments,which is an significant record for the Late Triassic property of the Qiangtang Basin. The aims of this study are to constrain the nature and tectonic evolution of the Late Triassic Qiangtang Basin based on their provenance and tectonic setting of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones.Methods: The X-ray fluorescence( XRF) and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass( HR-ICP-MS)are used to make the major and trace elements analysis of the Upper Triassic Zangxiahe Formation sandstones in Ganggairi area,the northern Qiangtang Basin. The major and trace elements analysis of samples were measured in the Analytical Laboratory,Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,China.Results: For the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones,Si O2( 66. 9% ～ 76. 2%) and Al2O3( 10. 6% ～ 13. 2%) are the most abundant oxides. The second most abundant oxides are Fe2O3( 2. 70% ～ 4. 87%),Mg O( 0. 81% ～2. 25%),Ca O( 0. 42% ～ 3. 66%),Na2O( 1. 69% ～ 2. 36%) and K2O( 1. 63% ～ 2. 21%),while other oxides including Mn O,Ti O2 and P2O5 contents are lower than 1. 0%. Elements Si and P show slightly enrichment and other oxides show apparent depletion compared to UCC. In comparison with UCC,large-ion lithophile elements,include Sr,Cs and Ba,are depleted significantly. High field strength elements Zr and Hf have similar geochemical properties and enriched significantly. Transition trace elements,Sc,V,Cr,Co,Ni and Zn,also show apparent depletion. The total rare earth element( ∑REE) contents of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones are 170. 3×10-6～253. 2×10-6( avg. 199. 4×10-6),which are higher than that of the UCC and have significant negative Eu anomaly.Conclusion: The CIA( 55. 0 ～ 65. 9,average 59. 1),CIW( 60. 6 ～ 74. 3,average 65. 9) and PIA( 56. 1 ～70. 6,average 61. 5) values indicate that the intensities of weathering in the source area were weak. No obvious Kmetasomatism occurred in these sandstones based on the A—CN—K diagram and low K2O contents. The relatively high ICV values reflect the source was first-cycle sediments of the active tectonic zone possibly. The Al2O3/Ti O2( 15. 4～21. 6,avg. 18. 5) values of the Zangxiahe Formation are similar to the intermediate igneous rocks,while Ti O2/Zr( 11. 9 ～ 33. 5,avg. 20. 3) values are similar to felsic igneous rocks. The Cr/Th—Sc/Th and Co/Th—La/Sc bivariate diagrams and significant negative Eu anomaly reveal that the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones were potentially derived from felsic igneous rocks,and mixed with minor intermediate igneous rocks. The( Fe2O3 T+Mg O) —Al2O3/Si O2,( Fe2O3 T+ Mg O) —Ti O2,( Fe2O3 T+ Mg O) —Al2O3/( Ca O + Na2O),Si O2—K2O/Na2O and La/Sc—Ti/Zr bivariate diagrams and La—Th—Sc,Th—Co—Zr/10,Th—Sc—Zr/10 triangular diagrams indicate that the source areas of the Zangxiahe Formation sandstones were sourced from the active continental margin and continental island arc,while also mixed with minor passive continental margin,which may be formed in the backarc foreland basin.
WANG Zhongwei
The samples are well qiangke-1, well qiangdi-17 and well qiangzi-16. The analysis and testing work was completed in the laboratory of AR, u-th-he geochronology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. See Wu Lin et al. (2016) for testing methods. The results are as follows: the zircon (U-Th) / He ages of 9 samples from three boreholes in the Qiangtang block in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, except that the thermal history information of two samples from Eocene has not been reset, the rest of the samples are concentrated in Cretaceous, and the age values change little with elevation, indicating the existence of Cretaceous denudation cooling. Well qd-17 in the west of the Qiangtang block recorded denudation cooling in the early Cretaceous (about 127-114 MA), and well qz-16 in the East recorded denudation cooling in the late Cretaceous (about 92-64 MA). The denudation and cooling of the Cretaceous resulted in the statistics of regional low temperature thermochronology and the response of tectonic sedimentary events. The low-temperature thermochronological data of the Qiangtang block, Lhasa block and Himalayan block show that the Cretaceous early Eocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the Northern Lhasa block and Qiangtang block (within the plateau), while the late Miocene low-temperature thermochronological ages are widely distributed in the southern Lhasa block to Himalayan block (southern margin of the plateau), This age distribution pattern suggests that the interior and southern margin of the plateau experienced different erosion cooling histories. Referring to the rapid denudation cooling process in the southern margin of the plateau since late Miocene, it is speculated that there was a Cretaceous rapid denudation cooling event in the interior of the plateau. Early Cretaceous depositional discontinuities and unconformities occurred widely in the Northern Lhasa block, Qiangtang block and its northern area, which also indicated rapid denudation during Cretaceous. Combined with the analysis of regional tectonic evolution, the Cretaceous denudation cooling may be the result of the collision between the Lhasa block and Qiangtang block after the closure of the Bangong Lake Nujiang ocean in Early Cretaceous, which indicates that there may have been obvious shortening, thickening deformation and corresponding denudation cooling in the crust of the plateau before the Cenozoic India Eurasia collision.
zheng Bo
There are 6 apatite fission track data and 2 zircon fission track data in tiekelike mountain, West Kunlun. The age error is less than 10%; The results show that the tiekelike mountains in the north of West Kunlun have undergone rapid exhumation since Miocene. There are 17 groups of detrital zircon U-Pb dating results of Cenozoic sediments from keriyang section and kashtashi section in front of West Kunlun Mountains, which are analyzed by LA-ICP-MS method, and the age concordance is less than 10%; These results indicate that the early provenance of the Piedmont sediments came from Songpan Ganzi and South Kunlun blocks, and the South Kunlun block and North Kunlun block provided provenance to the Piedmont since the Atushi formation. These results indicate that the Cenozoic uplift of the West Kunlun Mountains experienced a process of gradual northward growth. Four apatite fission track results of bedrock samples from the upper and lower walls of Tashkurgan normal fault in the Pamir orogenic belt were obtained by using the external detector method, and the age error was less than 15%; The results show that the Tashkurgan normal fault began to move about 8.5 Ma, and the footwall of the normal fault tilted westward, which may indicate that there was a structural system transformation from the previous north-south compression orogeny to the late Cenozoic East-West collapse extension in the East Pamir area.
LIN Xiubin
The data set includes garnet, pyroxene, amphibole, muscovite, zoisite and epidote geochemical data of eclogites in the Donghai and Rongcheng area, as well as major data of whole rock. The whole set of data was tested at the VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The single mineral geochemical data were obtained by using jeol8800m electron microprobe analysis, and the main elements of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis. The above data have been published in SCI Journal of Earth Science, and the data are authentic. Through the analysis of this set of data, the regional metamorphism process can be effectively constrained, and the subduction denudation history of the terrane can be analyzed.
LI Zhuoyang, LI Yilong
This data set includes major and trace data of whole rock, chemical data of amphibole plagioclase, zircon u-pb-hf isotope data and amphibole Ar isotope data of amphibolite and epidote amphibolite in Xilinhot area, Inner Mongolia. The major element data of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis, the trace element data by ICP-MS analysis, the chemical data of hornblende plagioclase minerals by EPMS analysis, the zircon U-Pb isotope data by LA-ICP-MS analysis, the zircon Hf isotope data by mc-la-icp-ms analysis, and the hornblende ar Ar isotope data by gv-5400 mass spectrometer. The above data were obtained in 2017 and published in gsab, a top international geoscience journal. The data are true and reliable. Through this set of data, we can analyze the characteristics of magma source area, understand the regional metamorphism events, and improve the Paleozoic tectonic evolution framework of the Central Asian orogenic belt.
LI Yilong
Electron microprobe data analysis of tourmaline in tourmaline leucogranite of cuonadong dome in North Himalayan dome belt Data source and processing: EPMA testing, testing laboratory: EPMA laboratory, Key Laboratory of orogenic belt and crustal evolution, Ministry of education, Peking University; The element abundance of tourmaline in the probe slice was measured; Data quality: element abundance error < 0.1% Application of the data in the future: analysis of the source areas of leucogranite and their differences, and discussion of the transformation of fluid action.
ZHANG Jinjiang
The data of major and trace elements were analysed by ICP-MS at the State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements were analysed by LA-ICP-MS at the Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny of CAS, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The international standard samples and reference values measured in the same batch are consistent within the error range, with low blank in the whole process. The samples of YMS and FS batholiths range from diorite to granite (52‒75 wt. % SiO2), and both show the higher bulk rock Fe3+/ΣFe ratios (between 0.3 and 0.6). The Fe3+/ΣFe of low silica (SiO2<65 wt. %) samples of Dabie are consistent with YMS and FS, but the high SiO2 samples show the low ratios (between 0.1 and 0.3) . Compared with MORB, all the samples show the high ƒO2.Majority of zircons Ce4+/Ce3+ and Eu/Eu* ratios are mostly in range of 100-1000, and consistent with ore-bearing porphyries in Chile and China (e.g., Dexing), indicating the high ƒO2. Conversely, the inherited zircon (~2.5 Ga) Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios of Liguo and FS plutons range from 10 to 200, similar to those of ore barren porphyries in Chile, i.e. low ƒO2 .That adakitic rocks with high oxygen fugacity are very widespread in the NCC. Those magmas were derived from partial melting of thickened lower continental crust with the mixing of mantle materials, and the high ƒO2 characteristic inherited from an oxidized mantle source that has been modified by fluids and/or melt derived from (Paleo)-Pacific plate.
ZHANG Zhekun
The data are the typical landscape, geomorphology and sedimentary strata photos obtained by the thematic group in the lower reaches of Yajiang River and Niyang River Basin from July to August 2019, as well as the physical and chemical indexes of loess and river sediments, mainly including: (1) 14C sample sampling and age in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (2) Chronological results of OSL in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (3) XRF of lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (4) Magnetic susceptibility of Lamawan lacustrine sediments and Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (5) Grain size of Langou loess in the lower reaches of Niyang River; (6) Elements in the lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River and Niyang River Basin. The photos mainly show glaciers, rivers, lakes and other landscapes, as well as landslide surface, glacier shear surface and sedimentation.
CAO Bo, GAO Hongshan
The growth process of the Tibetan Plateau has always been the focus of debate at home and abroad, which is of great significance for evaluating different growth models. In recent years, one of the focuses of debate is whether the "original Tibetan Plateau" exists and its scope. Sedimentological evidence and provenance analysis show that the topographic growth occurred in Qiangtang terrane and North Lhasa terrane as early as Cretaceous. However, paleontological and PALEOELEVATION evidences show that the topographical height of the central part of the plateau was formed in the Eocene Miocene. In order to solve this problem, we conducted apatite fission track studies in the Qiangtang terrane in the hinterland of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Because crustal thickening usually leads to topographic uplift and relief changes, thus accelerating denudation, the cooling events recorded by fission track are often strong indirect evidence of crustal thickening. The median apatite fission track age of Mesozoic sandstone samples is 40.1 ± 2.6 to 129 ± 3 Ma, with peak ages of ~ 45 Ma and 100-120 ma; The fission track age of the Eocene granite is 38.3 ± 1.3 Ma and 27.4 Ma respectively ± 1.6 Ma。 The uncorrected closed track length is 9.26 ± 39 to 14.11 ± zero point two four μ m. The corresponding relationship between age and age presents a typical "boomerang" trend, which reveals that the regional cooling time is earlier than 100 mA. The results of hefty thermal history inversion reveal that the growth process of the central part of the plateau can be divided into two stages: the first stage, the early Cretaceous (140-100 MA) cooling process reveals the crustal thickening in the central part of the plateau, which may be caused by the horizontal subduction of Bangong Nujiang Tethys ocean. At this time, the prototype of the plateau was formed in the middle and south of Qiangtang terrane; In the second stage, the former Tibet Plateau was gradually formed in the middle of the plateau from Eocene to Oligocene. The spatial distribution characteristics of Cenozoic low temperature thermochronology data in the central plateau show that there is no obvious East-West change, so the lower crustal flow model may be difficult to explain the growth process of the central plateau. On the contrary, the discrete and uniform distribution pattern of low temperature thermochronology data is consistent with the model of continental subduction and lithospheric mantle delamination. Combined with the regional deformation characteristics, the formation mechanism of the former Tibet Plateau includes upper crust shortening, continental crust subduction and deep mantle delamination.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The subsidence and exhumation histories of the Qiangtang Basin and their contributions to the early evolution of the Tibetan plateau are vigorously debated. This paper reconstructs the subsidence history of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin with eleven selected composite stratigraphic sections and constrains the first stage of cooling using apatite fission track data. Facies analysis, biostratigraphy, paleo-environment interpretation, and paleo-water depth estimation are integrated to create eleven composite sections through the basin. Backstripped subsidence calculations combined with previous work on sediment provenance and timing of deformation, show that the evolution of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin can be divided into two stages. From Late Triassic to Early Jurassic times, the North Qiangtang was a retro-foreland basin. In contrast, the South Qiangtang was a collisional foreland basin. During Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous times, thrust belt loading from the Jinsha River suture drove development of the combined retro-foreland basin. Detrital apatite fission track ages concentrate in late Early to Late Cretaceous (120.9-84.1 Ma) and Paleogene-Eocene (65.4-40.1 Ma). Thermal history modelling results record Early Cretaceous rapid cooling; the termination of subsidence and onset of exhumation of the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin suggest that the accumulation of crustal thickening in central Tibet probably initiated during Late Jurassic-Early Jurassic (150-130 Ma), involving underthrusting of both the Lhasa and Songpan-Ganze terranes beneath the Qiangtang terrane, or the collision of Amdo terrane.
ZHANG Jiawei, LI Yalin, HAN Zhongpeng
The collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane and its subsequent tectonic evolution are considered to be the most important event in the Tibetan Plateau before the Cenozoic India Asia collision. In view of this scientific problem, through the study of the late Cretaceous granite in Anduo area of Qiangtang terrane, the following achievements and understandings have been obtained. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, major and trace geochemistry and Sr Nd isotopic analysis have been carried out for the chuburi granite. The zircon U-Pb results of the two samples show that they were formed at 73-74 ma. The geochemical data show that the magmatic rocks have high contents of SiO2, K2O, Na2O, Al2O3 and total alkali, belonging to the high-k calc alkaline granite series. The normalized REE map of chondrite and the normalized trace element map of primitive mantle show that the magmatic rocks are characterized by enrichment of LREE and hree, enrichment of large ion lithophile elements and depletion of high field strength elements. Based on the analysis of petrological, petrographic and geochemical data, combined with the regional geological data, it is considered that the chuburi magmatic rock was formed by different degrees of mixed melt of mantle derived magma and lower crust derived melt, and then experienced the obvious separation and crystallization process of potash feldspar, plagioclase and other minerals. The formation of chuburi magmatic rocks is related to the delamination of lithosphere after the collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane
HE Haiyang
The late Mesozoic Magmatic arc of the South Qiangtang terrane is related to the long-term subduction of Bangong Lake Nujiang Tethys ocean and the subsequent collision of Lhasa Qiangtang terrane. However, the geological evolution from oceanic lithosphere subduction to continental collision is not clear. In view of this scientific problem, through the study of volcanic rocks in mudijiangya area of South Qiangtang terrane, the following achievements and understandings have been obtained（ 1) Zircon U-Pb dating data of two groups of volcanic rocks in mudijiangya area, Shuanghu County, central Qinghai Tibet Plateau show that the volcanic rocks of qushenla formation were formed at 114 Ma and those of abushan formation were formed at 76-75 ma（ 2) The original magma of the volcanic rocks in the qushenla formation may be derived from partial melting of mantle peridotite contaminated by crustal materials, which is related to the plate rotation of the northward subducted Bangong Nujiang Tethys oceanic crust（ 3) The original magma of volcanic rocks in the abushan formation may be a mixture of crustal melt and asthenospheric mantle, which is related to the lithospheric delamination in the Lhasa Qiangtang collision area.
HE Haiyang, LI Yalin
The Qiangtang terrane preserves an important record of the growth of the Tibetan Plateau since the Mesozoic; however, its deformation and cooling history remain poorly understood. To unravel this issue, we conducted geological mapping in the Esima area and detrital apatite fission-track and (U–Th)/He analyses of the Esima–Rongtang region in the east segment of Central Qiangtang terrane. Our results indicate that the east segment underwent two stages of structural deformation and rapid cooling during 120–110 Ma and 55–38 Ma. By combining our results with those of previous studies of the deformation and cooling history in the west segment, we reconstructed the early spatial and temporal geological evolution of the Central Qiangtang terrane since the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The structural deformation and cooling of the west segment at 150–130 Ma was related to northward flat subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang oceanic slab. The structural deformation and cooling of the east segment at 120–110 Ma and the west segment at 110–70 Ma was controlled by oblique convergence between Lhasa and Qiangtang. The structural deformation and cooling of the west and east segments at 55–38 Ma was associated with northward intracontinental subduction beneath the Qiangtang terrane induced by the Indo–Asian collision.
BI Wenjun, HAN Zhongpeng, LI Yalin
The contents are the map results required by the project of deep process and resource effect of Yanshanian major geological events, including "pre Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China", "Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" and "Yanshanian tectonic outline map of North China". The base maps of "pre Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" and "Yanshanian tectonic framework map of eastern China" are modified from 1:5 million Asian geological map. The "base map" of the Yanshanian structural outline map of North China is composed of 1:250000 geological map of eastern North China. The data of tectonics and geochronology in the map come from the papers published during the implementation of the project and previous research work in eastern China.
LIN Wei
The data include the Sims zircon ages of the developed rocks in the Changshan Islands, Eastern Liaoning Province. Zircon Sims zircon U-Pb dating was performed on the cameca ims-1280 secondary ion mass spectrometer, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. For zircon U-Pb dating, the instrument uses O2 - as the primary ion beam, focusing 20-30 in Gaussian mode or parallel light mode μ The ZrO +, UO2 +, uo +, U +, Pb +, and tho + ions in the samples were extracted by bombarding the surface of the solid samples with the beam spot of m diameter. In U-Pb isotopic dating, zircon reference sample Qinghu was used as internal standard and plese as external standard for isotope fractionation correction. Isoplot software was used to draw age concordance chart. The data have been published in international SCI journals, and the data are true and reliable.
LIN Wei
The data include detrital zircon ages and HF isotopes of turbidites from balagne and piedmont, Corsica, France. In situ U-Pb and HF isotopes of zircons were carried out in la-icps laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, using laser inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). In U-Pb isotopic dating, zircon standard 91500 was used as external standard for isotope fractionation correction. Glitter software was used to complete the data processing, and the sample points with harmony degree ≥ 90% were selected for data analysis. Density plotter software was used to draw the age distribution spectrum and calculate the weighted average age, and excel was used to complete Hf isotope mapping. The data have been published in international SCI journals, and the data are true and reliable.
LIN Wei
The data are AMS data of PENGGUAN complex. We used a portable gasoline rig to drill 5-7 cores at each sampling point, with an interval of 1 m to 2 m, and each core is about 3-6 cm long. Each core pillar was oriented by magnetic compass and solar compass, and magnetic declination (7 °) Correction of the error. In order to avoid the interference of core geometry on magnetic fabric, each core column is cut into a standard column with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a length of 2.2 cm. The AMS tests were carried out in the agico kappabridge (mfk1) low field condition of paleomagnetism laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The statistical analysis of AMS is mainly completed with the help of anisoft 4.2. The data has been officially published in tectonics, and the quality is true and reliable.
XUE Zhenhua
The data consist of two parts: AMS data of the Dayunshan-Mufushan pluton and 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotite, amphibole and Muscovite in the granitic mylonite and mica schist in the southern margin of the pluton. In the field, a portable gasoline drill was used to collect rock core columns, and then the samples were cut into standard columns with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a height of 2.2 cm indoor. The final test was completed in the paleomagnetism Laboratory of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The 40Ar-39Ar dating of minerals mainly includes the following steps. Firstly, the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then the biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. Before preparing for dating, biotite was reexamined and fresh, transparent and inclusion free crystals were selected. The experiments were carried out in the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and in the 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories. Mm5400 mass spectrometer was used to measure 40Ar / 39Ar with high resolution. Then, arcalc, a plug-in of Excel, is used to further process the original data. The data provide chronological support for the interpretation of emplacement process and dynamic mechanism of dayunshan Mufushan pluton. The above data have been published in the Journal of geophysical research: solid earth, and the data are true and reliable
JI Wenbin
The data are 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotite from the Miaoershan dome in Xuefeng mountain, South China. Mica schist was collected in the field, and then the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. The experiments were carried out in 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories of the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Firstly, the high-resolution 40Ar / 39Ar of mm5400 mass spectrometer was measured, and then the original data was further processed by the plug-in ararcalc of Excel software. The data provide chronological support for the collapse process and dynamic mechanism of Triassic Xuefengshan plateau. The above data have been published in Tectonophysics, and the data are true and reliable.
CHU Yang
The data are 40Ar-39Ar ages of biotites from granitic mylonites and gneissic granites in Yuechengling dome, South China. Firstly, the rock samples were cleaned and crushed, and then the biotite particles were selected by hand under the binocular microscope. Before preparing for dating, biotite was reexamined and fresh, transparent and inclusion free crystals were selected. The experiments were carried out in the Key Laboratory of Geology and Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and in the 40Ar / 39Ar and U-Th / he laboratories. Mm5400 mass spectrometer was used to measure 40Ar / 39Ar with high resolution. Then, arcalc, a plug-in of Excel, is used to further process the original data. The data provide chronological support for the explanation of the formation process and dynamic mechanism of Yuechengling dome. The above data have been published in tectonics, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in the form of Excel.
CHU Yang
This data set is the structural data of Xuefengshan structural belt in South China, including stratigraphic occurrence, foliation and lineation of metamorphic rocks, and fold axis direction. The data comes from the field measurement of Xuefengshan structural belt in South China. The deformation data of rocks in each structural unit in Xuefengshan structural belt are measured in detail by using geological compass, and the strain parameters are calculated by using Excel indoor, and the solution of strain ellipsoid at each measuring point is finally completed. This data can provide tectonic geological support for the strain heterogeneity in the Xuefengshan tectonic belt and the formation of arc structures in the orogenic belt. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in Excel.
CHU Yang
The contents include: plane model diagram of strata deformation and shear strain change after 10% compression of the model of Huangjindong deposit in northeastern Hunan Province; Plane model diagram of strata deformation and shear strain change after 2% extension of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; Plane model diagram of strata deformation and volume strain change after 2% stretching of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; The cross-section model map of strata deformation and shear strain change after 1% compression of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; Section model of strata deformation and volume strain change after 1% compression in Huangjindong deposit, Northeastern Hunan Province; The cross-section model map of strata deformation and shear strain change after 1% stretching of Huangjindong deposit model in Northeast Hunan Province; The profile model of strata deformation and volume strain change after 1% stretching of the Huangjindong deposit model in northeastern Hunan Province. There are seven Mesozoic tectonic thermal fluid numerical simulation maps in eastern China. The establishment process of plane and profile model: the top surface of the profile model is 3km underground, and the geometric model is 633m long, 20m wide and 512 M high. The lithology of the stratum in the model is sandstone and slate interbedding, and is cut through by a fault. The plane model is 15.3km wide and 12.5km high. The model consists of sandstone, siliceous slate and two kinds of quartz bearing slate with four faults. The stratum and rock mass in the study area are defined as elastic-plastic materials, and the corresponding simulation calculation is carried out based on the Mohr Coulomb strength criterion. The Mohr Coulomb strength criterion is adopted. The permeability and porosity of each geological unit are mainly based on the measured parameters of different geological units in Northeast Hunan, while the mechanical parameters are mainly from the FLAC3D manual or the test data of similar lithology. According to the previous research results and the actual geological characteristics of the mining area, the initial and boundary conditions of deformation and fluid flow are set, and the fluid flux is given to the whole model according to the mode and direction of fluid migration. In the initial state, the initial state of all pores in the rock is water saturation, that is, the saturation is 1. According to the theoretical model of ore-forming fluid pressure of hypabyssal rock, the initial pore pressure in the formation is set as hydrostatic pressure, and the pore pressure on the top surface of the model is fixed. The surface of the model is a permeable boundary, and other boundaries are set as impermeable boundaries. Then the initial geostress is balanced to get the equilibrium state. Then, the mechanical boundary conditions are set for the model. Combined with the characteristics of the ore deposits in northeastern Hunan formed in the tectonic environment of first compression and then tension, the two models are compared with each other, and the symmetrical initial compression velocity (2.425) is applied on the left and right boundaries of one model × 10-9 M / s) to simulate the process of tectonic compression, while the symmetrical initial tension velocity (2. 425 M / s) was applied to the left and right boundaries of the other model × 10-9m / s) to simulate the process of tectonic extension. Main conclusions and Enlightenment: the dynamic mechanism of the mineralization process of Huangjindong gold deposit is discussed through numerical simulation. Under the action of tectonic compression and tectonic extension, a large dilatation area appears in the slate near the fault. The formation of dilatation space can provide a favorable metallogenic space for mineral precipitation and metasomatism, and provide a favorable place for the convergence of ore-forming fluids, The simulation results show that the expansion location is basically corresponding to the known ore body. It also shows that the mineralization process of gold deposits in Northeast Hunan is closely related to mechanical action. At the same time, for other gold deposits or other types of gold deposits in Northeast Hunan, this simulation study also has a certain reference value, that is, through obtaining the relevant metallogenic geological characteristics (tectonic stress environment, rock mechanics parameters, etc.), studying the rock mass properties, strata deformation characteristics and the migration law of ore-forming fluid in the ore body location, It can clearly show the physical process of mineralization, improve the existing metallogenic model, and provide a theoretical basis for further prospecting. The above data have not been published yet. The results are expected to be published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
LI Zenghua
Zircon Lu Hf isotopic data of mylonite in Hetai gold deposit, Guangdong Province were tested by the State Key Laboratory of isotopes, Guangzhou Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The selected zircon targets were used for LA-ICP-MS experimental data acquisition. The instruments were Neptune plus multi absorption ICP-MS and resolution m-50 laser ablation system. Laser parameter spot 45 μ m. The repetition rate is 8 Hz and the energy is 80 MJ. He was used as carrier gas and a small amount of nitrogen was added to improve the sample signal. Penglai zircon is used as a standard sample in the test
JIAO Qianqian
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2019.04.003 In the study of the. In this study, 19 inversion points were selected based on the seismic stations in the Cathaysia Block. Under the constraint of shallow P-wave velocity, the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and surface wave dispersion was carried out, and the S-wave velocity structure under the station was obtained. The dataset contains 19 files in the format of DAT, such as cathaysia01.velocity.dat. The data set can be used to show the velocity structure of the lithosphere in the Cathaysia Block and to see the deep mechanism corresponding to a large amount of granite outcropping in the area.
DENG Yangfan
The data set is mainly shown in the article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2020.106617. The S-wave velocity structure under the station is obtained by using the joint inversion of the P-wave receiver function and the group velocity dispersion of 42 stations located near the Dahutang mining area in Jiangxi Province. The dataset contains 42 files in the format of DAT: for example, dahutang.jx46.velocity.dat. The data set represents the lithospheric velocity structure of the Dahutang mining area and understands the deep mechanism of Dahutang polymetallic mineralization.
DENG Yangfan
This data set mainly includes the whole rock major and trace, zircon U-Pb-Hf isotope data and biotite Ar-Ar chronology data of paragneiss in Xilinhot area, Inner Mongolia. The samples are collected from Xilinguole complex, including biotite plagioclase gneiss, two mica plagioclase gneiss and sericite plagioclase gneiss. The major elements of the whole rock were obtained by XRF analysis, trace elements by ICP-MS analysis, zircon U-Pb isotope data by LA-ICPMS analysis, zircon Hf isotope data by MC-ICPMS analysis, biotite Ar -Ar data by GV-5400 mass spectrometer analysis. The above data have been published in the international well-known journal Gondwana research, and the data are authentic. Through this set of data, we can effectively identify the fore arc sedimentary basin system of the South Mongolia micro block, constrain the rock formation age and material source, and indicate the tectonic affinity of the South Mongolia micro block.
LI Yilong
This data set is geochemical data collected from the Middle Cretaceous gajin granite in the gomangcuo ziguicuo area, southern NIMA County, Tibet. It includes the data of major elements in whole rock obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and trace elements obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Nd isotopic data of rocks were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); The Hf isotopic data of zircons were analyzed by laser ablation combined with multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Zircon U-Pb isotope data and trace element data measured by laser ablation combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. These data combined with the spatial and temporal distribution of regional magmatic rocks provide new constraint on the timing of the collision between Lhasa and Qiangtang terrane.
YANG Zong-Yong, WANG Qiang
The data are the radioisotope U-Pb dating data, whole rock major and trace geochemical data and isotopic geochemical data of the payangazu complex. Samples were collected from quartz diorite and granodiorite of payangazu complex in Mandalay, central Myanmar. The U-Pb isotope of zircon was analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The whole rock isotopic geochemical data were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The data obtained can reveal the petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the payangazu complex.
LI Kaixuan
The data are U-Pb dating data, mineral trace geochemical data, whole rock major trace geochemical data and isotopic geochemical data of high Ba SR intrusives. Samples were collected from quartz diorite and diorite of high Ba SR intrusion in North Qinling block. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The whole rock isotopic geochemical data were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data can reveal the petrogenesis of different high Ba SR intrusions and limit the formation time of corresponding tectonic settings.
REN Long
The data include: (1) (a) tectonic map of China（ b) Geological map of Tongling metallogenic area in eastern China (2) The geological map of Fenghuangshan ore field shows the xinwuli granite intrusion and related copper (gold) deposits (3) Section from tieshantou to baoshantou in Fenghuangshan ore field (4) The geological section of baoshandao skarn type copper (gold) deposit shows skarn mineralization in the contact zone between quartz monzodiorite and lower Triassic carbonate rocks. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; Di: Diopside; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; Cal: Calcite (5) The mineral micrographs of skarn, ore and granodiorite in Fenghuangshan skarn deposit（ a) Garnet skarn（ b) And (c) medium coarse pyrite and vein chalcopyrite coexist with quartz, and heterohedral magnetite particles in quartz sulfide stage are filled with quartz or chalcopyrite（ d) Xinwuli granodiorite. Abbreviation: GRT: garnet; CHL: chlorite; Mga: magnetite; Py: pyrite; CCP: chalcopyrite; QZ: quartz; KFS: potash feldspar; HBL: amphibole; Bi: biotite
XIE Jiancheng
The data are the radioisotope geochronology data of ore-forming porphyry, the main trace and isotopic data of whole rock, and the mineral trace and isotopic data. The samples were collected from the metallogenic granite porphyry of yuanzhuding porphyry Cu Mo deposit in qinhang belt. Radioisotope geochronology data were obtained from zircon U-Pb isotope analysis by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and molybdenite Re Os isotope analysis by hot electron inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively, The whole rock SR Nd isotope and zircon Hf isotope were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the mineral trace was obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data, combined with the data of other porphyry deposits in the Qinhang belt, can limit the characteristics of magma source area, thus revealing that in the thick "inland" crust, different degrees of crust mantle material participation can form different metallogenic types.
REN Long
The data include: a brief introduction of the geodynamic evolution model of the formation of Cu Mo polymetallic granodiorite (porphyry) in Chizhou area. The changes of geological structure before and after 150mA in Chizhou area, as well as the changes of influence on metallogenic model, are shown in the figure. At 150 mA, Chizhou area was affected by the inversion of the paleo Pacific plate, forming an arc rift environment without marine sediments. The fluid released from the plate melted the mantle wedge material, produced a high oxygen fugacity environment, formed chlorine rich fluid and mixed mantle crust magma, promoted the extraction and migration of metals, and finally formed the copper molybdenum polymetallic deposit in Chizhou area. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
The data are the radioisotope data of Baoji granite, the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock and the major geochemical data of minerals. The samples are collected from Baoji granite body in Baoji area of Qinling orogenic belt, including biotite syenite, coarse-grained, porphyritic and fine-grained syenite, alkali feldspar granite and magnesian monzodiorite. The radiou-pb geochronology data were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the Hf isotope and whole rock SR Nd isotope of radiozircon were obtained by multi receiver inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major geochemical data of biotite and amphibole are obtained by electron microprobe analysis. The data obtained show that the syn collisional A-type granites were controlled by the Middle Triassic early Jurassic oblique continental collision, which means that the A-type granites can also be formed in the syn collisional environment.
REN Long
The contents include: geological map of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, section map of No.7 exploration line of pailou molybdenum gold polymetallic deposit, geological map of Mashi copper mine, section map of No.4 exploration line of Mashi copper mine, geological map of Matou copper molybdenum deposit. There are 10 gold ore bodies and 7 molybdenum ore belts in pailou deposit. The length and thickness of individual gold ore bodies are tens of meters and 0.28 – 4.00 meters. The gold grade of pailou deposit is 1.19 – 22.0 g / T. The molybdenum ore body is 400-600 m long and 1.50-6.50 m thick, and mainly occurs in granodiorite (porphyry) and hornblende near the contact zone with surrounding rock. The average grade of molybdenum is 0.04 – 0.13 wt%. The ore of pailou deposit is mainly pyrite, molybdenite and disseminated ore. The ore minerals are mainly composed of molybdenite, pyrite, stibnite and a small amount of pyrrhotite. The main gangue minerals are quartz, feldspar, sericite and chlorite. There are dozens of copper ore bodies in Mashi copper deposit, with copper grade of 0.21 – 0.34 wt%. Copper orebodies of 330-600m in length and 20-50m in thickness were found in granodiorite (porphyry) and cryptoexplosive breccia. The main alteration types of Mashi deposit are silicification, sericitization and pyritization. Matou molybdenum copper deposit is a medium porphyry deposit with molybdenum reserves of 60000 T and copper resources of more than 100000 t. The main alteration types of Matou deposit are silicification, sericitization and potassic feldsparization. The ore in Matou deposit is mainly chalcopyrite, molybdenite, quartz vein ore and disseminated ore. The above data have been published in SCI high-level journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
Supported by the national key R & D Program "deep processes and resource effects of Yanshanian major geological events" project "comprehensive geophysical exploration and deep processes of key corridors", we completed two OBS wide-angle seismic profiles in the East China Sea shelf area in 2017 and 2019. Based on the obtained OBS Data, the deep crustal structure of the East China Sea shelf is obtained by using the forward and inversion methods of tomography. The velocity structure reveals that the crustal thickness decreases from 30km in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt to 15km in continental shelf basin, and the corresponding crustal velocity changes from 4.40-7.15km/s to 4.30-6.90km/s. Based on the previous studies, we find that there are high magnetic anomalies in Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt. We think that the crustal structure of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt is quite different from that of continental shelf basin. The East China Sea may not be the extension of South China continental margin; There is a high velocity anomaly with a width of about 50km and a velocity of 7.15km/s at the junction of Zhejiang Fujian orogenic belt and continental shelf basin. We speculate that the anomaly is a Mesozoic suture zone, and the high velocity anomaly is related to the magmatic activity caused by plate tearing when the paleo Pacific plate subducted and retreated.
DING Weiwei, WEI Xiaodong
This data includes three maps: (a) tectonic map of China; (b) geological map of Late Mesozoic Magmatic Rocks and related deposits in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River metallogenic belt; (c) geological map of Chizhou mining area in eastern China. The information in the map includes regional fault distribution, study area location, porphyry stratabound Cu Au Mo deposit, skarn Fe Cu deposit, magnetite apatite deposit, A-type granite belt, Cretaceous volcanic and subvolcanic rocks, late Mesozoic granodiorite and granite. Based on the systematic geochronological and geochemical analysis of the Cu Mo polymetallic deposits in the Ma'anshan fault zone and gaotan fault zone in the East Liuzhou area, the paper makes a deep study on the formation of Cu Mo polymetallic deposits and the genesis of granodiorite (porphyry) in Chizhou area. The above data are published in high-level SCI journals, and the data are true and reliable. The data is stored in JPG format.
XIE Jiancheng
The data are zircon U-Pb geochronology data of volcanic rocks, whole rock major and trace geochemical data and Sr nd HF radiogenic isotope data, major element geochemical data of minerals and zircon Hf isotope data. The samples were collected from the volcanic rocks of the qushenla formation in the Gaize area, South Qiangtang, Tibet. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and secondary ion probe analysis. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The SR nd Hf isotopic data were obtained by ICP-MS with multiple receivers, the major element data of minerals were obtained by EPMA, and the zircon Hf isotopic data were obtained by ICP-MS with laser ablation and multiple receivers. The obtained data can define the age, petrogenesis and dynamic process of regional magmatism.
HAO Lulu
The data of major and trace elements were analysed by ICP-MS at the State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements were analysed by LA-ICP-MS at the Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny of CAS, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The international standard samples and reference values measured in the same batch are consistent within the error range, with low blank in the whole process. The data quality is accurate and reliable. The samples of Guandian pluton show high SiO2 (59.15-62.32%), Al2O3 (14.51-15.38%), Sr (892-1184 ppm), Sr/Y (57.63-86.32) and low Y (12.65-18.05 ppm), similar to typical geochemical features of adakite. The Guandian adakite also exhibits high K2O (2.88-3.86%), MgO (3.89-5.24%) and Mg# (55-60), negative anomalies of high field strength elements (HFSE, e.g., Nb, Ta and Ti) and positive anomalies of Ba, Pb and Sr. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded a weighted average age of 129.2 ± 0.7 Ma. Calculations of zircon Ce4+/Ce3+ (6.79-145) and (Eu/Eu*)N (0.23-0.42) on the basis of in situ zircon trace element analysis indicate that the magma had a lower oxygen fugacity relative to the ore-bearing adakites in the LYRB and Dexing, which is consistent with the fact of ore-barren in the research area. In combination with previous research, we propose that Guandian adakite was formed by partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust triggered by Early Cretaceous ridge subduction of the Pacific and Izanagi plates.
LUO Zebin
The data set is the original repeated GPS observation data along Gyirong - Nyima profile trans active deformation Himalayan orogenic belt in Tibet Plateau. The data are measured twice in 2018 and 2019, including the data of 13 stations, and the data quality is good. Through the observation data of these observation points, combined with the continuous GPS observation profile data that the project research team has deployed along Yadong Gulou in the Himalayan orogenic belt, we can reveal the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of the northward converging strain of the Indian continent in the key parts of the Himalayan orogenic belt, understand the current uplift state of the Himalayan orogenic belt and its correlation with horizontal movement, and combine with the active faults Based on the theory of motion dislocation, the quantitative distribution of strain between earthquakes in the main boundary fault (MBT) and the main central fault (MCT) is studied, as well as the strain accumulation characteristics, fault locking range and fault locking degree between earthquakes, which provide important constraints for evaluating the seismic risk of active faults in the study area. Combined with the 2015 Nepal earthquake rupture model, the southern margin of Tibetan Plateau is studied from the perspective of motion to dynamics Lithospheric rheological characteristics.
HE Jiankun
The data of this paper include: (1) impact factor data: 90m resolution DEM data, China 1 ∶ 250000 grade 1, grade 3, grade 4 and grade 5 River classification data set, which are from the international scientific data mirror website of computer network information center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.gscloud.cn ); The spatial distribution data of 1 ∶ 1000000 vegetation types in China (1971-2000), 1 ∶ 500000 geological map of Qinghai Province, 1 ∶ 4000000 geomorphologic map of China and road map of Qinghai Province were obtained from the resource and environmental science data center of Chinese Academy of Sciences（ http://www.resdc.cn ); The annual average rainfall data (1971-2000) is from China Meteorological science data sharing service network（ http://www.data.ac.cn ); The fault data are Holocene active faults, which are derived from the research results of Dong Zhiping (1992)（(2) Geological disaster data: the historical geological disaster data (1 ∶ 100000) is from the geological environment monitoring station of Qinghai Province; The provincial data of major geological hazards are from the Department of natural resources of Qinghai Province（ http://zrzyt.qinghai.gov.cn )。(3) Basic data: the population data comes from the results of the sixth census of the National Bureau of statistics in 2010; The 1:250000 County digital administrative division map of Qinghai Province is from the national basic geographic information center（ http://www.ngcc.cn )。 In this paper, the information model and entropy method are used to calculate the landslides, landslides, debris flows and comprehensive susceptibility index of Hehuang Valley, so as to regionalize the study area. The information model is used to determine the susceptibility index of landslides and landslides. In the evaluation of geological hazard susceptibility, the information model takes the disaster point as the evaluation object, and the influence factor of geological hazard is the evaluation index of the model. The closeness between the model and the research object is evaluated by calculating the contribution degree of each factor. The higher the information is, the higher the susceptibility coefficient is.
HOU Guangliang
The data are the radioisotope dating data of magmatic and metamorphic rocks, the major and trace geochemical data of whole rock and the major geochemical data of minerals. Samples were collected from diorite and garnet biotite schist in Gangdese belt, Nimu area, southern Tibet. The U-Pb isotopic data of zircon and monazite were obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The major and trace geochemical data of the whole rock are obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The main geochemical data of minerals are obtained by EPMA. The age of regional magmatism and metamorphism can be determined by the obtained data.
MA Xuxuan
Debris flow in Nanfeng area is a natural disaster phenomenon caused by the combination of many natural factors. It is affected by the terrain, geology and climate. Therefore, the formation and development of debris flow fully reflect the organic combination of various natural factors. The modern geomorphic process in Nanfeng area is very active, and the glaciation, canyon flow and slope physical and geological processes are very strong. The data analysis shows that due to the sharp rise of the ground and the strong invasion of the Yarlung Zangbo River water system, most of the gullies are V-shaped, short and steep, and the vertical gradient of the gully bed is large, about 500 ‰ in the upper reaches and about 400 ‰ on average, and 250-300 ‰ in the middle and lower reaches. This kind of steep valley terrain is easy to form debris flow under the action of turbulent current. Under the action of gravity, landslides and collapses occur continuously in the valley. According to the investigation, most of the terrain slopes favorable for the formation of debris flow in Nanfeng area are above 30 degrees, and the upper valley slope in this area can generally reach 40-50 degrees, and the maximum can reach 60-70 degrees. The middle and lower valley slopes are also between 35-40 degrees, which are favorable for the development of debris flow.
PENG Buzhuo, YANG Yichou
Data source: tabular data in comprehensive investigation series of Kekexili area. This paper summarizes the strata of xijinwulan belt, Kekexili area and Tanggula area in the northern slope of Tanggula Mountain. Based on the previous regional geological survey results and the paper "Introduction to the geology of Kekexili and its adjacent areas in Qinghai", this paper is based on the paleontological, stratigraphic and structural characteristics. From south to north, qingkekexili area can be divided into four different stratigraphic and structural divisions: xijinwulan belt in Tanggula area, Kekexili area and East Kunlun area. Tanggula area and xijinwulan zone, East Kunlun area and Kekexili area are separated by the northern margin of Tanggula Mountain and the southern margin of East Kunlun Mountain respectively, while the boundary between xijinwulan zone and Kekexili area is roughly on the north side of xijinwulan and the north slope of Fenghuoshan.
SHA Jingeng
The dataset includs borehole core lithology, altitude survey, soil thickness and slop measurement, hydrogeological survey, and hydrogeophysical survey in the Maqu catchment of the Yellow River source region in the Tibetan Plateau. The borehole lithology data is from the 2017 drilled borehole ITC_ Maqu_ 1; altitude survey was carried out using RTK in 2019; Soil thickness and slope data were collected by auger and inclinometer in 2018 and 2019; hydrogeological survey includes groundwater table depth measurements in 2018 and 2019, and aquifer test data obtained in 2019; hydrogeological survey includes Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) , Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) , Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. MRS and ERT surveys were conducted in 2018. TEM and magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in 2019.
LI Mengna, ZENG Yijian, Maciek W. LUBCZYNSKI, BOB Su, QIAN Hui
Lithofacies analysis is an important research method to explore the source region, background, and nature of sedimentary basins. Through the systematic investigation of several late Cretaceous strata in Nepal, situated on the south flank of the Himalayas, the Tulsipur and Butwal sections conducted detailed lithology and sedimentary facies analysis. Continuous strata include the Taltang Fm. , Amile Fm. , Bhainskati Fm. and Dumri Fm. from bottom to top. The lithology contains terrigenous clastic rocks such as conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, chemical rocks such as limestone and siliceous rock, as well as special lithology such as coal seam, carbonaceous layer and oxidation crust. Both sections have various colors and sedimentary structures, which are good materials for the analysis of lithofacies evolution. According to the characteristics of lithofacies and sedimentary assemblage revealed that the Nepal sedimentary environment evolution during the late Cretaceous, which experienced the marine, fluvial, lacustrine, and delta evolution process.
MENG Qingquan MENG Qingquan
Guided by the theory of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and petroleum geology in recent years, including strata, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil and gas (potash) geology and other basic materials, especially paleomagnetism, Paleogene Based on the data of detrital zircon and geochemistry, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate paleogeographic pattern of Cretaceous were restored and reconstructed, and two lithofacies paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary and two climate paleogeographic maps of early and late Cretaceous of Pan tertiary were obtained, aiming at discussing the influence of paleogeography, paleostructure and paleoclimate In order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for China's overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration deployment.
LI Yalin
This data set includes apatite and zircon (U-Th) / He ages, apatite fission-track (AFT) ages of the Yalong River thrust belt, which will be continuously updated in the future. The first part is the apatite and zircon He and apatite fission-track data from the Yunongxi fault, a branch fault in the hinterland of the Yalong River thrust belt. The second part of the data is from the Jinping Shan-Muli fault, a branch of the Yalong River thrust belt, including apatite and zircon He ages data. The data results are concentrated, which well constrain the evolution of the Yalong River thrust belt and provide a high-quality chronological basis for exploring its role in the process of plateau expansion.
ZHANG Huiping
The river steepness index, concavity index, drainage area, hypsometric integral, erosion coefficient, erosion rate, precipitation and other Geomorphological data of Qilian Shan basins are extracted and collected. Where the river steepness index and concavity index were extracted based on the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) 3 arc-seconds DEM data, the catchment erosion rate are from Palumbo et al. (2010) and Palumbo et al. (2011), and the precipitation data is from Geng et al. (2017). In order to increase the credibility of the data, the range of the river steepness index of each basin is given when the confidence is 95%. The data laid a foundation for the analysis of the relationship between the geomorphic characteristics and the tectonic framework of Qilian Shan.
HU Xiaofei, ZHANG Yanan
Paleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in IranPaleomagnetic Dataset of Zagros forelandbasin in Iran
SUN Jimin
These datasets fill the data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, they contain CSR RL06 Mascon and JPL RL06 Mascon. They take China as the study area, and the dataset includes "Decimal_time”, "lat”, "lon”, "time”, "time_bounds”, "TWSA_REC" and "Uncertainty" 7 parameters in total. Among them, "Decimal_time” corresponds to decimal time. There are 191 months from April 2002 to December 2019 (163 months for GRACE data, 17 months for GRACE-FO data, and 11 months for the gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO. We have not filled the missing data of individual months between GRACE or GRACE-FO data). "lat" corresponds to the latitude range of the data; "lon" corresponds to the longitude range of the data; "time" corresponds to the cumulative day of the data from January 1, 2002. And "time_bounds" corresponding to the cumulative day at the start date and end date of each month. “TWSA_REC" represents the monthly terrestrial water storage anomalies from April 2002 to December 2019 in China; "Uncertainty" is the uncertainty between the data and CSR RL06 Mascon products. We use GRACE satellite data from CSR GRACE/GRACE-FO RL06 Mascon solutions (version 02), China Gauge-based Daily Precipitation Analysis (CGDPA, version 1.0) data, and CN05.1 temperature dataset. The precipitation reconstruction model was established, and the seasonal and trend terms of CSR RL06 Mascon products were considered to obtain the dataset of terrestrial water storage anomalies in China. The data quality is good as a whole, and the uncertainty of most regions in China is within 5cm. This dataset complements the nearly one-year data gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO satellites, and provides a full time series for long-term land water storage change analysis in China. As the CSR RL06 Mascon product, the average value between 2004.0000 and 2009.999 is deducted from this dataset. Therefore, the 164-174 months (i.e., July 2017 to May 2018) of this dataset can be directly extracted as the estimation of terrestrial water storage anomalies during the gap period. The reconstruction method for the gap of JPL RL06 Mascon is consistent with that of CSR RL06 Mascon.
ZHONG Yulong, FENG Wei, ZHONG Min, MING Zutao
The data set of hydrogeological elements in the typical frozen soil area of Qilian Mountain mainly includes groundwater type, water richness (single water inflow or single spring flow), main rivers and tributaries, spring water (falling springs, spring groups, large springs, Mineral spring distribution), borehole (pressure water borehole, submerged borehole, gravity flow borehole distribution), fault zone (compressive fracture, tensile fracture), angle unconformity boundary, parallel unconformity boundary, west branch of upper Heihe River The boundary of the watershed, the seasonal frozen soil area and the permafrost distinguish the boundary, the distribution of modern glaciers and swamps. This data set of hydrogeological elements can provide background information for the hydrological ecological process and hydrogeological environment in cold regions. This data comes from the vectorization of four 1: 200,000 hydrogeological maps (Qilian, Yenigou, Qilian, and Sunan) and reintegrates the groundwater types. With higher resolution, the data can provide background information for the research on the evolution of water and soil resources and environmental changes in the source area of the Pan-Third Pole River.
SUN Ziyong
This data set is from the paper: Ding, L., Spicer, R.A., Yang, J., Xu, Q., Cai, F.L., Li, S., Lai, q.z., Wang, H.Q., Spicer, t.e.v., Yue, Y.H., Shukla, A., Srivastava, g., Khan, M.A., BERA, S., and Mehrotra, R. 2017. Quantifying the rise of the Himalaya origin and implications for the South Asian monsoon. Geography, 45:215-218. This achievement is part of a series of research results of paleoaltitude carried out by Ding Lin' team. We reconstruct the rise of a segment of the southern flank of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen, to the south of the Lhasa terrane, using a paleoaltimeter based on paleoenthalpy encoded in fossil leaves from two new assemblages in southern Tibet (Liuqu and Qiabulin) and four previously known floras from the Himalaya foreland basin. U-Pb dating of zircons constrains the Liuqu flora to the latest Paleocene (ca. 56 Ma) and the Qiabulin flora to the earliest Miocene (21–19 Ma). The proto-Himalaya grew slowly against a high (~4 km) proto–Tibetan Plateau from ~1 km in the late Paleocene to ~2.3 km at the beginning of the Miocene, and achieved at least ~5.5 km by ca. 15 Ma. Contrasting precipitation patterns between the Himalaya-Tibet edifice and the Himalaya foreland basin for the past ~56 m.y. show progressive drying across southern Tibet, seemingly linked to the uplift of the Himalaya orogen.
DING Lin
The dataset is the teleseismic waveform data from the Gyirong – Peiku Tso short-period dense seismic array profile. The data can be used to receiver function methods to probe the structure of the crust and upper mantle. The Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile crosses the north-south Gyirong Rift, and the data are derived from 134 short-period seismic stations set up by the subject group along the east-west Gyirong – Peiku Tso profile, with strict site selection and good data quality. This profile provides an important scientific basis for revealing the velocity discontinuity morphology below the Chilung Rift Valley, i.e., the interfacial extension of the Indian continent swooping northward in the crust below the Himalayan zonation, and for further understanding the lateral changes of the MHT interface and the dynamics of the east-west extension of the Tibetan Plateau.
XU Qiang
We compiled the Seismotectonic Map of Western Asia using the ArcGIS platform through data collecting and digitization. The seismotectonic map of Western Asia covers Iran and its surrounding countries and regions. Based on the “Major active faults of Iran” map, the seismotectonic map is replenished with massive published data and depicts the location and nature of the seisogenic faults or active faults and the epicenter of earthquakes with M ≥ 5 from 1960 to 2019. The map can not only be used in the research of active faults and seismic risks in Western Asia, but also will be applied to the seismic safety evaluation for infrastructure construction.
LIU Zhicheng
The Pan-Third Polar region has strong seismic activity, which is driven by the subduction and collision of the Indian plate, the Arab plate and the Eurasian plate. 18806 earthquakes with Magnitude 5 or larger have occurred in Pan-Third Polar region (north latitude 0-56 degrees and east longitude 43-139 degrees) since 1960. Among them, 4 earthquakes with Magnitude 8 or larger, 187 earthquakes with Magnitude 7.0-7.9， 1625 earthquakes with Magnitude 6.0-6.9 and 16990 earthquakes with Magnitude 5.0-5.9 have occurred. Earthquakes occurred mainly in the foothills of the India-Myanmar Mountains, the Himalaya Mountains, the Sulaiman Mountains, where the India Plate collided with the Eurasian plate, and the Zagros Mountains where the Arab plate collided with the Eurasian plate.
WANG Ji
Guided by the theories of plate tectonics, paleogeography, petroliferous basin analysis and sedimentary basin dynamics, we have collected a large number of data and achievements of geological research and oil-gas geological research in Pan third pole in recent years, including basic materials such as stratum, sedimentation, paleontology, paleogeography, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate, structure, oil-gas (potash) geology, especially paleomagnetism and paleogenesis On the basis of zircon and geochemical data, combined with the results of typical measured stratigraphic sections, the lithofacies and climate palaeogeographic pattern of Jurassic period are restored and reconstructed, and the paleogeographic map of lithofacies and climate of Pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) and pan third extremely early, middle and late Jurassic (3 sheets) are obtained, aiming to discuss paleogeography and paleostructure The control and influence of paleoclimate on oil and gas (including potash) resources, in order to reveal the geological conditions and resource distribution rules of oil and gas formation, and provide scientific basis and technical support for overseas and domestic oil and gas exploration and deployment in China.
LI Yalin
We use waveform cross-correlation to analyze the recordings of eight earthquakes (2009-2018) beneath the Indian Ocean at stations from the Chinese Digital Seismic Network. We obtain 929 high quality residual traveltime differences between the phases ScS and S (Differential traveltimes.dat). We interpret variations of δt up to 10 seconds as due to horizontal shear-velocity variations in D” beneath northern India, Nepal, and southwestern China. The shear velocity can vary by as much as 7% over distances shorter than 300 km. Our observations provide additional observational evidence that compositional heterogeneity and possibly melt contribute to the seismic structure of the lower mantle characterized by long-term subduction and mantle downwelling.
LI Guohui, BAI Ling
Paleomagnetism has played an important role in quantifying the Mesozoic evolution of “Proto-Tibet”. We present here our recent paleomagnetic data from five Middle-Upper Jurassic sedimentary sequences of the eastern North Qiangtang Terrane at Yanshiping. The new paleomagnetic results from 99 sites, 1,702 samples and reveal paleopoles at 79.1°N/306.9°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.3°) for Quemo Co Fm, 68.9°N/313.8°E (dp=2.1°, dm=3.7°) for Buqu Fm, 66.1°N/332.1°E (dp=2.7°, dm=4.6°) for Xiali Fm, 72.4°N/318.6°E (dp=3.9°, dm=6.7°) for Suowa Fm, and 76.9°N/301.1°E (dp=7.9°, dm=13.2°) for Xueshan Fm, respectively. These results indicate that Yanshiping experienced latitudinal changes from ~24.5° N to ~22.0º N over the time interval 171.2 - <157.5 Ma, accompanied by clockwise (CW) rotations of ~19.8±9.4º between ~171.2 and 161.7 Ma and counterclockwise (CCW) rotations of ~15.4±13.4º between ~161.7 and <157.2 Ma. We attribute the change in rotation sense at approximately ~161.7 Ma to the initial collision of the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes. Using this and other paleomagnetic data from the Lhasa, Qiangtang and Tarim terranes, as well as other geological evidence, such as tectonism-related sedimentary sequences, volcanism, and HP metamorphism, we propose a new conceptual evolution model for the Mesozoic QT and Tethyan Oceans, including 3 intra-continental collisions (South-North Qiangtang, Qiangtang-Songpan-Ganzi and Lhasa-Qiangtang) and post collisional extensions.
YAN Maodu
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by Geological Publishing House. Based on 177 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey data, the regional strata and structure stratigraphic system are systematically determined, including 9 strata and structure stratigraphic areas, 36 strata and structure stratigraphic areas and 63 strata and structure stratigraphic areas. The lithostratigraphic division and correlation sequence of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas are established. A large number of geological records of geological evolution and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau are presented, which focus on the new discovery, new progress and new understanding of geological investigation and research. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. It is published by the Geological Publishing House. The geotectonic environment of the geological body is analyzed according to the geotectonic facies division plan (3 major facies, 18 basic facies and 36 subfacies), with the 36 geotectonic subfacies as the basic mapping unit, the geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas is compiled. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map “1:1.5 million geotectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas” with a high-resolution scanner, and splicing the sub maps. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "Integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 Regional Geological Survey in the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, through integration and comprehensive research, a series of maps of "1:3 million Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by China University of Geosciences Press, it comprehensively expresses basic geological information such as quaternary stratigraphic development, neotectonic activity, magmatic activity and geomorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, and objectively reflects the coupling and coordination process of stratum, structure, magmatic activity and geomorphic evolution since the uplift of the plateau in the late Cenozoic. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map " Quaternary geological and geomorphological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas " with a high-resolution scanner. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by the researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau. It is of great scientific significance to reveal the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau and the geomorphic, neotectonic movement, stratigraphic, magmatic activity and environmental evolution since the uplift.
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), China University of Geosciences
Since 2006, China Geological Survey Bureau has organized and implemented the work of "integration and comprehensive research on the basic geological survey results of the Tibetan Plateau". Based on the 1:250,000 regional geological survey on the blank area of the Tibetan Plateau and the latest research results at home and abroad, with the integration and comprehensive research, one of a series of maps, "1:1.5 million metamorphic geological map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" have been compiled. The map is published by the Geological Publishing House. Based on the time-space framework of the regional structure and metamorphic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau, the metamorphic environment is analyzed according to the metamorphic (Geological) area, metamorphic (Geological) belt, metamorphic sub belt and very low-low-high greenschist facies, low-high amphibolite facies, blue schist facies, high-ultrahigh pressure eclogite facies and malite facies, the metamorphic map of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas has been compiled, and 16 high pressure-ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belts have been determined. The projection of the map is Conformal Conic Projection, the first standard latitude is 28 °, the second standard latitude is 37 °, the central longitude is 89 °, and the projection origin latitude is 26 ° north latitude. This data is obtained by scanning the paper map "Metamorphic geological map of Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas" with high-resolution scanner, and the sub maps have been spliced. In the process of scanning, keep the map surface as flat as possible to reduce the error. The copyright of the map belongs to the publishing house. This data can be used by researchers who are engaged in the geological and geomorphological research of the Tibetan Plateau, it can be used for the research of regional resources exploration, geological science research, construction of major engineering facilities, environmental protection and disaster prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.
Geological Publishing House GPH
The landform information integration in western China was completed by a team led by Dr. Xie chuanjie, from the institute of geography, resources and environment, Chinese academy of sciences.It includes 1:400,000 national geomorphologic database and 1:100,000 western geomorphologic database. 1:400,000 geomorphologic data are "China geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by LI Bingyuan and "China and its adjacent areas geomorphologic map (1:400,000)" edited by CHEN Zhiming. Scan and register the data, vectorize all the registered maps by using ArcMap software, and establish their own classification and code system. According to map spots (common staining) and symbols, geomorphic types are divided into basic geomorphic types and morphological structure types (points, lines and planes). 1:1000000 western geomorphic data is integrated and updated by digital geomorphology based on multi-source data such as remote sensing image and adopts hierarchical interpretation method.Plains and mountains;Primary geomorphic types (25 types),10 genetic types: secondary genetic types: subdivision of morphological differences. The type of geomorphic material whose composition or lithology is determined. Conducted among 16 landscape points of interpretation work, their Numbers are: 45 (Kathmandu), G - G - 46 (the) wrong, H - 44 (pli), 45 (xigaze), H - H - 46 (Lhasa), H - 47 (qamdo), 43 (Islamabad), I - I - 44 (lion spring river), 45 (change), I - I - (amdo) 46, 47 (yushu), J - I - 43 (kashi) (wada), J, J - 44-45 (JuMo), 46 (golmud), J J - - 47 (xining)
ZHOU Chenghu, CHENG Weiming
This data set comprises pictures of geological sections and landscape of Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin in the north of Tibetan Plateau which produced on achievement of geological survey in these years. The process of section pictures drawing comprises: measurement of different stratas by hand; identify and description of stratas by experienced geological researcher; picture production with software, based on information collected above. Landscape pictures were drew from satellite maps as base map, then added texts with software. All the pictures are clear, detailed and comprehensive. They are very critical for research on geology, geomorphology of the important localities in the north of Tibetan Plateau, such as Nima Basin and Lunpola Basin, and necessary for paleo-altimetry and uplift of Tibetan Plateau.
High-frequency continuous GPS observation can effectively monitor the kinematics of crustal deformation. The Qilian Mountains region is an important constraint boundary of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The study of this region can provide important implications for the dynamic process of the growth and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the internal deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. At the local level, it can be discussed whether there is creepage in the Haiyuan fault and the movement mode of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The data comes from 26 fixed stations set up by the research group in the Qilian Mountain area. The site selection requirements are strict, and the high-frequency continuous GPS receiver is Provided by trimble, the data quality is good, the data can be applied not only to geodynamic research, but also to related earth science research such as meteorological precipitation.
HE Jiankun
The data set is the distribution of the average roughness in Central Asia including three temperate deserts, the Karakum, Kyzylkum and Muyunkun Deserts, and one of the world's largest arid zones. This is the MODIS-NDVI data set calculated by using the median particle diameter and the vegetation coverage. The space and time resolutions are 500 m and 16 days, respectively. The time is from 01, January, 2017 to 18, December, 2017. The data set uses the the Geodetic coordinate system. It can be used for the investigation of the Desert oil and gas field, and oasis cities.
GAO Xin
Under the background of global warming, over the past few decades the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes shows obvious extension. At present on the qinghai-tibet plateau lakes area increase sharply , such as water level changes reported by a number of studies, especially in Tibet's largest lakes such as Siling Co, Nam Co, and so on. We take the Nam Co lake as an example, discussed recent decades the non-structural loading force caused by the Nam Co water level rising result in the surrounding lithosphere deformation and the stress variation on the Yadong-Gulu fault zone (normal fault) and analysis of the seismic hazard. In this fragile ecological environment area, the relationship between the land surface processes and the lithosphere can give us some clues, the result of the data including the surface displacement field changes and the stress on the fault.
LIN Xiaoguang
The Southern Tibet Rift System (STRS) is one of the most prominent tectonic and geomorphological features in the southern Tibetan Plateau. The Jilong-Oma and Dati basins are located in the northern Himalaya Mountains. The late Cenozoic sedimentary sequences deposited in these two rift basins have archived abundant information about formation and evolution of the STRS and the uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau. The detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic investigations were conducted on the late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma basins. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Jilong-Oma Basin is over 610 m in thickness, including the lower conglomerate member of the fan delta facies (Danzengzhukang Fm., 400-600 m), the middle mudstone interbedded with sandstone member of fluvio-lacustrine facies (Oma Fm., 200-400 m) and the upper conglomerate intercalated with mudstone member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 200-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the bottom of the Oma Fm. The late Cenozoic sediments in the Dati Basin have a thickness of ~300 m, iucluding the lower mudstone, sandstone and sandy conglomerate member of fluvio-lacustrine faceis (Dati Fm., 80-305 m), and the upper conglomerate member of alluvial fan facies (Gongba Fm., 80-0 m). The Hipparion fossils were previously found at the upper part of the Dati Fm. By comparing with the Zhada Basin in the west part of the Himalaya orogen, it shows that these rift basins experienced the similar sedimentary evolution history and have the comparable Hipparion fossils. Establishing the precise chronology of these sediments and carrying out comprehensive comparison analyses between the rift basins play important roles in understanding the formation and evolution of the STRS, the uplift and deformation processes of the southern Tibetan Plateau and the climate change in the surrounding areas.
ZHANG Weilin
Since the formation of Heihe River, sporopollen data samples have been collected from the drilling strata of Da'ao well in the middle reaches of Heihe River. Drilling location: 39.491 n, 99.605 E. The drilling depth is 140 meters. 128 samples of sporopollen are collected from top to bottom. At present, there are 19 data of sporopollen results, which are distributed in each sedimentary facies from top to bottom. The sporopollen samples were removed from carbonate, organic matter, silicate and other impurities in the laboratory, and the species and data of sporopollen were identified under the microscope. Sporopollen results mainly include the percentage content and number of trees, shrubs, herbs, aquatic, ferns and other families and genera.
HU Xiaofei, PAN Baotian
Sketch map of 1:50000 geological map of hulugou small watershed in 2012, hulugou watershed is composed of Quaternary loose stratum and pre Cenozoic bedrock stratum. The pores of the bedrock stratum are mainly fissures and covered with thin residual slope deposits. The Pleistocene alluvial proluvial sand gravel layer (q3al + PL) above the piedmont plain is dominant. The loose formation in the front of the glacier is Holocene moraine gravel layer (q4gl), which is distributed under the modern cirque and forms lateral moraine and final moraine dike (ridge).
SUN Ziyong, CHANG Qixin
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