The data include soil organic matter data of Tibetan Plateau , with a spatial resolution of 1km*1km and a time coverage of 1979-1985.The data source is the soil carbon content generated from the second soil census data.Soil organic matter mainly comes from plants, animals and microbial residues, among which higher plants are the main sources.The organisms that first appeared in the parent material of primitive soils were microorganisms.With the evolution of organisms and the development of soil forming process, animal and plant residues and their secretions become the basic sources of soil organic matter.The data is of great significance for analyzing the ecological environment of Tibetan Plateau
FANG Huajun
This dataset contains daily 0.01°×0.01° land surface soil moisture products in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 2005, 2010, 2015, 2017, and 2018. The dataset was produced by utilizing the multivariate statistical regression model to downscale the “SMAP Time-Expanded 0.25°×0.25° Land Surface Soil Moisture Dataset in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (SMsmapTE, V1)”. The auxiliary datasets participating in the multivariate statistical regression include GLASS Albedo/LAI/FVC, 1km all-weather surface temperature data in western China by Ji Zhou, and Lat/Lon information.
CHAI Linna, ZHU Zhongli, LIU Shaomin
Mountain glaciers are important freshwater resources in Western China and its surrounding areas. It is at the drainage basin scale that mountain glaciers provide meltwater that humans exploit and utilize. Therefore, the determination of glacierized river basins is the basis for the research on glacier meltwater provisioning functions and their services. Based on the Randolph glacier inventory 6.0, Chinese Glacier Inventories, China's river basin classifications (collected from the Data Centre for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences), and global-scale HydroBASINS (www.hydrosheds.org), the following dataset was generated by the intersection between river basins and glacier inventory: (1) Chinese glacierized macroscale and microscale river basins; (2) International glacierized macroscale river basin fed by China’s glaciers; (3) Glacierized macroscale river basin data across High Mountain Asia. This data takes the common river basin boundaries in China and the globe into account, which is poised to provide basic data for the study of historical and future glacier water resources in China and its surrounding areas.
SU Bo
The meteorological elements distribution map of the plateau, which is based on the data from the Tibetan Plateau National Weather Station, was generated by PRISM model interpolation. It includes temperature and precipitation. Monthly average temperature distribution map of the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 1990 (30-year average values): t1960-90_1.e00，t1960-90_2.e00，t1960-90_3.e00，t1960-90_4.e00，t1960-90_5.e00， t1960-90_6.e00，t1960-90_7.e00，t1960-90_8.e00，t1960-90_9.e00，t1960-90_10.e00， t1960-90_11.e00，t1960-90_12.e00 Monthly average temperature distribution map of the Tibetan Plateau from 1991 to 2020 (30-year average values): t1991-20_1.e00，t1991-20_2.e00，t1991-20_3.e00，t1991-20_4.e00，t1991-20_5.e00， t1991-20_6.e00，t1991-20_7.e00，t1991-20_8.e00，t1991-20_9.e00，t1991-20_10.e00， t1991-20_11.e00，t1991-20_12.e00， Precipitation distribution map of the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 1990 (30-year average values): p1960-90_1.e00，p1960-90_2.e00，p1960-90_3.e00，p1960-90_4.e00，p1960-90_5.e00， p1960-90_6.e00，p1960-90_7.e00，p1960-90_8.e00，p1960-90_9.e00，p1960-90_10.e00， p1960-90_11.e00，p1960-90_12.e00 Precipitation distribution map of the Tibetan Plateau from 1991 to 2020 (30-year average values): p1991-20_1.e00，p1991-20_2.e00，p1991-20_3.e00，p1991-20_4.e00，p1991-20_5.e00， p1991-20_6.e00，p1991-20_7.e00，p1991-20_8.e00，p1991-20_9.e00，p1991-20_10.e00， p1991-20_11.e00，p1991-20_12.e00， The temporal coverage of the data is from 1961 to 1990 and from 1991 to 2020. The spatial coverage of the data is 73°~104.95° east longitude, 26.5°~44.95° north latitude, and the spatial resolution is 0.05 degrees×0.05 degrees (longitude×latitude), and it uses the geodetic coordinate projection. Name interpretation: Monthly average temperature: The average value of daily average temperature in a month. Monthly precipitation: The total precipitation in a month. Dimensions: The file format of the data is E00, and the DN value is the average value of monthly average temperature (×0.01°C) and the average monthly precipitation (×0.01 mm) from January to December. Data type: integer Data accuracy: 0.05 degrees × 0.05 degrees (longitude × latitude). The original sources of these data are two data sets of 1) monthly mean temperature and monthly precipitation observation data from 128 stations on the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding areas from the establishing times of the stations to 2000 and 2) HadRM3 regional climate scenario simulation data of 50×50 km grids on the Tibetan Plateau, that is, the monthly average temperature and monthly precipitation simulation values from 1991 to 2020. From 1961 to 1990, the PRISM (Parameter elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) interpolation method was used to generate grid data, and the interpolation model was adjusted and verified based on the site data. From 1991 to 2020, the regional climate scenario simulation data were downscaled to generate grid data by the terrain trend surface interpolation method. Part of the source data came from the results of the GCM model simulation; the GCM model used the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM2-SUL. a) Mitchell JFB, Johns TC, Gregory JM, Tett SFB (1995) Climate response to increasing levels of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. Nature, 376, 501-504. b) Johns TC, Carnell RE, Crossley JF et al. (1997) The second Hadley Centre coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM: model description, spinup and validation. Climate Dynamics, 13, 103-134. The spatial interpolation of meteorological data adopted the PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) method: Daly, C., R.P. Neilson, and D.L. Phillips, 1994: A statistical-topographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 140~158. Due to the difficult observational conditions in the plateau area and the lack of basic research data, there were deletions of meteorological data in some areas. After adjustment and verification, the accuracy of the data was only good enough to be used as a reference for macroscale climate research. The average relative error rate of the monthly average temperature distribution of the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 1990 was 8.9%, and that from 1991 to 2020 was 9.7%. The average relative error rate of precipitation data on the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 1990 was 20.9%, and that from 1991 to 2020 was 22.7%. The area of missing data was interpolated, and the values of obvious errors were corrected.
ZHOU Caiping
The Tibetan Plateau in China covers six provinces including Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Gansu and Sichuan, including Tibet and Qinghai, as well as parts of Xinjiang, Yunnan, Gansu and Sichuan. The research on water and soil resources matching aims to reveal the equilibrium and abundance of water resources and land resources in a certain regional scale. The higher the level of consistency between regional water resources and the allocation of cultivated land resources, the higher the matching degree, and the superior the basic conditions of agricultural production. The general agricultural water resource measurement method based on the unit area of cultivated land is used to reflect the quantitative relationship between the water supply of agricultural production in the study area and the spatial suitability of cultivated land resources. The Excel file of the data set contains the generalized agricultural soil and water resource matching coefficient data of the Tibetan Plateau municipal administrative region in China from 2008 to 2015, the vector data is the boundary data of the Tibetan Plateau municipal administrative region in China in 2004, and the raster data pixel value is the generalized agricultural soil and water resource matching coefficient of the year in the region.
DONG Qianjin, DONG Lingxiao
The basic data set of remote sensing for ecological assets assessment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau includes the annual Fraction Vegetation Coverage (FVC), Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and Leaf Area Index (LAI) of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 2000, and other ecological parameters based on remote sensing inversion. The FVC data are mainly developed from MODIS NDVI data. Based on pixel dichotomy model, the vegetation coverage model is developed by using multi-scale remote sensing images, combining with high precision remote sensing parameters such as vegetation community type and distribution characteristics, and the mixed pixel decomposition method is used to construct the vegetation coverage model. All data could be used only after the permission of the data distributor.
LIU Wenjun
This data set contains sequence data of the number variation of livestock in the major cities and counties of the Tibetan Plateau from 1970 to 2006. It is used to study the social and economic changes of the Tibetan Plateau. The table has ten fields. Field 1: Year Interpretation: Year of the data Field 2: Province Interpretation: The province from which the data were obtained Field 3: City/Prefecture Interpretation: The city or prefecture from which the data were obtained Field 4: County Interpretation: The name of the county Field 5: Large livestock (10,000) Interpretation: The number of large livestock such as cattle, horses, mules, donkeys, and camels. Field 6: Cattle herd (10,000) Interpretation: Number of cattle Field 7: Equine animals(10,000) Interpretation: The number of equine animals such as horses, mules and donkeys. Field 8: Horses (10,000) Interpretation: The number of horses Field 9: Sheep (10,000) Interpretation: The number of sheep Field 10: Data Sources Interpretation: Source of Data The data come from the statistical yearbook and county annals. Some are listed as follows. [1] Gansu Yearbook Editorial Committee. Gansu Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1984, 1988-2009 [2] Statistical Bureau of Yunnan Province. Yunnan Statistical Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1988-2009 [3] Statistical Bureau of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Survey Team. Sichuan Statistical Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1987-1991, 1996-2009 [4] Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region . Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1989-1996, 1998-2009 [5] Statistical Bureau of Tibetan Autonomous Region. Tibet Statistical Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1986-2009 [6] Statistical Bureau of Qinghai Province. Qinghai Statistical Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1986-1994, 1996-2008. [7] County Annals Editorial Committee of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County. County Annals of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County [J]. Qinghai: Qinghai People's Publishing House, 1993 [8] Haiyan County Annals Editorial Committee. Haiyan County Annals[J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1994 [9] Menyuan County Annals Editorial Committee. Menyuan County Annals[J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 1993 [10] Guinan County Annals Editorial Committee. Guinan County Annals [J]. Shanxi: Shanxi People's Publishing House, 1996 [11] Guide County Annals Editorial Committee. Guide County Annals[J]. Shanxi: Shanxi People's Publishing House, 1995 [12] Jianzha County Annals Editorial Committee. Jianzha County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 2003 [13] Dari County Annals Editorial Committee. Dari County Annals [J]. Shanxi: Shanxi People's Publishing House, 1993 [14] Golmud City Annals Editorial Committee. Golmud City Annals [J]. Beijing: Fangzhi Publishing House, 2005 [15] Delingha City Annals Editorial Committee. Delingha City Annals [J]. Beijing: Fangzhi Publishing House, 2004 [16] Tianjun County Annals Editorial Committee. Tianjun County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1995 [17] Naidong County Annals Editorial Committee. Naidong County Annals [J]. Beijing: China Tibetology Press, 2006 [18] Gulang County Annals Editorial Committee. Gulang County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 1996 [19] County Annals Editorial Committee of Akesai Kazak Autonomous County. County Annals of Akesai Kazakh Autonomous County [J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 1993 [20] Minxian County Annals Editorial Committee. Minxian County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 1995 [21] Dangchang County Annals Editorial Committee. Dangchang County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1995 [22] Dangchang County Annals Editorial Committee. Dangchang County Annals(Sequel) (1985-2005) [J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 2006 [23] Wenxian County Annals Editorial Committee. Wenxian County Annals[J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1997 [24] Kangle County Annals Editorial Committee. Kangle County Annals [J]. Shanghai: Sanlian Bookstore. 1995 [25] County Annals Editorial Committee of Jishishan (Baoan, Dongxiang, Sala) Autonomous County. County Annals of Jishishan (Baoan, Dongxiang, Sala) Autonomous County[J], Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1998 [26] Luqu County Annals Editorial Committee. Luqu County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu People's Publishing House, 2006 [27] Zhouqu County Annals Editorial Committee. Zhouqu County Annals [J]. Shanghai: Sanlian Bookstore. 1996 [28] Xiahe County Annals Editorial Committee. Xiahe County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu Cultural Publishing House, 1999 [29] Zhuoni County Annals Editorial Committee. Zhuoni County Annals [J]. Gansu: Gansu Nationality Publishing House, 1994 [30] Diebu County Annals Editorial Committee. Diebu County Annals [J]. Gansu: Lanzhou University Press, 1998 [31] Pengxian County Annals Editorial Committee. Pengxian County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan People's Publishing House, 1989 [32] Guanxian County Annals Editorial Committee. Guanxian County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan People's Publishing House, 1991 [33] Wenjiang County Annals Editorial Committee. Wenjiang County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan People's Publishing House, 1990 [34] Shifang County Annals Editorial Committee. Shifang County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan University Press, 1988 [35] Tianquan County Annals Editorial Committee. Tianquan County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 1997 [36] Shimian County Annals Editorial Committee. Shimian County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan Cishu Publishing House, 1999 [37] Lushan County Annals Editorial Committee. Lushan County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Fangzhi Publishing House, 2000 [38] Hongyuan County Annals Editorial Committee. Hongyuan County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan People's Publishing House, 1996 [39] Wenchuan County Annals Editorial Committee. Wenchuan County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Bayu Shushe, 2007 [40] Derong County Annals Editorial Committee. Derong County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan University, 2000 [41] Baiyu County Annals Editorial Committee. Baiyu County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan University Press, 1996 [42] Batang County Annals Editorial Committee. Batang County Annals [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan Nationality Publishing House, 1993 [43] Jiulong County Annals Editorial Committee. Jiulong County Annals(Sequel) (1986-2000) [J]. Sichuan: Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 2007 [44] County Annals Editorial Committee of Derung-Nu Autonomous County Gongshan. County Annals of Derung-Nu Autonomous County Gongshan [J]. Beijing: Nationality Publishing House, 2006 [45] Lushui County Annals Editorial Committee. Lushui County Annals [J]. Yunnan: Yunnan People's Publishing House, 1995 [46] Deqin County Annals Editorial Committee. Deqin County Annals [J]. Yunnan: Yunnan Nationality Publishing House, 1997 [47] Yutian County Annals Editorial Committee. Yutian County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 2006 [48] Cele County Annals Editorial Committee. Cele County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 2005 [49] Hetian County Annals Editorial Committee. Hetian County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 2006 [50] Qiemo County Local Chronicles Editorial Committee. Qiemo County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1996 [51] Shache County Annals Editorial Committee. Shache County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1996 [52] Yecheng County Annals Editorial Committee. Yecheng County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1999 [53] Akto County Local Chronicles Editorial Committee. Akto County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1996 [54] Wuqia County Local Chronicles Editorial Committee. Wuqia County Annals [J]. Xinjiang: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 1995
National Bureau of Statics of China
1)The data content includes three stages of soil erosion intensity in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 1992, 2005 and 2015, and the grid resolution is 300m. 2) China soil erosion prediction model (CSLE) was used to calculate the soil erosion amount of more than 4,000 investigation units on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Soil erosion was interpolated according to land use on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. According to the soil erosion classification standard, the soil erosion intensity map of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was obtained. 3) By comparing the differences of three-stage soil erosion intensity data, it conforms to the actual change law and the data quality is good. 4) The data of soil erosion intensity are of great significance to the study of soil erosion in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the sustainable development of local ecosystems. In the attribute table, "Value" represents the erosion intensity level, from 1 to 6, the value represents slight, mild, moderate, intense, extremely intense and severe. "BL" represents the percentage of echa erosion intensity in the total area.
ZHANG Wenbo
This dataset is a pixel-based maximum fractional vegetation cover map within the Yellow River source region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an area of about 44,000 square kilometers. Based on the time series images acquired from MODIS with a resolution of 250 m and Landsat-8 with a resolution of 30 m in 2015 during the vegetation growing season, the data are derived using dimidiate pixel model and time interpolation. The spatial resolution of the image is 30 m, using the WGS 1984 UTM projected coordinate system, and the data is in the format of grid.
WANG Guangjun
The data include the night light data of Tibetan Plateau with a spatial resolution of 1km*1km, a temporal resolution of 5 years and a time coverage of 2000, 2005 and 2010.The data came from Version 4 dmsp-ols products. DMSP/OLS sensors took a unique approach to collect radiation signals generated by night lights and firelight.DMSP/OLS sensors, working at night, can detect low-intensity lights emitted by urban lights, even small-scale residential areas and traffic flows, and distinguish them from dark rural backgrounds.Therefore, DMSP/OLS nighttime light images can be used as a representation of human activities and become a good data source for human activity monitoring and research.
FANG Huajun
This data set contains the statistical information of natural disasters in Qinghai Tibet Plateau in the past 50 years (1950-2002), including drought, snow disaster, frost disaster, hail, flood, wind disaster, lightning disaster, cold wave and strong cooling, low temperature and freezing damage, gale sandstorm, insect disaster, rodent damage and other meteorological disasters. Qinghai and Tibet are the main parts of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is one of the Centers for the formation and evolution of biological species in China. It is also a sensitive area and fragile zone for the international scientific and technological circles to study climate and ecological environment changes. Its complex terrain conditions, high altitude and severe climate conditions determine that the ecological environment is very fragile, It has become the most frequent area of natural disasters in China. The data were extracted from "China Meteorological Disaster Canon · Qinghai volume" and "China Meteorological Disaster Canon · Tibet Volume", which were manually input, summarized and proofread.
Statistical Bureau Statistical Bureau
These data contain two data files: GLOBELAND30 TILES (raw data) and TIBET_ GLOBELAND30_MOSAIC (mosaic data). The raw data were downloaded from the Global Land Cover Data website (GlobalLand3) (http://www.globallandcover.com) and cover the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas. The raw data were stored in frames, and for the convenience of using the data, we use Erdas software to splice and mosaic the raw data. The Global Land Cover Data (GlobalLand30) is the result of the “Global Land Cover Remote Sensing Mapping and Key Technology Research”, which is a key project of the National 863 Program. Using the American Landsat images (TM5, ETM+) and Chinese Environmental Disaster Reduction Satellite images (HJ-1), the data were extracted by a comprehensive method based on pixel classification-object extraction-knowledge checks. The data include 10 primary land cover types—cultivated land, forest, grassland, shrub, wetland, water body, tundra, man-made cover, bare land, glacier and permanent snow—without extracting secondary types. In terms of accuracy assessment, nine types and more than 150,000 test samples were evaluated. The overall accuracy of the GlobeLand30-2010 data is 80.33%. The Kappa indicator is 0.75. The GlobeLand30 data use the WGS84 coordinate system, UTM projection, and 6-degree banding, and the reference ellipsoid is the WGS 84 ellipsoid. According to different latitudes, the data are organized into two types of framing. In the regions of 60° north and south latitudes, the framing is carried out according to a size of 5° (latitude) × 6° (longitude); in the regions of 60° to 80° north and south latitudes, the framing is carried out according to a size of 5° (latitude) × 12° (longitude). The framing is projected according to the central meridian of the odd 6° band. GLOBELAND30 TILES: The original, unprocessed raw data are retained. TIBET_ GLOBELAND30_MOSAIC: The Erdas software is used to mosaic the raw data. The parameter settings use the default value of the raw data to retain the original, and the accuracy is consistent with that of the downloading site.
CHEN Jun
Photosynthetic effective radiation absorption coefficient photosynthetically active radiation component is an important biophysical parameter. It is an important land characteristic parameter of ecosystem function model, crop growth model, net primary productivity model, atmosphere model, biogeochemical model and ecological model, and is an ideal parameter for estimating vegetation biomass. The data set contains the data of photosynthetically active radiation absorption coefficient in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, with spatial resolution of 500m, temporal resolution of 8D, and time coverage of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The data source is MODIS Lai / FPAR product data mod15a2h (C6) on NASA website. The data are of great significance to the analysis of vegetation ecological environment in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
FANG Huajun, Ranga Myneni
There are two types of aerosol data in the Tibetan Plateau. Aerosol type data products are the results of aerosol type data fusion by using Meera 2 assimilation data and active satellite CALIPSO products through a series of data preprocessing, quality control, statistical analysis and comparative analysis. The key of the algorithm is to judge the CALIPSO aerosol type. According to CALIPSO aerosol types and quality control, and referring to merra 2 aerosol types, the final aerosol type data (12 kinds) and quality control results were obtained. Considering the vertical and spatial distribution of aerosols, it has high spatial resolution (0.625 ° × 0.5 °) and temporal resolution (month). Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is a visible band remote sensing inversion method developed by ourselves, combined with merra-2 model data and NASA's official product mod04. The data coverage time is from 2000 to 2019, with daily temporal resolution and spatial resolution of 0.1 degree. The retrieval method mainly uses the self-developed APRs algorithm to retrieve the aerosol optical depth over the ice and snow. The algorithm takes into account the BRDF characteristics of the ice and snow surface, and is suitable for the inversion of aerosol optical thickness on the ice and snow. The results show that the relative deviation of the data is less than 35%, which can effectively improve the coverage and accuracy of the polar AOD.
GUANG Jie, ZHAO Chuanfeng
The data set is a record of glacier distribution in Hoh Xil region, including three tables: the distribution of modern glaciers in various mountain areas in Hoh Xil region, the distribution of modern glaciers in various river basins in Hoh Xil region, and the distribution of modern glaciers in different mountain height segments in Hoh Xil region. Hoh Xil, located in the hinterland of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, has an average altitude of more than 5000m and a very cold climate. According to the catalogue of China's glaciers and the author's re statistics on the 1 / 100000 topographic map, 437 modern glaciers are developed in the whole region, covering an area of 1552.39 square kilometers, with ice reserves of 162.8349 cubic kilometers, becoming an important source of water supply for many rivers and lakes in the region. Through this data set, we can know more about the distribution of glaciers in this area.
LI Bingyuan
Based on a recently developed inventory of permafrost presence or absence from 1475 in situ observations, we developed and trained a statistical model and used it to compile a high‐resolution (30 arc‐ seconds) permafrost zonation index (PZI) map. The PZI model captures the high spatial variability of permafrost distribution over the QTP because it considers multi- ple controlling variables, including near‐surface air temperature downscaled from re‐ analysis, snow cover days and vegetation cover derived from remote sensing. Our results showed the new PZI map achieved the best performance compared to avail- able existing PZI and traditional categorical maps. Based on more than 1000 in situ measurements, the Cohen's kappa coefficient and overall classification accuracy were 0.62 and 82.5%, respectively. Excluding glaciers and lakes, the area of permafrost regions over the QTP is approximately 1.54 (1.35–1.66) ×106 km2, or 60.7 (54.5– 65.2)% of the exposed land, while area underlain by permafrost is about 1.17 (0.95–1.35) ×106 km2, or 46 (37.3–53.0)%.
CAO Bin CAO Bin
The matching data of water and soil resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the potential evapotranspiration data calculated by Penman formula from the site meteorological data (2008-2016, national meteorological data sharing network), the evapotranspiration under the existing land use according to the influence coefficient of underlying surface, and the rainfall data obtained by interpolation from the site rainfall data in the meteorological data, are used to calculate the evapotranspiration under the existing land use according to the different land types of land use According to the difference, the matching coefficient of water and soil resources is obtained. The difference between the actual rainfall and the water demand under the existing land use conditions reflects the matching of water and soil resources. The larger the value is, the better the matching is. The spatial distribution of the matching of soil and water resources can pave the way for further understanding of the agricultural and animal husbandry resources in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
DONG Lingxiao
The surface air temperature dataset of the Tibetan Plateau is obtained by downscaling the China regional surface meteorological feature dataset (CRSMFD). It contains the daily mean surface air temperature and 3-hourly instantaneous surface air temperature. This dataset has a spatial resolution of 0.01°. Its time range for surface air temperature dataset is from 1979 to 2018. Spatial dimension of data: 73°E-106°E, 23°N-40°N. The surface air temperature with a 0.01° can serve as an important input for the modeling of land surface processes, such as surface evapotranspiration estimation, agricultural monitoring, and climate change analysis.
ZHOU Ji, WANG Wei , MA Jin
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The Qinghai Tibet Plateau belongs to the plateau mountain climate. The precipitation, its seasonal distribution and the change of precipitation forms have been one of the hot spots in the global climate change research. The data includes precipitation data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, with spatial resolution of 1km * 1km, temporal resolution of month and year, and time coverage of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The data are obtained by Kring interpolation of meteorological data of National Meteorological Science Information Center. The data can be used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation over the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. In addition, the data can also be used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of precipitation over the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance to the study of the ecological environment of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
FANG Huajun
1) The data content includes three stages of soil erosion intensity in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 1992, 2005 and 2015m the grid resolution is 300m.2) The data of soil erosion intensity are obtained by using the Chinese soil erosion prediction model (CSLE). The formula of soil erosion prediction model includes rainfall erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, slope length factor, slope factor, vegetation cover and biological measure factor, engineering measure factor and tillage measure factor. Rainfall erodibility factors are calculated from the daily rainfall data by the US Climate Prdiction Center (CPC); soil erodibility factors, engineering measures factors and tillage measures factors are obtained from the first water conservancy census data; slope length factors and slope factors are obtained by resampling after calculating 30 m elevation data; vegetation coverage and biological measures factors are obtained by combining fractional vegetation cover with land use data and rainfall erodibility proportionometer. The fractional vegetation cover is calculated by MODIS vegetation index products through pixel dichotomy. 3) Compared with the data of soil erosion intensity in the same region in the same year, there is no significant difference and the data quality is good.4) the data of soil erosion intensity is of great significance for studying the present situation of soil erosion in Pan third polar 65 countries and better carrying out the development policy of the area along the way.
ZHANG Wenbo
This dataset is the spatial distribution map of the marshes in the source area of the Yellow River near the Zaling Lake-Eling Lake, covering an area of about 21,000 square kilometers. The data set is classified by the Landsat 8 image through an expert decision tree and corrected by manual visual interpretation. The spatial resolution of the image is 30m, using the WGS 1984 UTM projected coordinate system, and the data format is grid format. The image is divided into five types of land, the land type 1 is “water body”, the land type 2 is “high-cover vegetation”, the land type 3 is “naked land”, and the land type 4 is “low-cover vegetation”, and the land type 5 is For "marsh", low-coverage vegetation and high-coverage vegetation are distinguished by vegetation coverage. The threshold is 0.1 to 0.4 for low-cover vegetation and 0.4 to 1 for high-cover vegetation.
Geomatics Center of Qinghai Province
Based on the average NDVI (spatial resolution 250m) of MODIS during the growing season from 2000 to 2018, the trend of NDVI was calculated by using Mann-Kendall trend detection method. Three parks of Three River Source National Park are calculated (CJYQ: Yangtze River Park; HHYYQ: Yellow River Park; LCJYQ: Lancang River Park). CJYQ_NDVI_trend_2000_2018_ok.tif: Changjiang Source Park NDVI trend. CJYQ_NDVI_trend_2000_2018_ok_significant.tif: Changjiang Source Park NDVI change trend, excluding the area that is not significant (p > 0.05). CJYYQ_gs_avg_NDVI_2000.tif: The average NDVI of the Yangtze River Source Park in 2000 growing season. Unit NDVI changes every year.
WANG Xufeng
On August 19, 2018, DJI UAV was used to aerial photograph the wetland sample in Qumalai County of the Yangtze River Source Park. The overlap degree of adjacent photographs was not less than 70% according to the set flight route. The Orthophoto Image and DSM were generated using the photographs taken. The Orthophoto Image included three bands of red, green and blue, with a ground resolution of 2 cm, an area of 850 m x 1000 m and a resolution of 4.5 cm for DSM.
WANG Xufeng, WEI Yanqiang
The Tibetan Plateau is known as “The World’s Third Pole” and “The Water Tower of Asia”. A relatively accurate map of the frozen soil in the Tibetan Plateau is therefore significant for local cold region engineering and environmental construction. Thus, to meet the engineering and environmental needs, a decision tree was established based on multi-source remote sensing data (elevation, MODIS surface temperature, vegetation index and soil moisture) to divide the permafrost and seasonally frozen soil of the Tibetan Plateau. The data are in grid format, DN=1 stands for permafrost, and DN=2 stands for seasonally frozen soil. The elevation data are from the 1 km x 1 km China DEM (digital elevation model) data set (http://westdc.westgis.ac.cn); the surface temperature is the yearly average data based on daily data estimated by Bin Ouyang and others using the Sin-Linear method. The estimation of the daily average surface temperature was based on the application of the Sin-Linear method to MODIS surface products, and to reduce the time difference with existing frozen soil maps, the surface temperature of the study area in 2003 was used as the information source for the classification of frozen soil. Vegetation information was extracted from the 16-day synthetic product data of Aqua and Terra (MYD13A1 and MOD13A1) in 2003. Soil moisture values were obtained from relatively high-quality ascending pass data collected by AMSR-E in May 2003. Therefore, based on the above data, the classification threshold of the decision tree was obtained using the Map of Frozen Soil in the Tibetan Plateau (1:3000000) and Map of the Glaciers, Frozen Soil and Deserts in China (1:4000000) as the a priori information. Based on the prosed method, the frozen soil types on the Tibetan Plateau were classified. The classification results were then verified and compared with the surveyed maps of frozen soil in the West Kunlun Mountains, revised maps, maps of hot springs and other existing frozen soil maps related to the Tibetan Plateau. Based on the Tibetan Plateau frozen soil map generated from the multi-source remote sensing information, the permafrost area accounts for 42.5% (111.3 × 104 km²), and the seasonally frozen soil area accounts for 53.8% (140.9 × 104 km²) of the total area of the Tibetan Plateau. This result is relatively consistent with the prior map (the 1:3000000 Map of Frozen Soil in the Tibetan Plateau). In addition, the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the different frozen soil maps show that the frozen soil maps compiled or simulated by different methods are basically consistent in terms of the spatial distribution pattern, and the inconsistencies are mainly in the boundary areas between permafrost areas and seasonally frozen soil areas.
NIU Fujun, YIN Guoan
This data set is the plant collection and distribution site information of Three-River-Source National Park investigated by Northwest Plateau Biology Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The data set covers the period from 2008 to 2017, and the survey covers theThree-River-Source National Park. The survey contents include information such as collection date, number, family, genus, species, survey date, collection place, collector, longitude, latitude, altitude, habitat, appraiser, etc. Three parks of the national park were investigated respectively. 88 species of vegetation belonging to 56 genera and 24 families were investigated in the Yangtze River Source Park, with 116 records in total. Vegetation of 110 species in 64 genera and 26 families was investigated in the Yellow River Source Park, with 159 records in total. The vegetation of 30 species in 22 genera and 12 families was investigated in Lancang River Source Park, with a total of 33 records.
GAO Qingbo
The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) is a global digital elevation data product jointly released by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of America (NASA) and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI). The DEM data were based on the observation results of NASA’s new generation of Earth observation satellite, TERRA, and generated from 1.3 million stereo image pairs collected by ASTER (Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radio meter) sensors, covering more than 99% of the land surface of the Earth. These data were downloaded from the ASTER GDEM data distribution website. For the convenience of using the data, based on framing the ASTER GDEM data, we used Erdas software to splice and prepare the ASTER GDEM mosaic of the Tibetan Plateau. This data set contains three data files: ASTER_GDEM_TILES ASTERGDEM_MOSAIC_DEM ASTERGDEM_MOSAIC_NUM The ASTER GDEM data of the Tibetan Plateau have an accuracy of 30 meters, the raw data are in tif format, and the mosaic data are stored in the img format. The raw data of this data set were downloaded from the ASTERGDEM website and completely retained the original appearance of the data. ASTER GDEM was divided into several 1×1 degree data blocks during distribution. The distribution format was the zip compression format, and each compressed package included two files. The file naming format is as follows: ASTGTM_NxxEyyy_dem.tif ASTGTM_NxxEyyy_num.tif xx is the starting latitude, and yyy is the starting longitude. _dem.tif is the dem data file, and _num.tif is the data quality file. ASTER GDEM TILES: The original, unprocessed raw data are retained. ASTERGDEM_MOSAIC_DEM: Inlay the dem.tif data using Erdas software, and parameter settings use default values. ASRERGDEM_MOSAIC_NUM: Inlay the num.tif data using Erdas software, and parameter settings use default values. The original raw data are retained, and the accuracy is consistent with that of the ASTERGDEM data distribution website. The horizontal accuracy of the data is 30 meters, and the elevation accuracy is 20 meters. The mosaic data are made by Erdas, and the parameter settings use the default values.
METI, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Geladandong region is an important and typical source region of great rivers and lakes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This data set provides DEM covering glaciers in the source region of the Yangtze River and Selin Co with different time scales and resolutions to calculate the seasonal and decadal changes of glacier surface elevation in the source region. This data set includes seven 5-meter resolution TanDEM-X data from July 2016 to 2017, which can be used to calculate the seasonal change of glacier surface elevation; it includes one KH-9 DEM with a resolution of 30m in 1976, five TanDEM-X with a resolution of 30m in 2011, one TanDEM-X in 2014 and three TanDEM-X in 2017 with a resolution of 30m. The data can be used to calculate the change of glacier surface elevation during 1976-2000, 2000-20112011-2017. At the same time, Landsat ETM data are used to extract the glacier outline in 1976and we divide it according to the RGI6.0; The right figure shows the spatial and temporal coverage information of the data set, and the base figure is the orthophoto corrected kh-9 image.
CHEN Wenfeng
This dataset is land surface phenology estimated from 16 days composite MODIS NDVI product (MOD13Q1 collection6) in the Three-River-Source National Park from 2001 to 2020. The spatial resolution is 250m. The variables include Start of Season (SOS) and End of Season (EOS). Two phenology estimating methods were used to MOD13Q1, polynomial fitting based threshold method and double logistic function based inflection method. There are 4 folders in the dataset. CJYYQ_phen is data folder for source region of the Yangtze River in the national park. HHYYQ_phen is data folder for source region of Yellow River in the national park. LCJYYQ_phen is data folder for source region of Lancang River in the national park. SJY_phen is data folder for the whole Three-River-Source region. Data format is geotif. Arcmap or Python+GDAL are recommended to open and process the data.
WANG Xufeng
This data is derived from the National Basic Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which provides 11 million national basic geographic databases free of charge by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. We have spliced and cut the source of the three rivers as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the study of the source area of the three rivers. This data set is composed of 1:1 million administrative boundary layers (BOUA) and administrative boundary line layers (BOUL) in Sanjiangyuan area. Names and definitions of BOUA attribute items: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example PAC Administrative Division Code 513230 NAME Name Rangtang County Names and definitions of BOUL attribute items: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 630200 The meaning of BOUL attribute items: Attribute Item Code Description GB 630200 Provincial Boundary GB 640200 District, Municipal and State Administrative Region GB 650201 County administrative boundaries (determined)
National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information
The data set contains agricultural economic data of all counties and regions in the Tibetan Plateau in 1980-2015, and covering the total number of households and total population in rural areas, agricultural population, rural labor force, cultivated land, paddy field area, the dry land area, power of agricultural machinery, agricultural vehicles, mechanical ploughing area, irrigation area, consumption of chemical fertilizers electricity use, gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, the output of cattle, pig, sheep, meat, poultry, and fish, the sown area of grain, the output of grain, cotton, oil and all kinds of crops, and characteristic agricultural products and livestock production and other relevant data.The data came from the statistical yearbook of the provinces included in the Tibetan Plateau.The data are of good quality and can be used to analyze the socio-economic and agricultural development of qinghai-tibet plateau.
LV Changhe
This data set contains statistical tables on the community situation of each county in Three-River-Source National Park. The specific contents include: Table 1 includes: number of administrative villages, number of natural villages, number of households, population, number of rural labor force, total value of primary and secondary industries, net income per capita, and number of livestock. Table 2 includes: the ethnic composition of the population (population of each ethnic group), education-related statistics (number of primary and secondary schools and number of students), health-related statistics (number of hospitals, health rooms and medical personnel), and statistics on the education level of the population (number of people with different education levels); Table 3 includes: the grassland (total grassland area, usable grassland area, moderately degraded area and grassland vegetation coverage), woodland (total area, arbor forest area, shrub forest area and sparse forest area), water area (total area, river area, lake area, glacier area, snowy mountain area and wetland area). A total of four counties were designed: Maduo, Qumalai, Zaduo and Zhiduo. This data comes from statistics of government departments.
National Bureau of Statistics
This dataset was derived from long-term daily snow depth in China based on the boundary of the three-river-source area. The snow depth ranges from 0 to 100 cm, and the temporal coverage is from January 1 1980 to December 31 2020. The spatial and temporal resolutions are 0.25o and daily, respectively. Snow depth was produced from satellite passive microwave remote sensing data which came from three different sensors that are SMMR, SSM/I and SSMI/S. Considering the systematic bias among these sensors, the inter-sensor calibrations were performed to obtain temporal consistent passive microwave remote sensing data. And the long-term daily snow depth in China were produced from this consistent data based on the spectral gradient method.For header file information, refer to the data set header.txt.
DAI Liyun
The dataset was produced based on MODIS data. Parameters and algorithm were revised to be suitable for the land cover type in the Three-River-Source Regions. By using the Markov de-cloud algorithm, SSM/I snow water equivalent data was fused to the result. Finally, high accuracy daily de-cloud snow cover data was produced. The data value is 0(no snow) or 1(snow). The spatial resolution is 500m, the time period is from 2000-2-24 to 2019-12-31. Data format is geotiff, Arcmap or python+GDAL were recommended to open and process the data.
HAO Xiaohua
The Three-River-Source National Park with an area of 123,100 km2 and include three sub regions, they are source region of the Yangtze River in the national park, source region of Yellow River in the national park and source region of Lancang River in the national park. The national park is located between longitude 89°50'57" -- 99°14'57", latitude 32°22'36" -- 36°47'53". It accounts for 31.16% of the total area of Three-River-Source region. This data set is generated by digitizing the location map of Three-River-Source national park in the comprehensive planning of Three-River-Source national park. The data include the boundary for the national park. Data format is Shapefile. Arcmap is recommended to open the data.
WANG Xufeng
The method of aboveground biomass of grassland is zonal classification model. The data years were 2000, 2010 and 2015, and the fresh vegetation weight was based on the first ten days of August. Above-ground biomass is defined as the total amount of organic matter of vegetation living above the ground in a unit area. Unit: g/m². This data set is calculated from a statistical model based on the MODIS vegetation index by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The spatial resolution is 250 m x 250 m. The data set is an important data source for vegetation monitoring in Three River Source National Park. Projection information: Albers isoconic projection Central meridian: 105 degrees First secant: 25 degrees First secant: 47 degrees West deviation of coordinates: 4000000 meters
ZHU Weiwei
This data comes from the National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information, which was provided to the public free of charge by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. We spliced and trimmed Three Rivers Source Region as a whole to facilitate its use in the study of Three Rivers Source Region. The current status of the data is 2015. This dataset is the Three Rivers Source Region 1: 250,000 water system data, including three layers of water system surface (HYDA), water system line (HYDL) and water system point (HYDP). The water system surface (HYDA) includes lakes, reservoirs, double-line rivers, and ditches; the water system line (HYDL) includes single-line rivers, ditches, and river structure lines; and the water system points (HYDP) include springs and wells. HYDA attribute item name and definition: Attribute item Description Sample GB National standard classification code 210101 HYDC Water system name code KJ2103 NAME Name Heihe WQL Water quality Fresh PERIOD Seasonal months 7-9 TYPE Type Pass HYDL attribute item name and definition: Attribute item Description Sample GB National standard classification code 210101 HYDC Water system name code KJ2103 NAME Name Heihe PERIOD Seasonal months 7-9 HYDP attribute item name and definition: Attribute item Description Sample GB National standard classification code 210101 NAME Name Unfreezing spring TYPE Type Fresh ANGLE Angle 75 Water system GB code and its meaning: Attribute item Code Description GB 210101 Ground river 210200 Seasonal river 210300 Dry up river 230101 Lake 230102 Pond 230200 Seasonal lake 230300 Dry lake 240101 Built reservoir 240102 Reservoir in building
National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information
The data set contains the boundaries of the three source regions of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River, the boundary of the whole Sanjiangyuan region and the boundaries of the counties within the basin. The observation projects include the boundaries of the three source regions of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River, the boundary of the whole Sanjiangyuan region and the boundaries of the counties within the basin.
WEI Yanqiang, Establishing Developing and Applying of the Space-Air-Field Integrated Eco-Monitoring and Data Infrastructure of the Three-River-Source National Park
The data set is NDVI data of long time series acquired by SeaWiFS. The time range of the data set is from September 1997 to 2007. In order to remove the noise in NDVI data, the maximum synthesis is carried out. A NDVI image is synthesized every 15 days. The data set is cut out from the global data set, so as to carry out the research and analysis of the source areas of the three rivers separately. The data format of this data set is geotiff, spatial resolution is 4 km, temporal resolution is 15 days, time range: 256 days in 1997 to 365 days in 2007.
Charles R. Mcclain
This data comes from the National Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which was provided free to the public by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. We have spliced and cut the source of the three rivers as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the study of the source area of the three rivers. The data trend is 2017. This data set is composed of 1:1 million natural place names (AANP) in Sanjiangyuan area, including traffic element names, memorial sites and historic sites, mountain names, river system names, marine geographical names, natural geographical names, etc. Natural Place Name Data (AANP) Attribute Item Names and Definitions: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example CLASS Toponymic Classification Code NAME in Chinese words PINYIN in Chinese Pinyin
National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information
Monthly meteorological data of Sanjiangyuan includes 32 national standard meteorological stations. There are 26 variables: average local pressure, extreme maximum local pressure, date of extreme maximum local pressure, extreme minimum local pressure, date of extreme minimum local pressure, average temperature, extreme maximum temperature, date of extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature and date of extreme minimum temperature, average temperature anomaly, average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature, sunshine hours, percentage of sunshine, average relative humidity, minimum relative humidity, date of occurrence of minimum relative humidity, precipitation, days of daily precipitation >=0.1mm, maximum daily precipitation, date of maximum daily precipitation, percentage of precipitation anomaly, average wind speed, maximum wind speed, date of maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed, wind direction of maximum wind speed, wind direction of maximum wind speed and occurrence date of maximum wind speed. The data format is txt, named by the site ID, and each file has 26 columns. The names and units of each column are explained in the SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MON_readme.txt file. site_id lat lon elv name_cn 52754 37.33 100.13 8301.50 Gangcha 52833 36.92 98.48 7950.00 Wulan 52836 36.30 98.10 3191.10 Dulan 52856 36.27 100.62 2835.00 Qiapuqia 52866 36.72 101.75 2295.20 Xining 52868 36.03 101.43 2237.10 Guizhou 52908 35.22 93.08 4612.20 Wudaoliang 52943 35.58 99.98 3323.20 Xinghai 52955 35.58 100.75 8120.00 Guinan 52974 35.52 102.02 2491.40 Tongren 56004 34.22 92.43 4533.10 Togton He 56018 32.90 95.30 4066.40 Zaduo 56021 34.13 95.78 4175.00 Qumalai 56029 33.02 97.02 3681.20 Yushu 56033 34.92 98.22 4272.30 Maduo 56034 33.80 97.13 4415.40 Qingshui River 56038 32.98 98.10 9200.00 Shiqu 56043 34.47 100.25 3719.00 Guoluo 56046 33.75 99.65 3967.50 Dari 56065 34.73 101.60 8500.00 Henan 56067 33.43 101.48 3628.50 Jiuzhi 56074 34.00 102.08 3471.40 Maqu 56080 35.00 102.90 2910.00 Hezuo 56106 31.88 93.78 4022.80 Suo County 56116 31.42 95.60 3873.10 Dingqing 56125 32.20 96.48 3643.70 Nangqian 56128 31.22 96.60 3810.00 Leiwuqi 56137 31.15 97.17 3306.00 Changdu 56151 32.93 100.75 8530.00 Banma 56152 32.28 100.33 8893.90 Seda
National Meteorological Information Center
This data set uses SMMR (1979-1987), SSM / I (1987-2009) and ssmis (2009-2015) daily brightness temperature data, which is generated by double index (TB V, SG) freeze-thaw discrimination algorithm. The classification results include four types: frozen surface, melted surface, desert and water body. The data covers the source area of three rivers, with a spatial resolution of 25.067525 km. It is stored in geotif format in the form of ease grid projection. Pixel values represent the state of freezing and thawing: 1 for freezing, 2 for thawing, 3 for deserts, 4 for water bodies. Because all TIF files in the dataset describe the scope of Sanjiangyuan National Park, the row and column number information of these files is unchanged, and the excerpt is as follows (where the unit of cellsize is m): ncols 52 nrows 28 cellsize 25067.525 nodata_value 0
The data set contains the rare animal survey data for the Sanjiangyuan area from 2016 to 2017, including the latitude and longitude of the survey site, the length of the sample line, animal discovery time, animal names, quantity, location of the occurrence, type of habitat, affiliated families, etc.
HU Linyong, ZHANG Tongzuo, ZHANG Tongzuo,
The data set includes the sample survey data of alpine grassland and alpine meadow in Maduo County in September 2016. The sample size is 50cm × 50cm. The investigation contents include coverage, species name, vegetation height, biomass (dry weight and fresh weight), longitude and latitude coordinates, slope, aspect, slope position, soil type, vegetation type, surface characteristics (litter, gravel, wind erosion, water erosion, saline alkali spot, etc.), utilization mode, utilization intensity, etc.
LI Fei, Fei Li, Zhijun Zhang, Fei Li, Zhijun Zhang
This data set is the data set of Lake elements in Hoh Xil area of Qinghai Province, which records the main lake characteristics and water quality sampling and analysis data in detail. There are many lakes in Hoh Xil area of Qinghai Province, which is one of the concentrated distribution areas of lakes in Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The basic characteristics of Lake Development in this area are: large quantity, many types and complex structure. According to preliminary statistics, there are 107 lakes with an area of more than 1km2, with a total area of 3825km2 and a lake degree of about 0.05. The original data of the data set is digitized from the book "natural environment of Hoh Xil region in Qinghai Province", which includes 35 main lake characteristic data and 60 lake water chemical analysis data. This data set provides basic data for the study of Hoh Xil area in Qinghai Province, and has reference value for the research in related fields.
LI Bingyuan
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), the largest high-altitude and low-latitude permafrost zone in the world, has experienced rapid permafrost degradation in recent decades, and one of the most remarkable resulting characteristics is the formation of thermokarst lakes. Such lakes have attracted significant attention because of their ability to regulate carbon cycle, water, and energy fluxes. However, the distribution of thermokarst lakes in this area remains largely unknown, hindering our understanding of the response of permafrost and its carbon feedback to climate change.Based on more than 200 sentinel-2A images and combined with ArcGIS, NDWI and Google Earth Engine platform, this data set extracted the boundary of thermokarst lakes in permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau through GEE automatic extraction and manual visual interpretation.In 2018, there were 121,758 thermokarst lakes in the permafrost area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, covering an area of 0.0004-0.5km², with a total area of 1,730.34km² respectively.The cataloging data set of Thermokarst Lakes provides basic data for water resources evaluation, permafrost degradation evaluation and thermal karst study on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
CHEN Xu, MU Cuicui, JIA Lin, LI Zhilong, FAN Chengyan, MU Mei, PENG Xiaoqing, WU Xiaodong
This data is a simulated output data set of 5km monthly hydrological data obtained by establishing the WEB-DHM distributed hydrological model of the source regions of Yangtze River and Yellow River, using temperature, precipitation and pressure as input data, and GAME-TIBET data as verification data. The dataset includes grid runoff and evaporation (if the evaporation is less than 0, it means deposition; if the runoff is less than 0, it means that the precipitation in the month is less than evaporation). This data is a model based on the WEB-DHM distributed hydrological model, and established by using temperature, and precipitation (from itp-forcing and CMA) as input data, GLASS, MODIA, AVHRR as vegetation data, and SOILGRID and FAO as soil parameters. And by the calibration and verification of runoff，soil temperature and soil humidity, the 5 km monthly grid runoff and evaporation in the source regions of Yangtze River and Yellow River from 1998 to 2017 was obtained. If asc can't open normally in arcmap, please delete the blacks space of the top 5 lines of the asc file.
WANG Lei
Lake ice is an important parameter of the cryosphere, its change is closely related to the climate parameters such as temperature and precipitation, and can directly reflect the climate change, so it is an important indicator of the regional climate parameter change. However, because the research area is often located in the area with poor natural environment and few population, large-scale field observation is difficult to carry out, so sentinel 1 satellite data is used. The spatial resolution of 10 m and the temporal resolution of better than 30 days are used to monitor the changes of different types of lake ice, which fills the observation gap. Hmrf algorithm is used to classify different types of lake ice. Through time series analysis of the distribution of different types of lake ice in three polar regions with a part area of more than 25km2, a lake ice type data set is formed. The distribution of different types of lake ice in these lakes can be obtained. The data includes the serial number of the processed lake, the year in which it is located and the serial number in the time series, vector and other information. The data set includes the algorithm used, sentinel-1 satellite data used, imaging time, polar area, lake ice type and other information. Users can determine the changes of different types of lake ice in the time series according to the vector file.
Qiu Yubao, Tian Bangsen
This product is based on multi-source remote sensing DEM data generation. The steps are as follows: select control points in relatively stable and flat terrain area with Landsat ETM +, SRTM and ICESat remote sensing data as reference. The horizontal coordinates of the control points are obtained with Landsat ETM + l1t panchromatic image as the horizontal reference. The height coordinates of the control points are mainly obtained by ICESat gla14 elevation data, and are supplemented by SRTM elevation data in areas without ICESat distribution. Using the selected control points and automatically generated connection points, the lens distortion and residual deformation are compensated by Brown's physical model, so that the total RMSE of all stereo image pairs in the aerial triangulation results is less than 1 pixel. In order to edit the extracted DEM data to eliminate the obvious elevation abnormal value, DEM Interpolation, DEM filtering and DEM smoothing are used to edit the DEM on the glacier, and kh-9 DEM data in the West Kunlun West and West Kunlun east regions are spliced to form products.
ZHOU Jianming
This data set is the data set of climate elements in Hoh Xil area of Qinghai Province, covering the data of 14 observation stations, recording the climate observation data in 1990 in detail. Hoh Xil area in Qinghai Province has a high terrain with an average altitude of over 5000m. The climate is cold, the air is thin and the natural environment is bad. The vast area is still no man's land, known as "forbidden zone for human beings". Due to less interference from human activities, most of the area still maintains its original natural state. Its special geographical location, crustal structure and natural environment, as well as the unique composition of the biological flora, have been the focus of domestic surgical circles. The original data of the data set is digitized from the book "natural environment of Hoh Xil, Qinghai Province". The climate observation data include solar radiation, temperature, precipitation, air pressure, wind speed, etc. This data set provides basic data for the study of Hoh Xil area in Qinghai Province, and has reference value for the research in related fields.
LI Bingyuan
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